My first lecture on anatomy for B.Sc Nursing I year students. My PPT covers introductory part, the anatomical and directional terms used. Hope you like it.
Anatomic terminology, anatomical position, anatomical planes, anatomical term...Dr Shahid Alam
Anatomic terminology, anatomical position, anatomical planes, anatomical term, language of anatomy, Anatomy lecture BD Chaurasia, Snell Anatomy By Dr Shahid Alam
Introduction in human anatomy
2. Anatomy • Definition - anatome = up (ana) + cutting (tome) • Disciplines of anatomy – Macroscopic – Microscopic – Developmental – Neuroanatomy • Approach to study of gross anatomy Upper extremity Back Head and neck Thorax Abdomen Pelvis and perineum Lower extremity
3. Basis for Terminology • Terms informative • Nomina anatomica • Use of eponyms Use correct terminology on exams; avoid nonspecific, general terms, like
Anatomic terminology, anatomical position, anatomical planes, anatomical term...Dr Shahid Alam
Anatomic terminology, anatomical position, anatomical planes, anatomical term, language of anatomy, Anatomy lecture BD Chaurasia, Snell Anatomy By Dr Shahid Alam
Introduction in human anatomy
2. Anatomy • Definition - anatome = up (ana) + cutting (tome) • Disciplines of anatomy – Macroscopic – Microscopic – Developmental – Neuroanatomy • Approach to study of gross anatomy Upper extremity Back Head and neck Thorax Abdomen Pelvis and perineum Lower extremity
3. Basis for Terminology • Terms informative • Nomina anatomica • Use of eponyms Use correct terminology on exams; avoid nonspecific, general terms, like
Students will be able to gain a better understanding and application of medical terminology in relation general Anatomy about:
Brief History
Medical Terminology
Anatomical Planes, Directions and Movements.
Introduction to HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGYabhay joshi
THIS PRESENTATION INCLUDE THE INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. IT INCLUDE DEFINITATION, STRUCTURAL LEVEL ORGANIZATION, BASIC LIFE PROCESSES AND BASIC ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY.
Definition of human anatomy, various terms used in anatomy, planes of human body, various positions of human body, subdivisions of human anatomy, body cavities and regions of human body, conclusion .
Chapter-1 Introduction to Human Anatomy and PhysiologyD.R. Chandravanshi
Anatomy (Greek anatomē, 'dissection') is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science which deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having its beginnings in prehistoric times. Anatomy is inherently tied to developmental biology, embryology, comparative anatomy, evolutionary biology, and phylogeny, as these are the processes by which anatomy is generated, both over immediate and long-term timescales. Anatomy and physiology, which study the structure and function of organisms and their parts respectively, make a natural pair of related disciplines, and are often studied together. Human anatomy is one of the essential basic sciences that are applied in medicine.
Students will be able to gain a better understanding and application of medical terminology in relation general Anatomy about:
Brief History
Medical Terminology
Anatomical Planes, Directions and Movements.
Introduction to HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGYabhay joshi
THIS PRESENTATION INCLUDE THE INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. IT INCLUDE DEFINITATION, STRUCTURAL LEVEL ORGANIZATION, BASIC LIFE PROCESSES AND BASIC ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY.
Definition of human anatomy, various terms used in anatomy, planes of human body, various positions of human body, subdivisions of human anatomy, body cavities and regions of human body, conclusion .
Chapter-1 Introduction to Human Anatomy and PhysiologyD.R. Chandravanshi
Anatomy (Greek anatomē, 'dissection') is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science which deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having its beginnings in prehistoric times. Anatomy is inherently tied to developmental biology, embryology, comparative anatomy, evolutionary biology, and phylogeny, as these are the processes by which anatomy is generated, both over immediate and long-term timescales. Anatomy and physiology, which study the structure and function of organisms and their parts respectively, make a natural pair of related disciplines, and are often studied together. Human anatomy is one of the essential basic sciences that are applied in medicine.
1st GNM - Anatomy Unit - 1 - introduction.pptxthiru murugan
By:M. Thiru murugan
Unit – I:Introduction to anatomical terms organization of the human bodya) Anatomical terms b) Systems and cavities of the human body
BODY POSITIONS
REGIONAL NAMES
9 - Quadrants and regions of body
Abdominopelvic quadrants
DIRECTIONL TERMS
Terms related to organs
Body planes and sections
Body Movement
Movement is the change in the position of a body part with respect to the whole body
Types of Body Movements:
Flexion: bending an arm or leg
Extension straightens
Circumduction: combination of all movements
Abduction away from the midline
Adduction toward the midline
Rotation movement of the limbs around their long axis
Supination palm up.
Pronation palm down
Elevation movement in a superior direction
Depression movement in an inferior direction.
Systems of the human body
Integumentary system
Skeletal system
Muscular system
Nervous system
Cardiovascular system
Lymphatic system and immunology
Respiratory system
Digestive system
Urinary system
Reproductive system
Body cavities
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
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The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
2. DEFINITION OF ANATOMY
ANATOMY (ana = up; tomy = process of cutting) is the
study of the structure of an organism and the relationship
of its parts.
It is usually studied by dissection (careful cutting
apart) of body structures to study their relationships.
4. IMPORTANT BRANCHES/SUBDISCIPLINES OF
ANATOMY
EMBRYOLOGY: Study of structures that emerge
from the time of the fertilized egg through the eighth
week in uterus.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY: Study of structures
that emerge from the time of the fertilized egg to the
adult form.
5. HISTOLOGY (hist = tissue): Study of microscopic
structures of tissues.
SURFACE ANATOMY: Study of anatomical
landmarks on the surface of body such as head or
chest
6. RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY: Study of structures
that can be seen with x-rays.
PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY: Study of structural
changes ( from gross to microscopic) associated with
the disease.
7. IMPORTANT BRANCHES/SUBDISCIPLINES OF
PHYSIOLOGY
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY (neuro = nerve): Study of
functional properties of nerve cells.
ENDOCRINOLOGY (endo = within; crin =
secretions): Study of hormones (chemical regulators
within the body) and how they control body functions.
8. CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY (cardi = heart;
vascular = blood vessels): Study of the functions of
the heart and blood vessels.
IMMUNOLOGY: Study of how body defends itself
against disease causing agents.
9. RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY (respira = to
breathe): Study of the functions of the air passages
and lungs.
RENAL PHYSIOLOGY (ren = kidney): Study of
functions of kidneys.
10. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (path = disease): Study of
functional changes associated with disease and
aging.
11. LEVELS OF STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION
1. THE CHEMICAL LEVEL
2. THE CELLULAR LEVEL
3. THE TISSUE LEVEL
4. THE ORGAN LEVEL
5. THE ORGAN SYSTEM LEVEL
6. THE ORGANISMAL LEVEL
12. SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY
1. INTEGUEMENTARY SYSTEM
2. SKELETAL SYSTEM
3. MUSCULAR SYSTEM
4. NERVOUS SYSTEM
5. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
6. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
13. 7. LYMPHATIC SYSTEM AND IMMUNITY
8. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
9. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
10. URINARY SYSTEM
11. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
14. INTEGUEMENTARY SYSTEM
Components: Skin and its structures (hair, nails, sweat
glands and oil glands)
Functions: Protection
Regulates body temperature
Eliminates some wastes
Helps make Vit. D
Detects sensation.
15. SKELETAL SYSTEM
Components: Bones, joints and their associated
cartilages.
Functions: Supports and protects
Provides attachment for muscles
Helps body movements
Houses cells that produces blood cells
Stores minerals and fats.
17. NERVOUS SYSTEM
Components: Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerves snd special
sense organs (Eyes and Ears).
Functions: Generates nerve impulses to regulate
body activities
Detects changes in the body’s internal
and external environment.
Interprets to changes and responds by
causing muscular contractions or
glandular secretions.
18. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Components: Blood, Heart and blood vessels
Functions: Pumps blood.
Carries oxygen and nutrients and wastes
away from cells.
Blood components helps defends
against disease and repairs damages.
19. LYMPHATIC SYSTEM AND IMMUNOLOGY
Components: Lymphatic fluid and vessels; spleen,
thymus, lymph nodes and tonsils.
Functions: Returns protein and fluid to the blood.
Carries lipids from G.I Tract to blood
Protects against disease causing
microbes.
20. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Components: Lungs, pharynx, larynx, trachea and
bronchial tubes leading into lungs.
Functions: Transfers oxygen to blood and carbon
dioxide from blood to air.
Regulates acid base balance of body
fluids.
Helps to produce sound.
21. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Components: Mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach,
small and large intestine, anus, and accessory
organs such as the salivary glands, liver, gallbladder
and pancreas.
Functions: Physical and chemical breakdown of
food.
Absorbs nutrients.
Eliminates solid wastes.
22. URINARY SYSTEM
Components: Kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder and
urethra.
Functions: Produce, stores and eliminates urine.
Eliminates wastes
Helps maintain the acid base balance of
body fluids.
23. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Components: Gonads (testes/ovaries) and associated
organs (uterine tubes, uterus and vagina, epididymis,
vas deferens and penis)
Functions: Gonads produce gametes (sperm or
oocytes).
Gonads release hormones and regulates
reproduction.
Associated organs transports and store
gametes .
28. BODY CAVITIES
Two types of body cavities:
1. Ventral Cavity: Consist of Thoracic Cavity
and Abdominopelvic cavity.
2. Dorsal Cavity: Include Cranial Cavity and
Spinal cavity.
30. Thoracic Cavity:
a) Pleural cavities: Surrounds the lungs. The serous
membrane is called “Pleura” that contains “pleural
fluid”.
b) Pericardial cavity: Surrounds the Heart. The
serous membrane is “Pericardium”.
c) Mediastinum: Central portion of the thoracic cavity
between the lungs. It contains Oesophagus, Trachea,
heart and large blood vessels.
BODY CAVITIES
32. Thin filmy membrane that covers the wall surface
is known as “Parietal layer”.
The thin membrane that covers the organ is called
as “Visceral layer”
33. REGIONAL NAMES
Abdominal: Anterior torso below diaphragm
Acromial: Shoulder
Antebrachial: Forearm
Antecubital: Depressed area in front of elbow
Axillary: Armpit
Brachial: Arm
Buccal: Cheek (inside)
34. Calcaneal: Heel of foot
Carpal: Wrist
Cephalic: Head
Cervical: Neck
Coxal: Hip
Cranial: skull
Crural: Leg
Cubital: Elbow
Cutaneous: Skin
35. Digital: Fingers or toes
Dorsal: Back or top
Facial: Face
Femoral: Thigh
Frontal: Forehead
Gluteal: Buttock
Hallux: Great toe
Inguinal: Groin
Lumbar: Lower part of back between ribs and pelvis
36. Mammary: Breast
Manual: Hand
Mental: Chin
Nasal: Nose
Navel: Umblicus
Occipital: Back of lower part of skull
Olecranal: Back of elbow
Oral: Mouth
Orbital or opthalmic: Eyes
37. Otic: Ear
Palmar: Palm of hand
Patellar: Front of knee
Pedal: Foot
Pelvic: Lower portion of torso
Perineal: Area between anus and genitals
Plantar: Sole of foot
Pollex: Thumb
Popliteal: Area behind the knee
38. Supraclavicular: Area above clavicle
Sural: Calf
Tarsal: Ankle
Temporal: Side of skull
Thoracic: Chest
Zygomatic: Cheek
40. ABDOMINOPELVIC REGIONS
1. Right hypochondriac region
2. Epigastric region
3. Left hypochondriac region
4. Right lumbar region
5. Umblical region
6. Left lumbar region
7. Right inguinal/iliac region
8. Hypogastric region
9. Left inguinal/iliac region
44. It describes the position of one body part relative to
another.
Directional terms Definition
Superior (cephalic)
Towards the head or the upper part of a
structure
Inferior (caudal) Away from head or lower part
Anterior (ventral) At the front of the body
Posterior (dorsal)
At the back of the body
45. Directional terms Definition
Medial Nearer to the midline
Lateral Farther to the midline
Intermediate Between two structures
Ipsilateral
On the same side of the body as
another structure
46. Directional terms Definition
Contralateral
On the opposite of the body from
another structure
Proximal
Nearer to the origination of a
structure
Distal
Farther from the origination of the
structure
Superficial On the surface of the body
Deep Away from the surface of the body
47. TERMS RELATED TO ORGANS
1. Lumen: The hollow area of the organ.
2. Central and peripheral: Central means near the center
and Peripheral means towards the boundary.
3. Medullary and Cortical: Medullary refers to inner
region of an organ; Cortical means structures found in
the outer region.
4. Basal and Apical: The pointed part is called
Apical/Apex; Basal is the base.
50. PLANES
1. Sagittal plane: Vertical plane that divides the body
surface into right and left side.
a) Midsaggital/Median plane: Passes through midline
of the body/organ and divides into right and left
sides.
b) Parasagittal plane: Does not pass through the
midline. Divides the body/organ into unequal right
and left sides.