Ancient Sparta and Athens had differences in their economies, cultures, and roles of men and women. Sparta's economy was based on agriculture due to its fertile land, while Athens' relied on trade since its land was more mountainous. Spartan culture emphasized the military, whereas Athens was more focused on arts and knowledge. Men in Sparta were mainly soldiers or traders, and Spartan women worked in fields or as healers, in contrast to the more varied roles of Athenian men and women. Overall, Sparta's military-centric society made it more powerful than Athens.