agricultue-the science,art or occupation concerned with cultivating land, raising crops and feeding, breeding and raising livestock. the ppt includes:- 1. its importance 2. factors responsible for agriculture 3. types of farming 4. types of crops 5. technological and institutional reforms 6. role of agriculture i hope the ppt willl be liked by you and will prove to be informative one. thankyou!

2. The science, art, or occupation concerned
with cultivating land, raising crops , and
feeding , breeding and raising livestock is
called AGRICULTURE

3. Over 2/3rd of
Indian
population is
engaged in
agricultural
activities.
Food grains
are the most
important
agri products
made in India.

5. Agriculture is the backbone of Indian
economy and prosperity.
Today, India ranks second worldwide in farm
output.
The 11th five year plan
also emphasize on
agriculture development
as it is necessary for
rapid economic growth
of the country.

6. AGRI-
CULTURE
Supply of
nutrition
Provider
of
Energy
Fiber
Source of
livelihood
Service
provider
sector
For
trade
Market-
able
surplus
in trans-
port
Base for
industry
Key to
economic
growth

8. TYPES OF FARMING
There are four main types of
farming:-
• Intensive farming
• Subsistence farming ( two types)
 Primitive Subsistence farming
 Intensive Subsistence farming
• Commercial farming
• Plantation

9. •Intensive farming or intensive
agriculture is a kind of agriculture
where a lot of capital and labour
are used to increase the yield.
•Modern –day forms of intensive
crop based agriculture involves the
use of mechanical ploughing ,
chemical fertilizers , plant growth
regulators and pesticides.
•Optimal use of these materials and
machines produces significantly
greater crop yield per unit of land
than extensive agriculture.

10. Size of farm- small farm
Manual labour works mostly
the family member with the
help of simple farming tools
and animals.
Subsistence agriculture is self
sufficiency in farming in which
the farmers focus on growing
enough food to feed
themselves and their
families.

11. SUBSISTENCE
FARMING
PRIMITIVE
SUBSISTENCE
FARMING
INTENSIVE
SUBSISTENCE
FARMING

12. • Land is obtained by clearing forest.
• Agriculture is practiced till fertility of land is exhausted.
• Mainly women work on fields.
• Practiced by-Primitive tribes living in forests.
• Regions-North-east India, Odisha, Jharkhand,
Chhattisgarh and parts of Madhya Pradesh.
• Crops-Yam, root crops.

13. • Aims at maximum possible production on
limited farmland.
• Caters the need of the farmer’s family and local
market.
• Small land-holdings, preliminary mechanization.
• Capable of raising one crop in a year.
• Practiced in thickly populated regions.
• Regions- Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya
Pradesh, parts of Rajasthan.
• Crops- Wheat, rice, millets.

14. Commercial
farming...

15. • A type of
FARMING which
include the use of
modern inputs.
Eg:
High Yielding
Variety(HYV)seeds
Chemical
fertilisers
Insecticides &
pesticides

16. Plantation

17. Its a type of commercial
farming.
A single crop is grown over
the large area.
It covers large area of land
using different inputs.
Connected with well
developed network of
transport & communication.
Processing industries &
markets are an important
aspect of it!

18. Cropping Patterns
Different forms
in which crops
are raised are
referred to as
CROPPING
PATTERNS.

19. Types of Cropping patterns
•Uni Or Mono Cropping-
eg:- tea, coffee
•Double or Dual Cropping-
eg:- mustard with wheat
•Multiple Cropping-
eg:-jowar-bajra-groundnut

20. Some Important points
•In the double cropping and
multiple cropping patterns it is
kept in mind that crops are
combined in such a way that soil
nutrients removed by one crop are
replaced by other crop.
•Mixed cropping is often confused
with crop rotation .In crop rotation
you plant different crops in the
same field in different years.

21. There are three main
types of crops:-

22. •Kharif crops or monsoon crops are harvested
during the rainy or monsoon season, (Months:-
September-October).
•These crops are dependent on the quantity of
rain water as well its timing.
•Some of the most important rice-growing
regions are Assam, West Bengal, coastal regions
of Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala
and Maharashtra.

23. Soyabean Groundnut
JuteMoong

24. •Groundnut is an important oilseed crop.
•It requires 14 to 16 deg. Celsius for germination, a long and
warm growing season lengthens flowering. Good yields are
expected with a well distributed 37 to 60 cm of rainfall during
the crop period.
•Unique feature of this plant is its quick adaptability to a wide
variety of climatic conditions.
•About two thirds of world production is crushed for oil and
the remaining one third is consumed as nuts.

25. RABI CROPS
• Crops need cool climate during growth
period but warm climate during the
germination of seed and maturation.
• Sowing Season: October to December
• Harvesting Season: February to April
• States where this crop is grown:- North and
North Western parts such as in Punjab,
Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and
Kashmir and Uttarakhand.

26. Mustard
Gram
Barley Peas

27. CULTIVATION OF PEAS
• A pea is a most commonly green,
occasionally golden yellow, or
infrequently purple pod-shaped
vegetable, widely grown as a cool
season vegetable crop.
• The plants grow best at temperatures
of 13 to 18 °C (55 to 64 °F).
• They can climb to be 1–2 m high.

28. •They are also called Zayad crops.
•They are grown in the Indian sub-continent.
•The crops are grown on irrigated lands.
•They grow in the short duration between Rabi
and kharif crop season.
•These crops are grown mainly in the summer
season during a period called the “Zayad crop
season”.
• They require warm dry weather for major
growth period and longer day length for
flowering.
•The main produce are seasonal fruits and
vegetables.

30. •Watermelons are tropical or
subtropical plants.
• They need temperatures
higher than about 25 °C (77 °F)
to thrive.
• On a garden scale, seeds are
usually sown in pots under
cover.
• They are transplanted into
well-drained sandy loam with a
pH of between 5.5 and 7 and

31. TECHNOLOGICAL AND
INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS
• Land Reform was the main focus of First
Five Year Plan.
• The Green Revolution and the White
Revolution were some of the strategies
initiated to improve Indian agriculture.
• In the 1980s and 1990s a comprehensive
Land Development Program was initiated.
•The government also announces minimum
support price and procurement prices for
important crops to help them.

32. TECHNOLOGICAL AND
INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS
• Grameen banks, Cooperative societies and
banks for providing loan facilities to farmers
at lower rate interest are established.
• Kissan Credit Card, Personal Accident
Insurance Scheme are some other schemes
introduced in favor of farmers.

33. Agriculture plays an essential role in the
process of economic development of less
developed countries like India. Agriculture is
a stronger sector of India and hence is an
integral part of overall economic
development – for the economy, livelihood
and satisfaction of our needs.

34. THANK
YOU!