American values & assumptions1
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This presentation discusses key American values and assumptions according to a book on intercultural communication by Gary Althen. It summarizes values like individualism, competition, equality, and informality. It also covers assumptions around concepts like privacy, the future, time, achievement, and directness. The presentation provides context on Gary Althen's background and experience in international education and examines differences in cultural values and how they can lead to problems in cross-cultural interactions.
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American values & assumptions
The document discusses cultural values and assumptions, comparing those of Americans and non-Americans. It notes that cultures have unwritten rules around beliefs, customs and what is seen as normal or strange. Americans value individualism, equality, informality, achievement and direct communication. In contrast, other cultures may place more emphasis on family, tradition, respect for authority and saving face. The document encourages observing differences positively and open-mindedly rather than judging, in order to understand other perspectives.
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The document discusses cultural values and assumptions between Americans and non-Americans. It explains that cultures have unwritten rules around beliefs, customs, and what is seen as normal or strange. Americans value individualism, equality, informality, achievement and direct communication. In contrast, other cultures may place more emphasis on family, tradition, respect for authority and saving face. The document encourages observing differences positively and learning from American qualities like egalitarianism and taking initiative, while still respecting one's own culture.
American values and assumptions1
The document discusses cultural values and assumptions in the United States according to Althen, a foreign student advisor. It focuses on nine central values that shape American culture and behavior, including individualism, competition, privacy, equality, informality, future orientation, time as a valuable resource, achievement and materialism, and directness and assertiveness. These values can lead to misunderstandings when interacting with those from cultures with different values and assumptions. Althen aims to introduce visitors to these predominant cultural patterns in the US to minimize tension and conflict arising from intercultural differences.
American values and assumptions
Americans place great emphasis on individualism and believe people should take responsibility for themselves. They are also very competitive and believe goals can be achieved through hard work. Key American values identified in the document include individualism, with Americans seeing themselves as separate individuals responsible for their own situations; competition, which pervades society through sports; privacy, with Americans valuing alone time; and equality, believing all people are created equal. Americans also value informality, a focus on the future over the past, the importance of time and being productive, achievement through action and work, and materialism. They tend to be direct and assertive in their communication.
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This presentation discusses key American values and assumptions according to a text by Gary Althen, a former foreign student adviser. It identifies values such as individualism, competition, privacy, equality, informality, achievement/work orientation, and directness. Assumptions include that time is money, the future involves progress, and materialism and action are admired. The presentation provides context on intercultural communication and Gary Althen's background before outlining American and contrasting values/assumptions.
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This document summarizes sex roles and gender identity from the perspectives of biology, culture, and society. It discusses how sex roles are influenced by genetics, with biological differences in chromosomes, hormones, and brain formation between men and women. Culture also influences sex roles, as different societies assign different roles to each sex. Society further shapes sex roles through the socialization process with parents, schools, friends, role models, and media influencing how people learn appropriate gender behaviors. The document concludes that while biology plays some role, society is primarily responsible for determining and reinforcing sex roles, which can lead to discrimination.
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American values & assumptions
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The document discusses cultural values and assumptions between Americans and non-Americans. It explains that cultures have unwritten rules around beliefs, customs, and what is seen as normal or strange. Americans value individualism, equality, informality, achievement and direct communication. In contrast, other cultures may place more emphasis on family, tradition, respect for authority and saving face. The document encourages observing differences positively and learning from American qualities like egalitarianism and taking initiative, while still respecting one's own culture.
American values and assumptions1
The document discusses cultural values and assumptions in the United States according to Althen, a foreign student advisor. It focuses on nine central values that shape American culture and behavior, including individualism, competition, privacy, equality, informality, future orientation, time as a valuable resource, achievement and materialism, and directness and assertiveness. These values can lead to misunderstandings when interacting with those from cultures with different values and assumptions. Althen aims to introduce visitors to these predominant cultural patterns in the US to minimize tension and conflict arising from intercultural differences.
American values and assumptions
Americans place great emphasis on individualism and believe people should take responsibility for themselves. They are also very competitive and believe goals can be achieved through hard work. Key American values identified in the document include individualism, with Americans seeing themselves as separate individuals responsible for their own situations; competition, which pervades society through sports; privacy, with Americans valuing alone time; and equality, believing all people are created equal. Americans also value informality, a focus on the future over the past, the importance of time and being productive, achievement through action and work, and materialism. They tend to be direct and assertive in their communication.
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This presentation discusses key American values and assumptions according to a text by Gary Althen, a former foreign student adviser. It identifies values such as individualism, competition, privacy, equality, informality, achievement/work orientation, and directness. Assumptions include that time is money, the future involves progress, and materialism and action are admired. The presentation provides context on intercultural communication and Gary Althen's background before outlining American and contrasting values/assumptions.
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This document summarizes sex roles and gender identity from the perspectives of biology, culture, and society. It discusses how sex roles are influenced by genetics, with biological differences in chromosomes, hormones, and brain formation between men and women. Culture also influences sex roles, as different societies assign different roles to each sex. Society further shapes sex roles through the socialization process with parents, schools, friends, role models, and media influencing how people learn appropriate gender behaviors. The document concludes that while biology plays some role, society is primarily responsible for determining and reinforcing sex roles, which can lead to discrimination.
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The document discusses different types of prejudices including those based on age, religion, ethnicity, appearance, disabilities, race, sex, and economic class. It notes that race is a social construct rather than a scientific one, as genetic variations between human populations are minor. The document asks readers to consider experiences they have had with assumptions, stereotypes, and how they felt they should have been treated in those situations.
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Prejudice refers to negative attitudes towards members of social groups. It can be reflected in policies and is often a form of scapegoating. Research suggests prejudice is a personality trait where those prejudiced against one group are often prejudiced against others. Prejudice causes hurt, is unjust, and goes against principles of society. It leads to conflicts and issues between groups.
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Prejudice refers to prejudging someone or forming an opinion about them before knowing the relevant facts, usually in a negative way based on their group memberships. Stereotypes simplify our social world by reducing people to overgeneralized ideas about their group but can lead to prejudice when we assume certain characteristics of individuals based on their perceived group. Common types of prejudice include those based on gender, ethnicity/race, class, age, sexual orientation, disability, and more. It is important to be aware of our own prejudices and stereotypical thinking in order to prevent discrimination.
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Cognitive schemas can result in stereotypes and contribute to prejudice.
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Prejudice refers to preconceived, usually unfavorable judgments toward people or groups based on characteristics such as gender, race, religion or nationality. Early psychological research in the 1920s viewed prejudice as natural and sought to prove white supremacy, but perspectives changed in the 1930s-1940s with concerns about anti-Semitism. Prejudice and discrimination can occur on the basis of race, gender, social class, religion, age, language, nationality, species and other attributes, and controversies often arise regarding topics like nationalism, racism, classism and multiculturalism.
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This document presents a summary of a presentation on social prejudice. It defines prejudice as a negative attitude toward members of a group based on their membership in that group rather than individual characteristics. It discusses different types of social prejudice like racism, sexism, and homophobia. It explores social and emotional sources of prejudice, like unequal status and social identity or negative emotions. The document also examines how prejudice can affect the workplace by demotivating employees and reducing efficiency and productivity.
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Prejudice is defined as a negative attitude toward people in a group based solely on their membership in that group. It has three components - cognitive, emotional, and behavioral. Stereotypes are generalizations about groups that assign traits to all members. Contact with outgroup members tends to reduce prejudice when it occurs in a context of mutual interdependence, common goals, equal status, and supportive social norms of equality. Discrimination refers to unjustified negative actions toward a group. Prejudice can be measured explicitly through surveys or implicitly through reaction time tests. The cognitive and implicit emotional components of prejudice can operate automatically through stereotypes while the behavioral component involves conscious discrimination.
Q3L06 - Prejudice and Discrimination
Prejudice and discrimination can take many forms, from subtle to extreme. Prejudice involves unfavorable attitudes toward social groups, while discrimination involves harmful actions directed at those groups. Studies have found discrimination in areas like housing (LaPiere, 1934) and implicit biases in automatic cognition (IAT). Prejudice can be based on attributes such as sex, race, age, sexual orientation, and disability status. It may take overt forms like hate speech or physical attack, or more subtle forms like tokenism or reluctance to help. Discrimination has damaging effects and is illegal in many places, but implicit or unconscious biases still exist and can influence behavior.
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This document discusses various forms of discrimination including racism, sexism, discrimination based on socioeconomic status, appearance, sexual orientation, and mental illness. It provides definitions and examples of different types of racism, sexism, and bullying. It also summarizes Jane Elliott's famous "Blue Eyes/Brown Eyes" experiment on discrimination and discusses how discrimination can be addressed in the classroom through education and setting a positive example of inclusion and respect.
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This document discusses diversity in the world and defines prejudice, stereotyping, discrimination, and the harms they cause. It provides examples of direct and indirect discrimination based on attributes like age, disability, gender, race, and religion. Discrimination can negatively impact people physically, emotionally, socially, and financially by causing anxiety, depression, loss of interest and withdrawal. It also lowers productivity in businesses and societies by creating disgruntled and distrustful employees. Strong laws exist to protect against discrimination, and prevention requires open-minded parenting, education of children about appreciating differences, and fostering respect for all people.
Hate, Stereotyping, & Prejudice
The document discusses different forms of prejudice, stereotyping, hate, and racism. It defines prejudice as antipathy based on faulty generalizations towards a group or individual because of their group membership. It describes four theories of prejudice: exploitation theory, scapegoating theory, authoritarian personality theory, and structural theory. It also examines what psychological needs prejudice fulfills for people and the differences between prejudice and discrimination.
Stereotypes 2018
This document discusses stereotypes from several perspectives:
1. It defines stereotypes as generalizations made about groups that get applied to individuals. Several theories on the origins of stereotypes are presented, including social categorization and the "grain of truth" hypothesis.
2. Research is summarized that shows how holding stereotypes can impact perceptions and expectations of others. Studies demonstrate stereotypes influence judgments of intelligence and ability.
3. Additional research shows how knowing stereotypes exist about one's own group can negatively impact performance through "stereotype threat."
4. The document ends by reviewing studies on ways stereotypes may be overcome, such as exposing children to counter-stereotypical media portrayals and increasing awareness of implicit biases
Stereotypes, Prejudice and Discrimination in Psychology
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Chap2 culture
The document discusses various frameworks for analyzing and classifying culture, including:
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3) Trompenaars' seven dimensions of culture which examines universalism vs particularism, individualism vs communitarianism, and achievement vs ascription.
4) The frameworks provide tools for understanding differences in cultural values but also have limitations as cultures are complex and constantly changing.
Speech151chapters2and4
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Speech151chapters2and4
Does not contribute ideas, just
helps others
Dominator: Tries to control the group
Joker: Clowns around and distracts the
group
Withdrawer: Does not participate or
contribute
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Presentation1
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Ch4
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Teaching Diverse Adult Learners
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Cultural values
The document summarizes key concepts related to cultural values and attitudes, including:
1) Attitudes help predict and explain behavior and are evaluations based on personal and social influences. Values are basic principles that guide one's orientation to life.
2) Cultural dimensions identified in the GLOBE study include uncertainty avoidance, power distance, collectivism, and their influence on communication patterns across societies.
3) The GLOBE study grouped countries into clusters based on shared cultural characteristics, such as individualism in Anglo countries and collectivism in Asian societies.
Mentoring Diverse Students, Winter 2012
Workshop for UTEP faculty held by Dr. Lorraine Gutierrez from the University of Michigan's MORE Program in January 2012.
Eddy Sumars presentation
The document discusses the importance of understanding culture for successful intercultural business communication and trade. It defines culture and explains that culture is deeply ingrained in people's behaviors, values and perceptions. It highlights that understanding differences in cultural dimensions such as power distance, individualism, and approaches to time and communication styles is critical to avoiding risks and having rewarding intercultural interactions.
Chapter 12 Ppt
This document discusses several issues and trends in education including curriculum, standards and testing, and shifts in educational thought. It notes that educational reform must address political, social, philosophical, cultural, moral and spiritual aspects of education while respecting diversity. It also discusses views on the role of parents, schools, and communities in a child's education. The passage advocates for schools that provide freedom for students to explore openly and honor each student's experiences and abilities.
cultural competency training for schools.ppsx
The document discusses cultural competency as presented by the Commission on Human Rights and Opportunities. It defines cultural competency as understanding and valuing diversity while managing cultural differences. It explains that cultural competency is important for improving student outcomes, building relationships, and creating inclusive experiences. The document provides definitions of key terms like culture, ethnicity, race, and gender identity. It also discusses concepts like implicit bias, stereotypes, and microaggressions. Strategies for developing cultural competency include recognizing implicit biases, having an open mindset, respecting individuality, and involving diverse groups.
Chancellor's Academy Presentation
The document summarizes a social justice class at UHS where students engaged in youth participatory action research to examine social justice issues at their school. In the first half of the class, students learned about identity, power, and social justice concepts. In the second half, students researched topics like teacher-student relationships, dress code enforcement, and honors course enrollment. Students presented their findings and recommendations to administrators through posters, letters, and presentations. They aim to continue this work to enact positive change at their school.
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Ethical issues for administrators power point session 3 fa2018.bb
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Cultural Differences and Unconscious Bias: An Introduction to Becoming Cultur...
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American values & assumptions1
- 1. PRESENTATION ON ‘AMERICAN VALUES AND ASSUMPTIONS’ GARY ALTHEN
- 2. Group Members A- Leader R - Editor N A R S
- 3. Table of Contents: Intercultural Communication Gary Althen American Values and Assumptions Introduction to The Text Values and Assumption Individualism Competition Privacy Equality Informality The Future, Change and Progress Time Achievement, Action, Work, and Materialism Directness and Assertiveness Conclusion
- 4. Intercultural Communication Synonymous to cross cultural communication Seeks to understand how people - Act - Communicate - Perceive
- 5. Gary Althen Served for 30 years as a foreign student adviser (University of Iowa) Received Marita Houlihan Award for his contributions to the field of international educational exchange. President of NAFSA, the Association of International Educators.
- 6. American Values And Assumptions Excerpted from American Ways: A Guide for Foreigners in the United States Writings: The Handbook of Foreign Student Advising (1983) American Ways: A Guide for Foreigners in the United States (1988)
- 7. Introduction to The Text Personal experiences. Difference in values and assumptions Beliefs and customs Seems normal in one and strange in another Problems resulting from cross-cultural variation
- 8. Values and Assumptions Values: Ideas what are right or wrong, desirable or undesirable, normal or abnormal and proper or improper Assumptions: The unquestioned standards about people and life; what we suppose or think
- 9. Individualism Devotion to individualism Consider themselves separate individuals Responsible for the consequences Not trained to see themselves as members of an interdependent family or religious group.
- 10. Competition Pervades the society Attainment of superiority Maintaining uniqueness.
- 11. Privacy Love their privacy Friend seekers are considered weak and dependent When the boundary is crossed they become aloof.
- 12. Equality ‘All men are created equal’ ‘One man one vote’ Basic level of respectful treatment Unaware of status differences
- 13. Informality Democratic approach to other people Use of slang and idiomatic speech Extravagant friendliness Informality is normality
- 14. Future Change and Progress Look ahead Setting goals and working systematically New things are better than old things Believe in work rather than in fate
- 15. Time Time is money Admire well organized people Human interactions are truly important Constructive future oriented activities
- 16. Achievement, Action, Work And Materialism Admiration of achievers - People judged by their jobs Materialistic in nature -Earning is must for evaluation of success
- 17. Directness And Assertiveness Straight forward and frank Speak up the mind Guarding emotional responses Considerate
- 18. Conclusion Individualism vs. Family Equality vs. Inequality Punctuality vs. Unpunctuality Informal vs. Formal
- 19. The Floor is Open For Questions…..
- 20. THANK YOU!