Animal cells lack a cell wall but have a plasma membrane, irregular shapes, and smaller vacuoles, while plant cells have a cell wall made of cellulose, fixed rectangular shapes, and a large central vacuole taking up 90% of the cell volume. Other key differences include the presence of chloroplasts and plastids in plant cells which allow them to perform photosynthesis, and animal cells having centrioles while they are only present in lower plant forms. However, both cell types contain a nucleus, cytoplasm, organelles like mitochondria and Golgi apparatus, and microtubules/microfilaments.