The document summarizes the history and development of New York City from its origins as a Dutch trading post called New Amsterdam in the 1600s. It discusses how New York grew into a major city and economic center under British rule after 1700. In the 1800s, figures like Alexander Hamilton, John Astor, Dewitt Clinton, and Theodore Roosevelt helped develop New York's economy and infrastructure, expanding the city through the acquisition of surrounding areas. The document also briefly outlines the growth of Chicago in the late 1800s, fueled by industry and the development of skyscrapers.

1. American Urbanization and New York City By: Audria Muscara