Presentation from Miguel Altieri, University of California, Berkeley, describing the links between Agroecology and local communities and knowledge. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
A presentation by Pablo B. Eyzaguirre given at Bioversity International Rome HQ on 24 May 2011. A look at Bioversity’s unique role linking biodiversity, food security, resilience, livelihoods and culture.
A presentation by Pablo B. Eyzaguirre given at Bioversity International Rome HQ on 24 May 2011. A look at Bioversity’s unique role linking biodiversity, food security, resilience, livelihoods and culture.
Improving diet diversity, quality and ecosystem sustainability. By Federico Mattei Bioversity International. Read more about Bioversity International’s work on diet diversity for nutrition and health. http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/
Sustainable Agriculture and the Future of FoodPablo Martin
This slideshow discusses a number of different approaches to sustainable agriculture with a focus on ways to minimize environmental impacts. The influence of Borlaug and Vogt on agriculture are discussed as well.
Organization and Social Process in Bringing Agroecology to ScaleFAO
Presentation from Peter Rosset, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR-Mexico) and Via Campesina, describing the inter-linkages between Agroecology and social movements. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE): Building resilience in food production systems FAO
http://www.fao.org/about/meetings/afns/en/
Presentation from Fabrice De Clerck (Bioversity International) describing CGIAR’s Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE) research program and outlining its relevance to sustainable intensification and ecosystems preservation. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Improving diet diversity, quality and ecosystem sustainability. By Federico Mattei Bioversity International. Read more about Bioversity International’s work on diet diversity for nutrition and health. http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/
Sustainable Agriculture and the Future of FoodPablo Martin
This slideshow discusses a number of different approaches to sustainable agriculture with a focus on ways to minimize environmental impacts. The influence of Borlaug and Vogt on agriculture are discussed as well.
Organization and Social Process in Bringing Agroecology to ScaleFAO
Presentation from Peter Rosset, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR-Mexico) and Via Campesina, describing the inter-linkages between Agroecology and social movements. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE): Building resilience in food production systems FAO
http://www.fao.org/about/meetings/afns/en/
Presentation from Fabrice De Clerck (Bioversity International) describing CGIAR’s Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE) research program and outlining its relevance to sustainable intensification and ecosystems preservation. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Community-Based Adaptive Management: Farmer Field Schools (FFS) in West Africa FAO
Presentation from Bill Settle, FAO, explaining the role of Farmer Field Schools and community based approaches in agricultural extension. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
http://www.fao.org/about/meetings/afns/en/
Presentation from Remo Joaquín Vénica his work at Naturaleza Viva, a 200 ha. farm in Argentina where production is based completely on agro-ecological principles – from production to manufacturing and commercialization. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Agroecological socio-economics. Impacts and principlesFAO
http://www.fao.org/about/meetings/afns/en/
Presentation from Gaëtan Vanloqueren (University of Louvain, Belgium) describes some of the economic benefits of Agroecology in terms of increased income, employment and savings, as well as its positive externalities in environmental terms. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
http://www.fao.org/about/meetings/afns/en/
Presentation from Fernando Funes-Monzote, Latin American Scientific Society for Agroecology (SOCLA) describing options for integrated production of energy and food in agroecological systems. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Conception and Engineering of Cropping Systems: How to integrate ecological ...FAO
http://www.fao.org/about/meetings/afns/en/
Presentation from Eric Malézieux and Eric Scopel , CIRAD, outlining the need for shifting towards ecologically-based food production systems. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
http://www.fao.org/about/meetings/afns/en/
Presentation from Jean-François Soussana, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) on integrated crop-livestock agroecological systems. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Enhancing the roles of ecosystem services in agriculture: agroecological prin...FAO
Presentation from Etienne Hainzelin from CIRAD, describing the principles of agroecological systems and the role of research within these. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Presentation from Pablo Tittonell, Wageningen University, on the history, concepts behind and challenges for Agroecology. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Presentation from Paul Mapfumo, University of Zimbabwe, outlining the challenges for agriculture in Sub Saharan Africa and the role that Agroecology can play in tackling these. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Presentation from Salman Hussain, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) describing TEEB Agriculture and Food, a study designed to provide an economic evaluation of the ‘eco-agri-food systems’ complex. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Presentation from Daphne Miller, Associate Clinical Professor at the Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF). The presentation outlines the linkages between agroecological approaches to farming and healthy diets, and was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Learning and innovating together: partnership of farmers, scientists, public ...FAO
Presentation from Gurbir Bhullar, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FIBL), describing participatory on-farm research approaches. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Presentation from Ephraim Nkonya from the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) gives an overview of water management practices, relevant to the context of smallholder farming, that are able to both increase water use efficiency and the provision of ecosystem services. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Songhai regenerative agriculture: super soils deploying effective and indigen...FAO
Presentation from Father Godfrey Nzamujo of Songhai (Benin) describing the initiatives of the centre related to Agroecology – from the restoration of degraded agricultural land to the production and marketing of the harvest . The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Presentation from Len Wade, Professor at Charles Sturt University discussing the integration of agrocological approaches in mixed crop-livestock farming systems and implications for breeding. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
People managing landscapes and watersheds: Agroecology and social processesFAO
Presentation from Irene Cardoso, Professor at the Federal University of Viçosa (Brazil), describing experiences with, and benefits of Agroecology in Brazil. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Proceso comunitario de la microcuenca Los Sainos: restauración ecológica y re...FAO
Presentation from Julián Andrés Giraldo, researcher at the Fundación CIPAV (Colombia) outlining community-based efforts and best practices in agroecological approaches to the restoration of degraded land, conservation of water and biodiversity and promotion of community participation. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology for Food Security and Nutrition, held at FAO in Rome on 18-19 September 2014.
Enhancing Global Food Resources: CGIAR Strategy and its future Portfolio of P...CGIAR
Presented to the Second International Forum on Global Food Resources, 5-6 October 2016, Hokkaido University.
By Peter Gardiner, CGIAR System Management Office, France
A lecture in Quantitative Sustainability
It is often claimed that agricultural productivity needs to be increased in order to feed a growing world population. Food security depends on several factors besides the productivity, including waste/efficiency, energy crops, meat consumption, and global justice and equity. This lecture explores the issue of food security in its many dimensions and teaches how to use a high-level systems approach in sustainability science.
A strategy to improve livelihoods and restore degraded lands in HaitiCIAT
CIAT - International Center for Tropical Agriculture. Achieving Sustainable Agricultural Production in Haiti. In collaboration with international and local partners to assist with Haiti’s severe food production constraints in three major areas:
Seed Solutions for Food Security
Improved seeds of staple crops are a major leverage point for change in agriculture. By giving higher and more stable yields, they offer short-term benefits, which open the way toward a more profound transformation.
Resilient System Solutions for Sustainable Growth
Concerted action is needed to begin recuperating Haiti’s extensive but severely degraded hillside farming environments. This effort could center on agroforestry systems, combining crops (e.g., beans, cassava, and maize) with diverse shrubs and trees, chosen to provide timber and food while also helping restore degraded soils to health.
Linking Smallholders to Markets for Poverty Reduction
To realize the enormous potential of smallholder agriculture as an engine of inclusive economic growth requires well targeted, collaborative efforts to strengthen the links between rural communities and markets.
Around 70% of producers (farmers, tribals on forest land etc.) population in India comes under the category of small (19%) and marginal (51%) farmers. These categories of farmers have land holding of around 1 hectare and implementing existing policies to allot Govt. land to them (Booklet no. 434, Agricultural situation in India: ASIS-6). This population is mostly, poor, hungry, malnourished, illiterate, isolated, deep in debt, having lost their knowledge to follow their agro-ecology, having fallen into global investment in the market oriented development research, with extension focused on adapting and converting to high cost, high risk green revolution/Biotechnologies systems. This is the cause of their distress and the agrarian crisis in India. So, if we want our agriculture to again contribute significantly to the development and growth by becoming sustainable in the long term, we need to assist/facilitate by meeting the needs of the producer community so that they once again follow their producer oriented, low cost, low risk, agro ecology, primarily to meet their nutrition, food and cash requirements as this is the target population (mostly women and youth) that has capabilities and if given proper resources to develop their capacities
Chris Dowswell, Executive Director Sasakawa Africa Association, spoke during the Thursday (12 November) WILD9 plenary on Wilderness and People - A new agriculture for wilderness and climate change.
As we celebrate International Women's Day, it is important to recognize that there is an urgent need to better understand the role that gender plays in smallholder farming systems, and forest communities, in order to develop effective biodiversity conservation and use strategies for food security. Happy International Women's Day!
Read more about Bioversity International’s research-for-development portfolio and strategic priorities.
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research/
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
3. Conocimiento Humano
100,000 años
Expansion
humana
200,000 años
Antigüedad del
Homo sapiens
± 10,000
Presente
± 300
Tiempo
(perspectiva histórica)
“Ciencia
Paleolitica”
“Ciencia
neolitica” “Ciencia
Moderna”
4. CLASH OF PARADIGMS
Peasant agriculture Green Revolution
Industrial
Agriculture and
Transgenic
Crops
Agroecology
5. Features of an agriculture for
the future
• De-coupled from fossil fuel dependence
• Agroecosystems of low environmental
impact, nature friendly
• Resilient to climate change and other
shocks
• Multifunctional ( ecosystem, social, cultural
and economic services)
• Foundation of local food systems
10. How many peasant farmers?
(ETC 2009)
• 1, 5 billion peasant farmers
• 380 million farms
• Globally: > 90% of the
world’s farms are small , <2
ha.
• 1.9 million crop varieties
11. Peasants and world food
Produce 50-75% of food consumed by
world population, but use :
• 25- 30% of the agricultural land
• 30% water used in agriculture
• 20 % fossil fuels used in agriculture.
18. Milpa: polyculture of maize, beans and squash
LER > 1,5 ……… 1,5 hectares of monoculture needed to equal
productivity of one hectare of polyculture
19. Productivity of Chinampas
• Maize yields in 1950: 3,5-6,3 t/ha ( average
US yields in 1955~2,3t/ha and went up >4 t/ha
after 1965).
• One hectare could produce enough food for
15-20 persons
• One chinampero can successfully farm 0,75
ha, producing food for 12-15 people
21. Weeds (quelites) as food crop
.
• San Bartolo del Llano, Ixtlahuaca,
México.
• Quelites.
– 74 quelite species all useful.
– Used as food, fodder, medicinals,
etc.
– 4.5 kg quelite/family/month.
– One hectare of milpa produces 1,5
t/ha of quelite and represents 25%
of the total value of maize ( approx
200 dollars).
22.
23. • 350 spp útiles
en total
• 150 spp
útiles/ha
• predominan
spp destinadas
a alimentos y
medicinas
• 200 spp de
aves censadas
en los
cafetales
25. Kuojtakiloyan
(monte útil o productivo)
40 140
especies
útiles/Ha
MERCADOS NACIONALE INTERNACIONAL
Macadamia
Canela
Pimienta
Litchi
Maracuyá
SUBSISTENCIA Y MERCADOS LOCAL Y REGIONAL
Árboles diversos 80 spp
Aguacates 8 spp
Zapotes 14 spp
Capulines 14 spp
Chalahuis 6 spp
Otates 5 spp
Chamakis 11 spp
Guajes 4 spp
Ornamentales 25 spp
Plátanos 11 var.
Cítricos 17 var.
Zingiberales 9 spp.
Palmas 7 spp
Plátanos 12 var.
Plantas medic. 150 spp.
Guayaba
Mango
Caoba
Cedro
Café
= ± 350
26. AGROECOLOGY
Ecology
Anthropology
Sociology
Etnoecology
Biological Control
Ecological
economics
Basic
agricultural
sciences
Traditional
Farmers’
knowledge
Principles
Specific technological
forms
Participatory
research in
farmers’ fields
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35. Velvetbean in Central America
• Mucuna fixes 150 Kg N/ha/year, produces 30-
50 tonnes of biomass/ha/yr
• 45,000 familes growing Mucuna
• crop yields up from 400-600 Kg/ha to 2000-
2500 kg/ha while conserving/regenerating
soil in hillsides
36.
37.
38. The Campesino a Campesino Movement
• The Campesino a Campesino
movement is an extensive grassroots
movement in Central America and
Mexico.
• It is a cultural phenomenon, a broad-based
movement with campesinos
as the main actors
• The Campesino a Campesino
movement is an excellent example
of how alternative technologies and
practices can be disseminated
bypassing "official channels".
• It is a bottom up, horizontal
mechanism for knowledge sharing
and technology transfer
46. Campesino a Campesino in CUBA
In Cuba, CAC achieved the
most radical expansion,
growing to 100,000
smallholders in just 8 years!
(It took 20 years for the
movement to grow to this size
other countries).
49. Area (ha)
Energy (GJ/ha/año)
Proteín (kg/ha)/año
People fed by produced energy
(Pers/ha/año)
People fed by produced protein
(Pers/ha/año)
10
50.6
867
11
34
Energy efficiency 30
50. Resilience to climate change (
Huracan Ike-Cuba)
• Areas under industrial monoculture suffered
more damage and exhibited less recovery
than diversified farms.
• After the hurricane average loss in diversified
farms was about 50% compared to 90-100% in
monocultures
• Productive recovery was about 80 - 90%,and
was noticeable 40 days after the hurricane
51.
52. Campesino a Campesino in CUBA
Why the Cuban success?
• Government support – CAC was made national
policy in the 1990s, something no other country has
done.
• The organizational capacity of Cuba’s National
Association of Small Farmers
• High levels of education and healthcare
• Decentralized nature of Cuba’s technical capacity –
more open to participatory involvement by farmers.
• Secure land tenure and a guaranteed market for
campesino agriculture.
53. Agroecology and social
movements
• Social movements are key to achieving supportive policy
environment (movements of farmers, workers, indigenous people,
urban poor, consumers, environmentalists, human rights, etc.)
• The combination of peasant and family farm agriculture with
agroecology can feed families, cities, countries and the world, with
higher productivity, efficiency, and autonomy, lower costs, be more
environmentally sound, produce healthier food, reduce migration, and
be more resilient to climate change.
• Up-scaling really requires social movements at the center, who can
build alliances with government institutions, NGOs, researchers,
students, etc., but on new terms.
54. Organized small farmers
Consumers
Food
Empires
By-pass
Autonomous territories,
local
markets
55. Legal initiatives fostering agroecology
in Latin America
• Ecuador: Ley organica de Agrobiodiversidad,
Semillas y Agroecologia
• Bolivia: Revolución Productiva Comunitaria
Agropecuaria para la soberanía alimentaria
• Guatemala (2005)-Ley de Seguridad alimentaria y
nutricion
• Brazil-Plan Nacional de Agroecologia y Agricultura
Organica (2013)
• Venezuela (2008)-Articulo 8 soberania
alimentaria
• Nicaragua : Ley de Fomento de la Produccion
Agroecologica y Organica
56. 1: org.=conven. < l: conven. mayor que org. >1: org. mayor que conven.
Casi 300 estudios comparativos de agricultura orgánica/agroecológica y
agricultura convencional