Marketing Management, 13th ed
6
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 After reading this chapter, students should:
 Know how consumer characteristics influence buying
behavior
 Know what major psychological processes influence
consumer responses to the marketing program
 Know how consumers make purchasing decisions
 Know how marketers analyze consumer decision making
Consumer Buyer Behavior
&
Consumer Market
Consumer Buyer Behavior
 The buying behavior of final consumers—individuals and
households who buy goods and services for personal
consumption.
Consumer Market
 All the individuals and households who buy goods and services for
personal consumption.
Model of Consumer Behavior
Marketing and other stimuli
Marketing Other
Product Economic
Price Technological
Place Political
Promotion Cultural
Buyer’s Black Box
Buyer Buyer
Characteristics decision
process
Buyer Responses
Product choice
Brand choice
Dealer choice
Purchase timing
Purchase amount
What do we need to study to understand
the black box?
 Characteristics affecting Buyer Behavior
 Types of Buying Behavior
 Buyer Decision process
Characteristics/Factors Affecting
Consumer Behavior
Cultural
Culture
Subculture
Social Class
Social
Reference groups
Family
Roles and Status
Personal
Age & Lifecycle
Occupation
Economic
situation
Lifestyle
Personality
And self-concept
Psychological
Motivation
Perception
Learning
Beliefs &
Attitudes
Buyer
Types of Buying Decision Behaviors
 Complex Buying behavior.
 Dissonance – Reducing Buying Behavior
 Habitual Buying Behavior.
 Variety-seeking Buying Behavior.
Complex Buying
behavior
Variety seeking
Buying
behavior
Dissonance reducing
Buying behavior
Habitual
Buying
behavior
High Involvement low involvement
Significantdifferences
betweenbrands
Fewdifferences
betweenbrands
Figure 6.4 Consumer Buying Process
Problem Recognition
Information Search
Evaluation
Purchase Decision
Postpurchase
Behavior
Buyer decision process for new
products
 New products:
A good , service , or idea that is perceived by
some potential customers as new:
Adoption process:
The mental process through which an individual
passes from first hearing about an innovation to
final adoption
 Stages o adoption process:
 Awareness
 Interest
 Evaluation
 Trial
 Adoption
Consumer
Behavior
Cultural Social
•Age &
Lifecycle
•Occupation
•Economic
•situation
•Lifestyle
•Personality
self concept
•Motivation
•Maslow’s
Hierarchy of
Needs
•Perception
•Learning
•Beliefs &
•Attitudes
Culture
Subculture
Social
Class
Nationalities
Religions
Racial groups
Geographic
regions
Upper uppers
Lower uppers
Upper middles
Middle class
Working class
Upper lowers
Lower lowers
Reference
groups
•Membership
groups
•Primary
groups
•Secondary
groups
•Aspiration
groups
•Dissociative
groups
Family
•Family of
Orientation
•Family of
Procreation
Roles and
Status
Personal
Psychologic
al
Types of Buying
Decision
Behaviors
•Complex Buying
behavior.
•Dissonance –
Reducing Buying
Behavior
•Habitual Buying
Behavior.
•Variety-seeking Buying
Behavior.
•Problem
Recognition
•Information
Search
•Personal
•Public
•Experiential
•Commercial
•Evaluation
•Purchase
Decision
•Post purchase
Behavior
Consumer
Buying
Process

Analyzing Consumer Markets

  • 1.
  • 2.
    LEARNING OBJECTIVES  Afterreading this chapter, students should:  Know how consumer characteristics influence buying behavior  Know what major psychological processes influence consumer responses to the marketing program  Know how consumers make purchasing decisions  Know how marketers analyze consumer decision making
  • 3.
    Consumer Buyer Behavior & ConsumerMarket Consumer Buyer Behavior  The buying behavior of final consumers—individuals and households who buy goods and services for personal consumption. Consumer Market  All the individuals and households who buy goods and services for personal consumption.
  • 4.
    Model of ConsumerBehavior Marketing and other stimuli Marketing Other Product Economic Price Technological Place Political Promotion Cultural Buyer’s Black Box Buyer Buyer Characteristics decision process Buyer Responses Product choice Brand choice Dealer choice Purchase timing Purchase amount
  • 5.
    What do weneed to study to understand the black box?  Characteristics affecting Buyer Behavior  Types of Buying Behavior  Buyer Decision process
  • 6.
    Characteristics/Factors Affecting Consumer Behavior Cultural Culture Subculture SocialClass Social Reference groups Family Roles and Status Personal Age & Lifecycle Occupation Economic situation Lifestyle Personality And self-concept Psychological Motivation Perception Learning Beliefs & Attitudes Buyer
  • 7.
    Types of BuyingDecision Behaviors  Complex Buying behavior.  Dissonance – Reducing Buying Behavior  Habitual Buying Behavior.  Variety-seeking Buying Behavior.
  • 8.
    Complex Buying behavior Variety seeking Buying behavior Dissonancereducing Buying behavior Habitual Buying behavior High Involvement low involvement Significantdifferences betweenbrands Fewdifferences betweenbrands
  • 9.
    Figure 6.4 ConsumerBuying Process Problem Recognition Information Search Evaluation Purchase Decision Postpurchase Behavior
  • 10.
    Buyer decision processfor new products  New products: A good , service , or idea that is perceived by some potential customers as new: Adoption process: The mental process through which an individual passes from first hearing about an innovation to final adoption
  • 11.
     Stages oadoption process:  Awareness  Interest  Evaluation  Trial  Adoption
  • 12.
    Consumer Behavior Cultural Social •Age & Lifecycle •Occupation •Economic •situation •Lifestyle •Personality selfconcept •Motivation •Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs •Perception •Learning •Beliefs & •Attitudes Culture Subculture Social Class Nationalities Religions Racial groups Geographic regions Upper uppers Lower uppers Upper middles Middle class Working class Upper lowers Lower lowers Reference groups •Membership groups •Primary groups •Secondary groups •Aspiration groups •Dissociative groups Family •Family of Orientation •Family of Procreation Roles and Status Personal Psychologic al Types of Buying Decision Behaviors •Complex Buying behavior. •Dissonance – Reducing Buying Behavior •Habitual Buying Behavior. •Variety-seeking Buying Behavior. •Problem Recognition •Information Search •Personal •Public •Experiential •Commercial •Evaluation •Purchase Decision •Post purchase Behavior Consumer Buying Process

Editor's Notes

  • #3 Consumer make a lot of purchasing on daily basis and it is the main focus of the marketrs efforts, in means it is the main hub of the marketers efforts, most of the companies perform research on consumer buying behavior to find out What they buy Where they buyHow they buyWhen they buy Why they buyMarketers do study actual buying behavior to have the ans of what they buy where they buy how they buy and when they buy but one of the most important question still there why they buy, finding the ans of this question is not so easy because it prevail in the mind of he customer.
  • #4 Consumer Buyer Behavior: The process by which individualssearch for, select, purchase, use, and dispose of goods and services, in satisfaction of their needs and wants. See also consumer decision making.
  • #5 Consumer black box: a model used in the study of the buying behavior of consumers; the model assumes that what takes place in the consumer's "black box" of the consumer's mind can be inferred from a study of observed stimuli and responses. Most of the time consumer don’t know actualy what does affect on their purchases , what factors does influence , one of the marketing expert says that mind is like a computer with storage comoponets where brand logos and product information is being stored and can be accessed cleverly through ads and promotional materialThe centeral question for the marketer is that how does customers of consumers responed to the certain marketing activities they
  • #7 Culture : the set of basis values perceptions wants and behaviors learned by a member through society and the marketers should also focus on the cultural shifts if they are unable to do it successfully so results will be quite different from their expectations (for example: the recent cultural shift is towards health conscionusness , and fitness which ehnace the demand of excriseing equipment and less fat food as well as casual colthing .. Another example off culutural shift is the cosmetic use of males , for looking more fair and attractive this cultural trend is being analysis by the emni fair men ganinrnivea for men.Subculture: a group of people who shared smilliar values wants and buying behaviors .. It can be on religious like hindu , muslimchirstan and marketers developed their product according to their regional need and other example of the sub culture is the region provide interesting basis such as punjab in pakistan it belongs more than 60 percent of pakistanspoplution from punjab , they are more religious, sufi , extro word wants to enjoy their lives and this fact represents in their life style clothing and celebraltions like basant, marriages and bangra dances.Social classes are relatively perment division of the socity not only one basis like income also on the other factors like education, lifestyle and wealth.Reference group = aspirational groups ( to whom we belong is the membership group)Youngstars like to be like wasimakram and shahidafridiOpionion leader from p And G Vocal point strategy :Family : brookee bond red label india
  • #9 1. Complex buying behavior: high involvement purchase high price but no clear difference about the product example : computers2. Dissonance reducing buying behavior: high involvement decision with little difference between the products.. Example : furniture items3. Variety seeking buying behavior: low involvement decision but significance product difference in such case switching is high example: biscuit purchase4.Habitual buying behavior : when decision making become habit like purchasing of salt.