Alcoholism has genetic, personality, and environmental risk factors. It is characterized by impaired control over alcohol use and dependence. Signs include tolerance, withdrawal, neglecting responsibilities, and continued use despite harm. Complications involve the liver, brain, heart, pancreas, and mental health. Treatment focuses on detoxification, counseling, support groups, and preventing relapse. The long-term prognosis remains guarded as 30% relapse within a year of stopping heavy drinking.