The document discusses the properties and benefits of using Alccofine and fly ash in high performance concrete. It finds that concrete with Alccofine has higher workability, strength, and durability than concrete with silica fume. Testing showed concrete with Alccofine had higher compressive strength, lower water permeability, and less chloride penetration compared to concrete with silica fume. The document attributes these benefits to Alccofine producing a denser pore structure through its ultrafine particles and chemical makeup.
- Cement is tested in the field to check for lumps, consistency, and ability to float in water.
- Laboratory tests include setting time, soundness, fineness, and strength. Setting time tests use a Vicat apparatus to check initial and final set. Soundness tests use a Le Chatelier apparatus to check for expansion. Fineness is measured by the Blaine air permeability test. Strength is measured through compressive testing of cement mortar cubes.
- Common cement types include ordinary Portland cement, rapid hardening cement, sulphate resisting cement, Portland slag cement, and Portland pozzolana cement made by intergrinding clinker with fly ash or calcined clay.
This document presents information about vacuum concrete from a seminar. It introduces vacuum concrete as a technique to remove excess water from concrete to improve strength. It discusses the need for vacuum concrete to balance the contradictory requirements of workability and high strength. The key equipment used includes a vacuum pump, water separator, and filtering pads. Vacuum concrete can increase strength by 25% and is used in industrial floors, bridges, and other infrastructure. While it increases strength and durability, vacuum concrete has higher initial costs and requires specialized equipment and trained labor.
This document discusses silica fume, a byproduct of silicon and ferrosilicon metal production that is used to improve the properties of concrete. It defines silica fume and notes its amorphous structure and small particle size. The document outlines the metals that produce silica fume and lists its physical properties. It then explains how silica fume provides technical advantages and resource conservation when added to concrete, increasing its strength, density, and durability while reducing permeability. The document presents data showing increased concrete strengths from silica fume additions and notes its benefits for corrosion protection. It also discusses environmental benefits and cautions of using silica fume in concrete.
Field tests are carried out on cement at construction sites to assess quality. Some key field tests include checking for lumps, color, texture when rubbed between fingers, and reaction when mixed with water. Additional tests involve making a cement paste block, curing it for 24 hours underwater and checking for cracks, as well as casting a cement block, curing it for 7 days underwater, and loading it to check for failure. While field tests are lower cost and more convenient than laboratory tests, they only provide a rough assessment of quality and cannot measure all engineering properties.
This presentation gives a brief introduction on FRC's history, definition and why is it used. Types of FRC's and it's applications is explained in detail in later stages.Also, it covers various properties that affects FRC and a Case study in end.
This document discusses different types of special concretes, including light weight concrete, aerated concrete, and no fines concrete. It provides details on the properties and production methods of these concretes. Light weight concrete has lower density than normal concrete, which provides benefits like reduced structural weight. Aerated concrete is made by introducing air bubbles into cement mortar, creating a lightweight cellular structure. No fines concrete omits fine aggregates, consisting of only cement, coarse aggregates, and water. These special concretes are used for applications requiring specific properties like lower density or higher insulation.
This presentation includes in how many ways plastic can be used in soil stabilization. It covers how a waste material can be used without any additional increase in cost.
- Cement is tested in the field to check for lumps, consistency, and ability to float in water.
- Laboratory tests include setting time, soundness, fineness, and strength. Setting time tests use a Vicat apparatus to check initial and final set. Soundness tests use a Le Chatelier apparatus to check for expansion. Fineness is measured by the Blaine air permeability test. Strength is measured through compressive testing of cement mortar cubes.
- Common cement types include ordinary Portland cement, rapid hardening cement, sulphate resisting cement, Portland slag cement, and Portland pozzolana cement made by intergrinding clinker with fly ash or calcined clay.
This document presents information about vacuum concrete from a seminar. It introduces vacuum concrete as a technique to remove excess water from concrete to improve strength. It discusses the need for vacuum concrete to balance the contradictory requirements of workability and high strength. The key equipment used includes a vacuum pump, water separator, and filtering pads. Vacuum concrete can increase strength by 25% and is used in industrial floors, bridges, and other infrastructure. While it increases strength and durability, vacuum concrete has higher initial costs and requires specialized equipment and trained labor.
This document discusses silica fume, a byproduct of silicon and ferrosilicon metal production that is used to improve the properties of concrete. It defines silica fume and notes its amorphous structure and small particle size. The document outlines the metals that produce silica fume and lists its physical properties. It then explains how silica fume provides technical advantages and resource conservation when added to concrete, increasing its strength, density, and durability while reducing permeability. The document presents data showing increased concrete strengths from silica fume additions and notes its benefits for corrosion protection. It also discusses environmental benefits and cautions of using silica fume in concrete.
Field tests are carried out on cement at construction sites to assess quality. Some key field tests include checking for lumps, color, texture when rubbed between fingers, and reaction when mixed with water. Additional tests involve making a cement paste block, curing it for 24 hours underwater and checking for cracks, as well as casting a cement block, curing it for 7 days underwater, and loading it to check for failure. While field tests are lower cost and more convenient than laboratory tests, they only provide a rough assessment of quality and cannot measure all engineering properties.
This presentation gives a brief introduction on FRC's history, definition and why is it used. Types of FRC's and it's applications is explained in detail in later stages.Also, it covers various properties that affects FRC and a Case study in end.
This document discusses different types of special concretes, including light weight concrete, aerated concrete, and no fines concrete. It provides details on the properties and production methods of these concretes. Light weight concrete has lower density than normal concrete, which provides benefits like reduced structural weight. Aerated concrete is made by introducing air bubbles into cement mortar, creating a lightweight cellular structure. No fines concrete omits fine aggregates, consisting of only cement, coarse aggregates, and water. These special concretes are used for applications requiring specific properties like lower density or higher insulation.
This presentation includes in how many ways plastic can be used in soil stabilization. It covers how a waste material can be used without any additional increase in cost.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was developed in Japan in the 1980s to solve issues with inadequate concrete compaction. SCC is highly flowable under its own weight and fills formwork without vibration. It was pioneered by Professor Hajime Okamura and has seen increasing use globally since 2000. The document discusses the constituents, properties, testing, and advantages of SCC compared to traditional vibrated concrete.
This document discusses the components, classification, properties, workability, and strength testing of concrete. Concrete is made up of cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, air, and water. It can be classified as hardened or fresh concrete. The properties of fresh concrete include workability, segregation, and bleeding, while hardened concrete properties include strength, impermeability, durability, and dimensional variations. Workability is tested using slump, compaction factor, and Vebe tests. Compressive strength of hardened concrete is tested using cube or cylinder tests.
Special concrete is used when special properties are more important than normal concrete properties. It is produced using chemical and mineral admixtures added to conventional concrete mixes. There are several types of special concrete including lightweight concrete, high strength concrete, fibre reinforced concrete, ferrocement, ready mix concrete, and others. Each type has specific properties and uses in construction where standard concrete is not suitable.
Here, I attach a PowerPoint presentation created by me for a competition held by UltraTech. Have a look at this and feel free to share your views with me.
this slide about new Technics design sefl compecting concrete. it dose not required for compaction. its best to apply where compaction is not possible or critical.
This document discusses structural lightweight concrete. It begins by defining lightweight concrete and noting its lighter weight compared to conventional concrete. It then discusses properties like compressive strength and water absorption tested at different densities, foam percentages, and water-cement ratios. Applications include construction, vessels, and roof decks. Advantages include reduced weight and transportation costs, while disadvantages include sensitivity to water and difficulty in placement. A case study examines the Wellington Stadium project in New Zealand, where lightweight concrete allowed rapid construction in a seismic area with poor foundation conditions.
The document discusses fiber reinforced concrete (FRC), including different types of fibers used (steel, glass, synthetic), their properties, and applications. Steel fiber reinforced concrete uses thin steel wires to improve structural strength and reduce cracking. Glass fiber reinforced concrete uses fiberglass for insulation and crack prevention. Synthetic fibers like plastic and nylon improve properties like pumpability and prevent cracking and spalling. FRC provides benefits like increased tensile strength, energy absorption, impact resistance, and wear resistance. Common uses include highways, hydraulic structures, and precast applications.
This document outlines the terms and conditions for a rental agreement between John Doe and Jane Smith for the property located at 123 Main St. It specifies the monthly rental rate of $1,000 due on the 1st of each month, the security deposit of $500, and responsibilities of landlord and tenant for repairs and maintenance. The initial lease term is one year beginning January 1st.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was developed in Japan in the 1980s to achieve complete compaction without vibration. SCC flows under its own weight, fills formwork and passes through reinforced areas without segregation of ingredients. It consists of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, chemical and mineral admixtures. Superplasticizers and viscosity modifying agents provide workability and stability. Tests like slump flow, V-funnel, and J-ring evaluate filling ability, passing ability and resistance to segregation. SCC offers benefits of reduced labor, better compaction and surface finish compared to conventional concrete but requires more precise material proportions and quality control.
This document discusses translucent concrete, also known as light transmitting concrete. It begins with an introduction describing translucent concrete as a material that allows light to pass through it due to the uniform distribution of optical fibers throughout. The document then covers the history, materials used, working principle, manufacturing process, applications and advantages/disadvantages of translucent concrete. In conclusion, it states that translucent concrete is an emerging green building material that provides both aesthetic and structural benefits.
The document discusses various tests used to evaluate the properties of fresh and hardened concrete, including slump tests, compaction factor tests, Vee-Bee consistometer tests, flow tests, and Kelly ball tests for fresh concrete workability. Hardened concrete is evaluated using rebound hammer tests to estimate compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests to assess quality. A case study describes a reinforced concrete structure collapse due to design flaws in accounting for beam-column joint forces, inadequate reinforcement detailing, and omitted column links.
Fibre reinforced concrete has fibres added to increase its tensile strength and crack resistance. It has higher ductility, toughness, and post-cracking capacity compared to normal concrete. Various fibre types can be used including steel, glass, carbon and natural fibres. The fibres control cracking, increase strength and durability. Proper fibre volume, aspect ratio and distribution are needed to achieve optimal mechanical properties in the fibre reinforced concrete. Its applications include pavements, structural elements and precast construction.
This document discusses steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC). SFRC increases the structural integrity of concrete by adding short, discrete steel fibers that are uniformly distributed and randomly oriented. The document outlines the materials used including cement, aggregates, water, and steel fibers. It describes the mix design process and percentages of steel fibers tested. Beams and cubes were cast with the concrete mixtures and cured before testing to determine the compressive and flexural strengths of the SFRC. The results and conclusions are summarized, with references provided.
Transparent concrete is a concrete based building material with light-Tran missive properties due to embedded light optical elements usually Optical fibres. Light is conducted through the stone from one end to the other. Therefore the fibres have to go through the whole object. Transparent concrete is also known as the translucent concrete and light transmitting concrete because of its properties. It is used in fine architecture as a facade material and for cladding of interior walls. In this paper, to integrate the merits of concrete and optical fibre, for developing transparent concrete by arranging the high numerical aperture Plastic Optical Fibres (POF) or big diameter glass optical fibre into concrete. The main purpose is to use sunlight as a light source to reduce the power consumption of illumination and to use the optical fiber to sense the stress of structures and also use this concrete as an architectural purpose for good aesthetical view of the building.
This document provides an overview of ready-mix concrete (RMC). It discusses the history and development of RMC, which originated in Germany in 1903 and was first used in the United States in 1913. The document outlines the objectives, materials, equipment, and processes involved in RMC production. Key points include that RMC is a premixed concrete that uses aggregates, cement, water and sometimes additives. It is produced in batching plants then transported and mixed in transit mixers for delivery. The document also reviews quality checks, specifications, merits and limitations of using RMC.
This document summarizes tests performed on fresh and hardened concrete. For fresh concrete, tests included the compaction factor test, slump test, and Vee-Bee test to measure workability. For hardened concrete, non-destructive tests like rebound hammer, ultrasonic pulse velocity and destructive compression tests were performed. The compression test resulted in a compressive strength of 19.39MPa, lower than desired, indicating the quality of the hardened concrete. Various properties of hardened concrete can also be analyzed over time using smart sensor chips embedded in samples.
Study on effect of Alccofine & Fly ash addition on the Mechanical properties ...ijsrd.com
This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation carried out for M-70 Grad Concrete and to evaluate the compressive strength and Flexural Strength of Concrete. High Performance Concrete is made by partial replacement of cement by alccofine, fly ash, silica fume. In this study the Class F fly ash used in various proportions 20 to 35%, alccofine 4 to 14% and silica fume 4% to 14% by weight of cement. The mix proportions of concrete had a water binder ratio for Alccofine mix concrete 0.30 and Silica-fume mix concrete 0.32.super plasticizer was added based on the required degree of workability. The total binder content was 600 kg/m3. The concrete specimens were cured on normal moist curing under normal atmospheric temperature. The compressive strength was determined at 7 , 28 , 56 days and flexural strength was determined at 28 and 56 days The results indicate the concrete made with these proportions generally show excellent fresh and hardened properties. The addition of Alccofine, silica fume shows early strength gaining property and that of fly ash shows a long term strength. The ternary system that is Portland cement-fly ash-Alccofine concrete was found to increase the compressive strength of concrete on all age when compared to concrete made with Portland cement-fly ash-silica fume.
Fly ash and silica fume concrete mix design Saiduluthota
This document discusses using fly ash and silica fume as partial replacements for cement in concrete. It outlines the objectives to study their effects on compressive strength and find optimal replacement percentages. The methodology describes casting specimens with 0%, 30%, and 40% fly ash replacement and 15%, 20% silica fume replacement. Test results showed that compressive strength generally increased with age but decreased with higher replacement levels initially before surpassing plain concrete at later ages. Both fly ash and silica fume concretes exhibited lower permeability. The conclusion is that pozzolanic replacements can improve water permeability and mechanical properties of concrete.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was developed in Japan in the 1980s to solve issues with inadequate concrete compaction. SCC is highly flowable under its own weight and fills formwork without vibration. It was pioneered by Professor Hajime Okamura and has seen increasing use globally since 2000. The document discusses the constituents, properties, testing, and advantages of SCC compared to traditional vibrated concrete.
This document discusses the components, classification, properties, workability, and strength testing of concrete. Concrete is made up of cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, air, and water. It can be classified as hardened or fresh concrete. The properties of fresh concrete include workability, segregation, and bleeding, while hardened concrete properties include strength, impermeability, durability, and dimensional variations. Workability is tested using slump, compaction factor, and Vebe tests. Compressive strength of hardened concrete is tested using cube or cylinder tests.
Special concrete is used when special properties are more important than normal concrete properties. It is produced using chemical and mineral admixtures added to conventional concrete mixes. There are several types of special concrete including lightweight concrete, high strength concrete, fibre reinforced concrete, ferrocement, ready mix concrete, and others. Each type has specific properties and uses in construction where standard concrete is not suitable.
Here, I attach a PowerPoint presentation created by me for a competition held by UltraTech. Have a look at this and feel free to share your views with me.
this slide about new Technics design sefl compecting concrete. it dose not required for compaction. its best to apply where compaction is not possible or critical.
This document discusses structural lightweight concrete. It begins by defining lightweight concrete and noting its lighter weight compared to conventional concrete. It then discusses properties like compressive strength and water absorption tested at different densities, foam percentages, and water-cement ratios. Applications include construction, vessels, and roof decks. Advantages include reduced weight and transportation costs, while disadvantages include sensitivity to water and difficulty in placement. A case study examines the Wellington Stadium project in New Zealand, where lightweight concrete allowed rapid construction in a seismic area with poor foundation conditions.
The document discusses fiber reinforced concrete (FRC), including different types of fibers used (steel, glass, synthetic), their properties, and applications. Steel fiber reinforced concrete uses thin steel wires to improve structural strength and reduce cracking. Glass fiber reinforced concrete uses fiberglass for insulation and crack prevention. Synthetic fibers like plastic and nylon improve properties like pumpability and prevent cracking and spalling. FRC provides benefits like increased tensile strength, energy absorption, impact resistance, and wear resistance. Common uses include highways, hydraulic structures, and precast applications.
This document outlines the terms and conditions for a rental agreement between John Doe and Jane Smith for the property located at 123 Main St. It specifies the monthly rental rate of $1,000 due on the 1st of each month, the security deposit of $500, and responsibilities of landlord and tenant for repairs and maintenance. The initial lease term is one year beginning January 1st.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was developed in Japan in the 1980s to achieve complete compaction without vibration. SCC flows under its own weight, fills formwork and passes through reinforced areas without segregation of ingredients. It consists of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, chemical and mineral admixtures. Superplasticizers and viscosity modifying agents provide workability and stability. Tests like slump flow, V-funnel, and J-ring evaluate filling ability, passing ability and resistance to segregation. SCC offers benefits of reduced labor, better compaction and surface finish compared to conventional concrete but requires more precise material proportions and quality control.
This document discusses translucent concrete, also known as light transmitting concrete. It begins with an introduction describing translucent concrete as a material that allows light to pass through it due to the uniform distribution of optical fibers throughout. The document then covers the history, materials used, working principle, manufacturing process, applications and advantages/disadvantages of translucent concrete. In conclusion, it states that translucent concrete is an emerging green building material that provides both aesthetic and structural benefits.
The document discusses various tests used to evaluate the properties of fresh and hardened concrete, including slump tests, compaction factor tests, Vee-Bee consistometer tests, flow tests, and Kelly ball tests for fresh concrete workability. Hardened concrete is evaluated using rebound hammer tests to estimate compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests to assess quality. A case study describes a reinforced concrete structure collapse due to design flaws in accounting for beam-column joint forces, inadequate reinforcement detailing, and omitted column links.
Fibre reinforced concrete has fibres added to increase its tensile strength and crack resistance. It has higher ductility, toughness, and post-cracking capacity compared to normal concrete. Various fibre types can be used including steel, glass, carbon and natural fibres. The fibres control cracking, increase strength and durability. Proper fibre volume, aspect ratio and distribution are needed to achieve optimal mechanical properties in the fibre reinforced concrete. Its applications include pavements, structural elements and precast construction.
This document discusses steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC). SFRC increases the structural integrity of concrete by adding short, discrete steel fibers that are uniformly distributed and randomly oriented. The document outlines the materials used including cement, aggregates, water, and steel fibers. It describes the mix design process and percentages of steel fibers tested. Beams and cubes were cast with the concrete mixtures and cured before testing to determine the compressive and flexural strengths of the SFRC. The results and conclusions are summarized, with references provided.
Transparent concrete is a concrete based building material with light-Tran missive properties due to embedded light optical elements usually Optical fibres. Light is conducted through the stone from one end to the other. Therefore the fibres have to go through the whole object. Transparent concrete is also known as the translucent concrete and light transmitting concrete because of its properties. It is used in fine architecture as a facade material and for cladding of interior walls. In this paper, to integrate the merits of concrete and optical fibre, for developing transparent concrete by arranging the high numerical aperture Plastic Optical Fibres (POF) or big diameter glass optical fibre into concrete. The main purpose is to use sunlight as a light source to reduce the power consumption of illumination and to use the optical fiber to sense the stress of structures and also use this concrete as an architectural purpose for good aesthetical view of the building.
This document provides an overview of ready-mix concrete (RMC). It discusses the history and development of RMC, which originated in Germany in 1903 and was first used in the United States in 1913. The document outlines the objectives, materials, equipment, and processes involved in RMC production. Key points include that RMC is a premixed concrete that uses aggregates, cement, water and sometimes additives. It is produced in batching plants then transported and mixed in transit mixers for delivery. The document also reviews quality checks, specifications, merits and limitations of using RMC.
This document summarizes tests performed on fresh and hardened concrete. For fresh concrete, tests included the compaction factor test, slump test, and Vee-Bee test to measure workability. For hardened concrete, non-destructive tests like rebound hammer, ultrasonic pulse velocity and destructive compression tests were performed. The compression test resulted in a compressive strength of 19.39MPa, lower than desired, indicating the quality of the hardened concrete. Various properties of hardened concrete can also be analyzed over time using smart sensor chips embedded in samples.
Study on effect of Alccofine & Fly ash addition on the Mechanical properties ...ijsrd.com
This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation carried out for M-70 Grad Concrete and to evaluate the compressive strength and Flexural Strength of Concrete. High Performance Concrete is made by partial replacement of cement by alccofine, fly ash, silica fume. In this study the Class F fly ash used in various proportions 20 to 35%, alccofine 4 to 14% and silica fume 4% to 14% by weight of cement. The mix proportions of concrete had a water binder ratio for Alccofine mix concrete 0.30 and Silica-fume mix concrete 0.32.super plasticizer was added based on the required degree of workability. The total binder content was 600 kg/m3. The concrete specimens were cured on normal moist curing under normal atmospheric temperature. The compressive strength was determined at 7 , 28 , 56 days and flexural strength was determined at 28 and 56 days The results indicate the concrete made with these proportions generally show excellent fresh and hardened properties. The addition of Alccofine, silica fume shows early strength gaining property and that of fly ash shows a long term strength. The ternary system that is Portland cement-fly ash-Alccofine concrete was found to increase the compressive strength of concrete on all age when compared to concrete made with Portland cement-fly ash-silica fume.
Fly ash and silica fume concrete mix design Saiduluthota
This document discusses using fly ash and silica fume as partial replacements for cement in concrete. It outlines the objectives to study their effects on compressive strength and find optimal replacement percentages. The methodology describes casting specimens with 0%, 30%, and 40% fly ash replacement and 15%, 20% silica fume replacement. Test results showed that compressive strength generally increased with age but decreased with higher replacement levels initially before surpassing plain concrete at later ages. Both fly ash and silica fume concretes exhibited lower permeability. The conclusion is that pozzolanic replacements can improve water permeability and mechanical properties of concrete.
Effect of Alccofine and Fly Ash Addition on the Durability of High Performanc...ijsrd.com
The aim of this Study is to evaluate the performance of concrete (HPC) containing supplementary cementitious materials such as Fly ash & Alccofine. The necessity of high performance concrete is increasing because of demands in the construction industry. Efforts for improving the performance of concrete over the past few years suggest that cement replacement materials along with Mineral & chemical admixtures can improve the strength and durability characteristics of concrete. Alccofine (GGBS) and Fly ash are pozzolanic materials that can be utilized to produce highly durable concrete composites. This study investigates the performance of concrete mixture containing Local Alccofine. in terms of Compressive strength, Sulphate Attack tests, Alkali test and RCPT (Rapid chloride penetration test) at age of 28 and 56 days. In addition find out the optimum dosage of alccofine and fly ash from that get M70 Strength, in final mix proportion perform a given test. Result show that concrete incorporating Alccofine and fly ash had higher compressive strength and alccofine enhanced the durability of concretes and reduced the chloride diffusion. An exponential relationship between chloride permeability and compressive strength of concrete is exhibited.
The document presents the results of an experimental study investigating the use of silica fume as a partial replacement for cement in high performance concrete. Various mix proportions were tested with silica fume replacement levels ranging from 0% to 12.5%. Specimens including cubes, beams, and cylinders were cast and tested at 7, 14, and 28 days to evaluate the compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength of the concrete mixtures. The study found that replacing 7.5% of the cement with silica fume produced concrete with sufficient strength for construction purposes while also reducing the amount of cement used, providing economic and sustainability benefits.
An Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of Concrete with P...IJMER
One of the approaches in improving the durability of concrete is to use blended cement
materials such as fly ash, silica fume, slag and more recently, metakaolin.. This study presents the results
of different mechanical properties of concrete such as compressive strength, split tensile strength and
flexural concrete by partially replacing cement with metakaolin and silica fume. The replacement of
metakaolin is varied from 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% and silica fume from 6%, 8% and 10%. The property
of concrete in fresh state, that is the workability is also studied during the present investigation.The
optimum doses of silica fume and metakaolin in combination were found to be 6% and 15% (by weight)
respectively, when used as part replacement of ordinary Portland cement.
IRJET- Study on the Physical Properties of Concrete Prepared with Partial...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the physical properties of concrete prepared with partial replacement of cement by waste materials such as alccofine, GGBS, and meta-kaoline. The study found that replacing cement with:
1) Alccofine up to 10% increased compressive strength but strength started reducing after 10% replacement.
2) GGBS up to 15% increased compressive strength but strength started reducing after 15% replacement.
3) Meta-kaoline up to 10% increased compressive strength but strength started reducing after 10% replacement.
The study concluded that these waste materials can partially replace cement in concrete up to certain thresholds to increase strength, but replacing beyond
Effects of Silica Fume and Fly Ash as Partial Replacement of Cement on Water ...idescitation
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of silica fume and fly ash as partial replacements for cement on the water permeability and strength of high performance concrete. Seven mix designs were tested for each material, with silica fume replacing 0-20% of cement and fly ash replacing 0-30%. Test results found that mixes with 10% silica fume and 20% fly ash exhibited the lowest water penetration depths at 11mm and 15mm, respectively. Mixes with 7.5% silica fume and 10% fly ash achieved the highest compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths. The results indicate that partial replacement of cement with these industrial byproducts can improve the strength and water permeability
An Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of Concrete with Pa...ijsrd.com
One of the approaches in improving the durability of concrete is to use blended cement materials such as fly ash, silica fume, slag and more recently, metakaolin. By changing the chemistry and microstructure of concrete, pozzolans reduce the capillary porosity of the cementitious system and make them less permeable to exterior chemical sources as well as reducing the internal chemical incompatilities such as alkali-silica reaction. The concrete industry is known to leave an enormous environmental footprint on Planet Earth. First, there are the sheer volumes of material needed to produce the billions of tons of concrete worldwide each year. Then there are the CO2 emissions caused during the production of Portland cement. Together with the energy requirements, water consumption and generation of construction and demolition waste, these factors contribute to the general appearance that concrete is not particularly environmentally friendly or compatible with the demands of sustainable development. Thus, use of these supplementary cementitious materials can reduce the effects of cement causing severe environmental impact. This study presents the results of different mechanical properties of concrete such as compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural concrete by partially replacing cement with metakaolin and silica fume. The replacement of metakaolin is varied from 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% and silica fume from 6%, 8% and 10%. The property of concrete in fresh state that is the workability is also studied during the present investigation. The optimum doses of silica fume and metakaolin in combination were found to be 6% and 15% (by weight) respectively, when used as part replacement of ordinary Portland cement.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STRENGTH OF CONCRETE WITH PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEM...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on the strength of concrete with partial replacement of cement by Alccofine and fine aggregate by copper slag. Cubes and cylinders of M50 grade concrete were cast with 0-18% cement replacement by Alccofine and 0-66% fine aggregate replacement by copper slag. Testing included slump, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength at 7 and 28 days. Results showed workability decreases with higher replacement levels due to increased water demand. Compressive strength increased up to 12% cement replacement by Alccofine and 44% fine aggregate replacement by copper slag but then decreased at higher replacement levels. The optimum mix for strength and economy was found to
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
EFFECT OF SILICA FUME ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF.pptxfalakfarooq1
This document summarizes research on the effect of silica fume on the compressive strength of concrete and its impact on structures. It finds that adding silica fume, a byproduct of silicon and ferrosilicon production, increases compressive strength, abrasion resistance, bond strength, and corrosion protection. The document describes the physical and chemical properties of silica fume and its effects on porosity, compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength of hardened concrete. It also discusses major Indian projects using silica fume concrete and the advantages of silica fume for concrete applications.
Development of mix design for high strength Concrete with AdmixturesIOSR Journals
This paper presents the result of mix design developed for high strength concrete with silica fume
and High range water reducing admixture (HRWR). It involves the process of determining experimentally the
most suitable concrete mixes in order to achieve the targeted mean strength. In this research work 53 grade
ordinary Portland cement, the locally available river sand, 10 mm graded coarse aggregate were selected based
on ASTM C 127 standard for determining the relative quantities and proportions for the grade of concrete M60.
For this design ACI 211.4R-93 guidelines were followed. Totally Five mixes were designed one mix was treated
as basic mix with HRWR - 0.5% without silica fume, Four mixes were designed with Micro silica quantities
varied from 5 to 9 percent weight of cementitious materials and HRWR varies between 0.6% to 0.9% with
increment of 0.1% . Each mix 2 numbers of 150mm x 300 mm cylinders were cast then kept in curing tank after
24 hours of time period. After 28 days of curing the specimens were tested and the appropriate mix proportions
were obtained.
Study on flexural behaviour of Self compacting concrete using alccofineIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the flexural behavior of self-compacting concrete using Alccofine, an ultrafine mineral admixture. Cement in self-compacting concrete mixes was partially replaced with 10% Alccofine. Beams made with the Alccofine mix showed similar load-deflection behavior and achieved failure loads comparable to control beams made with conventional self-compacting concrete. The results indicate that Alccofine can be effectively used to partially replace cement in self-compacting concrete with similar flexural performance.
This study investigated concrete mixes made with partial replacements of cement by ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and silica fume. Tests were conducted to determine the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths of mixes with 20-50% GGBFS and 5-10% silica fume. The mixes were designed to M30 grade and tested at 7, 14, and 28 days. Results showed that mixes with 30-40% GGBFS and 7.5% silica fume achieved the highest strengths. This study concluded that using GGBFS and silica fume can produce high strength concrete while reducing the environmental impact of cement production.
IRJET- Evaluation of Workability Characteristics of Self Compacting ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document evaluates the workability characteristics of self-compacting concrete (SCC) mixes containing hypo sludge and polypropylene fibers.
An M30 grade SCC mix was designed according to EFNARC guidelines. Cement was replaced with hypo sludge at levels from 2-8% and polypropylene fibers were added from 0.2-0.4%. Workability tests including slump flow, J-ring, L-box, V-funnel, and U-box were performed.
The results showed that as fiber content increased from 0.2-0.4%, slump flow values decreased from 672mm to 642mm, indicating lower workability. The
Experimental Study on Durability Characteristics of High Performance Concrete...theijes
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Alcoffine and fly ash PPT PRANAV ASHOK DEOLE.pptx
1. Sipna College of Engineering and Technology,
Amravati
Department of Civil Engineering
Academic Year:- 2022-23
Semester :- Seventh
Seminar On
Alcoffine and Fly Ash
Submitted By:- Mr. Parag Holey
Guided By :- Prof. Sayali Kaware
2. STUDY ON DURABILITY & PROPERTIES
OF HIGH PERFORMANCE
CONCRETE WITH ALCCOFINE AND FLY
ASH
PRESENTED BY –
PARAG HOLEY
3. WHAT IS HIGH
PERFORMANCE CONCRETE
(HPC) ?
High performance concrete refers to a mix of concrete
that has the following properties:
• High strength
• High modulus of elasticity
• High abrasion resistance
• High durability
• Low permeability and diffusion
• Resistance to chemical attack and frost
• Ease of placement
• Compaction without segregation
4. WHAT IS ALCCOFINE?
• Alccofine Micro Materials are a range of products of Counto Microfine
Products Pvt. Ltd (CMPPL) – a joint venture between ACL and the Goa-based,
Alcon Group, launched in the year 2013.
• The two products that have been launched are Alccofine 1203 (a
supplementary cementitious material suitably replaces Silica fume used in
high performance concrete); and Alccofine 1101 (a micro-fine cement based
product used for injection grout in underground tunnels and soil stabilization
etc)
• It is a new-generation, ultrafine product whose basic raw material is slag of
high glass content with high reactivity obtained through the process of
controlled granulation.
• The raw materials are composed primarily of low calcium silicates. The
processing with other select ingredients results in controlled particle size
distribution (PSD). Due to its unique chemistry and ultra fine particle size,
ALCCOFINE 1203 provides reduced water demand for a given workability, and
can also be used as a high range water reducer to improve compressive
strength or as a super workability aid to improve flow.
5. HOW DOES ALCCOFINE
WORK?
ALCCOFINE1203 performs in superior manner than all other mineral
admixtures used in concrete within India. Due to its inbuilt CaO
content, ALCCOFINE1203 triggers two way reactions during
hydration
• Primary reaction of cement hydration.
• Pozzolanic reaction: ALCCOFINE also consumes by product
calcium hydroxide from the hydration of cement to form
additional C-S-H gel, similar to pozzolans.
This results in denser pore structure and ultimately higher
strength gain. This study presents the results of examination
carried out on ALCCOFINE1203 in comparison with Silica Fume in
concrete, and the effect it has on workability, water requirement,
admixture requirement, strength and durability
6. PROPERTIES OF ALCCOFINE 1203
The chemical composition and the physical properties of Alccofine are as
follows:
Chemical Analysis Mass % Physical analysis Range
CaO 62-64 Bulk Density 700-900 kg/m3
Al2O3 5-5.6 Surface Area 12000 cm2/gm
Fe2O3 3.8-4.4 Specific gravity 2.9
SO3 2-2.4 Particle Size, d10 < 2 μ
MgO 0.8-1.4 d50 < 5μ
SiO2 21-23 d90 < 9 μ
8. ADVANTAGES
Following are the technical benefits of using Alccofine 1203
• Improved workability and cohesiveness and reduced shrinkage:
Having better particle-size distribution compared to other supplementary
cementitious materials (SCMs), which provide a dense matrix pore structure
resulting in better workability, cohesiveness and superior volume stability
(shrinkage).
• Better retention of workability: Offering better compatibility with
cement and certain chemical admixtures, its physical/chemical structure on
hydration improves the workability retention properties of fresh concrete.
• Reduced segregation: Ultrafine slag improves particle packing in the
cementitious paste by filling cement particle voids by virtue of proper
distribution of particles, whereby it reduces the bleed water and results in
more homogeneous concrete with reduced segregation.
• Improved flow ability: The material has better particle packing, which
results in improved rheology resulting in improved flowability.
9. • Improved durability: Resulting in a dense pore structure, which restricts the
ingress of chloride and sulphate ions, this green material, unlike other
equivalent material, makes concrete more alkaline, thereby protecting the
reinforced steel in concrete and providing a durable structure.
• Improved strength gain: Ultrafine slag results in the formation of a dense
pore structure, and in-built Ca(OH)2, due to cement hydration, provides an
increased secondary hydrated product resulting in improved strength gain at
early as well as later stages. It can be used to achieve strengths as high as
M120 if mixed in proper proportions.
• Retention of alkalinity: Ultrafine slag has lime content of about 34 per cent
that, during hydration, helps retain higher alkalinity in pore solution, thereby
mitigating corrosion.
• Improves resistance to chemical attack: Because of its finer pore structure
and chemical stability, ALCCOFINE 1203 in concrete is substantially more
resistant to chloride diffusion. Thus, it reduces the penetration of chlorides in
concrete and protects embedded steel from corrosion. CaO available in
ALCCOFINE 1203 Contribute to maintain Ca(OH)2 as buffer in pore Solution,
which helps to maintain pH of pore solution
• Reduces heat of hydration
• Lowers permeability
10. EFFECTS ON WORKABILITY
The effect of Alccofine on the workability of a concrete mix was checked by
carrying out a slump test.
• The grade of concrete used was OPC 43.
• Two mixes were prepared one having Fly ash and silica fumes as additive to
the cement, while the other having Alccofine 1203 and Fly ash as the additive.
• A new generation Poly-Carboxylic Ether (PCE) based super-plasticizer was
used. This super-plasticizer is available as a medium brown coloured aqueous
solution.
• The Slump was greater in the mix containing Alccofine rather than the one
with Silica fumes
11. Due to its unique particle size distribution and inbuilt CaO , ALCCOFINE 1203
results in to formation of dense pore structure, which results in improved
workability and workability retention . The value of flow decreases in silica fume
mix concrete and hence the optimum super plasticizer dosage increases, which
can be attributed to high specific surface of silica fume
12. EFFECT ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
• For carrying out tests on compressive strength , the grade of cement used
was OPC 53.
• Two ternary blend of concrete were prepared , one containing Fly ash and
Alccofine (Type I) and the other containing Fly ash and Silica Fumes (Type II).
• For each mix of concrete, three concrete cube specimens were cast each of
size 150mm x 150mm x 150mm. To obtain a homogeneous mix, aggregates
were mixed and binders (cement, FA and AL) were added to the system. After
remixing, water was added to the dry mix. Finally, super plasticizer was
introduced to the wet mixture.
• The cubes were cast in three equal layers and each layer was compacted by
using a vibrating table and for beam specimen (for calculating flexural
strength) needle vibrator was used.
• The optimum doses of Fly ash and Alccofine in Type I mix were varied by trial
and error till the optimum dose, corresponding to which the highest
compressive strength is obtained, was achieved. This was found to be 20%
(Fly ash) and 8% (Alccofine) by weight of cement.
13. • Similarly for Type II mix, the doses were varied by trial and error and the
optimum doses achieved were 25% (Fly ash) and 10% (Silica fume) by weight
of cement.
• Water-cement ratio used was 0.4 for both mixes.
• Mix proportion used for the blends were
Item Quantity
Cement (72%) 310.25
Alccofine (8%) 34
Fly ash (20%) 85
Coarse aggregate 1096
Fine aggregate 838
Water 170
Admixture 4
Type I mix
Item Quantity
Cement (65%) 276.25
Silica Fume (10%) 42.5
Fly ash (25%) 106.25
Coarse aggregate 1096
Fine aggregate 838
Water 170
Admixture 6
Type II mix
14. The results were as follows
Compressive Strength
Flexural Strength
15. WATER PERMEABILITY
• The test was used to measure the impermeability of concrete. According to
this test the cubes were initially water-cured for 28 days, and then exposed to
water pressure of 5 bars for 72 hours after which the cube was divided and
the depth of water penetration measured. Penetration of less than 25 mm is
generally considered to be impermeable concrete.
• The cubes were made from the Type I and Type II mixes that were cast for the
compressive strength test.
• The permeability results obtained were
(i) Alcofine mix : 13 mm
(ii) Silica Fume mix : 18 mm
As per the results described above we can see that the water permeability in
case of ALCCOFINE 1203 is less than that of Silica Fume. Presence of ultra fine
Cementitious/pozzolanic materials allows denser packing between cement
particles and reduces the ‘wall effect’ in transition zone between the paste
and the aggregate. This refines the concrete microstructure and enhances the
degree of impermeability and the strength characteristics of concrete.
16. CHLORIDE PERMEABILITY
• The chloride penetration test was compared between ALCCOFINE 1203 and
OPC. The ASTM C 1543 test measures the penetration of chloride ion into
concrete. Three slabs of concrete measuring 90mm thick and 300mm square
surface area. The slabs used were water cured for 28 days.
• After the conditioning period 3% NaCl solution was ponded on a top surface
for 90 days, while the bottom face was left exposed to drying environment.
• At the end of this time powdered samples by rotary impact hammer are
obtained at various depths (10-20, 25-35, 40-50, 55-65mm). Chloride content
of the sample from each depth were determined and reported .
17. • Results obtained were as follows
Because of its finer pore structure
and chemical stability, ALCCOFINE
1203 in concrete is substantially
more resistant to chloride diffusion.
Thus, it reduces the penetration of
chlorides in concrete and protects
embedded steel from corrosion. CaO
available in ALCCOFINE 1203
Contribute to maintain Ca(OH)2 as
buffer in pore Solution, which helps
to maintain pH of pore solution.
Denser pore matrix restricts chloride
penetration and alkalinity forms
passive layer on steel and protect it
from corrosion
18. CONCLUSION
The combination of alccofine and class F fly ash is complementary: the alccofine
improves the early age performance of concrete with the fly ash continuously
refining the properties of the hardened concrete as it matures. In terms of durability,
such blends are vastly superior to plain Portland cement concrete.
From the results obtained in this study, the following conclusion can be drawn :
(i) Very high workability can be obtained by using mixes containing Alccofine
rather than only OPC.
(ii) The minimum loss of weight and loss of compressive strength of concrete in
Chloride Resistance test and Sea water test due to addition of Alccofine. Due to
its more compactness and less permeability of concrete effect of Chloride
Attack is reducing. This is converts leachable calcium hydroxide into insoluble
non- leachable cementanious product. This pozzolanic action is responsible for
impermeability of concrete. Secondly, the removal of calcium hydroxide reduces
the susceptibility of concrete to attack by Chloride.
19. (iii) Alccofine increases the particle packing and it increases the strength of
concrete.
(iv) Very high resistance to chloride ion penetration can be obtained with
ternary blends.
(v) We concluded that compressive strength achieved by using Alccofine (8%) +
Fly Ash (20%) is 54.89Mpa and 72.97 Mpa at 28 and 56 days respectively
using OPC grade 53.
20. REFERENCES
• IS: 10262-1982, Recommended Guidelines for
Concrete Mix Design, Fifth Reprint March-1998, Bureau
of Indian Standards, New Delhi
• “Study on durability of high performance concrete
with industrial wastes” By Pazhani.K, Jeyaraj.R,ATI
Volume 2, Issue 2, August 2010, pp. 19-28
• M. Vijaya Sekhar Reddy, I.V. Ramana Reddy, 3
N.Krishna Murthy , Predicting the Strength Properties
of High Performance Concrete using Mineral and
Chemical Admixtures , VOL. 3, NO. 1, Jan 2013 ISSN
2225-7217