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Africans in Early SC
8-1.4: Explain the significance of enslaved
and free Africans in the developing
culture & economy of the South and
South Carolina, including the growth of
the slave trade and resulting population
imbalance between African and European
settlers; African contributions to
agricultural development; and resistance
to slavery, including the Stono Rebellion
& subsequent laws to control slaves.
Plantation System
• SC’s economy was
based largely on the
plantation system
• Most crops were very
labor intensive
• Indentured servants in
VA were the first to
do this type of labor in
the colonies
• By the time of SC’s
settlement new settlers
no longer took these
contracts
• Plantation owners tried to use the natives as a
labor force, but they easily escaped & the
males were not accustomed to cultivating the
land like their female counterparts
Slave Trade
• English settlers from Barbados brought the
first African slaves to SC
• More slaves were acquired through the
“Middle Passage”- define
Slave Trade
• Slaves brought their knowledge of land
cultivation, tending cattle, & cultivating
rice from Africa
• They also knew how to harvest the thick
forest near the plantations, which were used
for trade
• Development of cash crops & the
plantation system caused the increase of the
slave trade in SC
• Large scale importation of slaves to SC
began in the 1630’s
Slave Culture
• Slaves brought their culture directly from
West Africa
(language, dance, woodcarving, folk
medicine, & basket weaving)
• They sang call & response songs as they
worked Video (8:12)
• They used drums to keep the pace while
working the fields & to communicate with
other slaves on nearby plantations (until they
were banned after the Stono Rebellion)
Slave Culture
• Yams (or sweet potatoes) became the staple
diet for southern slaves
Gullah
• Gullah was the spoken language & shared
culture of Africans that developed in the
Sea Islands off the coast of SC and
Georgia.
• Gullah language is the mixture of many
spoken languages combined with newly
created words
• Gullah is unique to the coastal region
because of the area’s geographical
seclusion & the large concentration of
Africans there
Gullah Story
Video
Worry over slave population
• 1698, the Assembly began to have
concerns about the number of slaves
• The demand for more slaves to keep SC’s economy
booming created an imbalance in the population
• Slaves outnumbered whites in most areas
• This raised concern over the ability to control the
slave population
Stono Rebellion
- A slave revolt near Charles
Town, increased this concern
• A small group of slaves wanted to escape to
St Augustine, FL. where the Spanish had
told them they would be free
• Broke into a store on the Stono River &
killed two white settlers
• Used their drums to call more slaves to join
them
• By day’s end, many settlers & slaves had
been killed
Stono Rebellion
• Video: Stono Rebellion
Result of Stono Rebellion
• Slave Codes (originally from Barbados)
were strengthen [Negro Act of 1740]
• Prohbited slaves from:
• Gathering without white supervision
• Learning to read or write
• Carry guns or weapons
• Harsher punishments to disobedient slaves
• & fined cruel slave owners for slave abuse
 Mostly ment to control minute by minute of slave
life
 EX: Slaves were not allowed to dress “above the
conditions of a slave”.
South Carolina Slaves
• SC had fewer free Africans than most other
colonies
• State legislature allowed owners to free, or
manumit, their slaves for good cause in the
early 1700’s
• In owners last will & testaments for faithful
service
• Or their mistresses and their children
• ***this was rare though because slaves were so
valuable
South Carolina Slaves
• Some slaves bought their freedom by
making money on the side using special
talents
• Free blacks were required by law to
leave SC within 6 months or be re-
enslaved and sold on the auction block
• Free blacks lived in urban areas where they
could make a living using their talents
• After the American Revolution restrictions
on the rights of owners to free their slaves
were further legislated

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Africans in early sc 8 1.4

  • 1. Africans in Early SC 8-1.4: Explain the significance of enslaved and free Africans in the developing culture & economy of the South and South Carolina, including the growth of the slave trade and resulting population imbalance between African and European settlers; African contributions to agricultural development; and resistance to slavery, including the Stono Rebellion & subsequent laws to control slaves.
  • 2. Plantation System • SC’s economy was based largely on the plantation system • Most crops were very labor intensive • Indentured servants in VA were the first to do this type of labor in the colonies • By the time of SC’s settlement new settlers no longer took these contracts
  • 3. • Plantation owners tried to use the natives as a labor force, but they easily escaped & the males were not accustomed to cultivating the land like their female counterparts
  • 4. Slave Trade • English settlers from Barbados brought the first African slaves to SC • More slaves were acquired through the “Middle Passage”- define
  • 5. Slave Trade • Slaves brought their knowledge of land cultivation, tending cattle, & cultivating rice from Africa • They also knew how to harvest the thick forest near the plantations, which were used for trade • Development of cash crops & the plantation system caused the increase of the slave trade in SC • Large scale importation of slaves to SC began in the 1630’s
  • 6. Slave Culture • Slaves brought their culture directly from West Africa (language, dance, woodcarving, folk medicine, & basket weaving) • They sang call & response songs as they worked Video (8:12) • They used drums to keep the pace while working the fields & to communicate with other slaves on nearby plantations (until they were banned after the Stono Rebellion)
  • 7. Slave Culture • Yams (or sweet potatoes) became the staple diet for southern slaves
  • 8. Gullah • Gullah was the spoken language & shared culture of Africans that developed in the Sea Islands off the coast of SC and Georgia. • Gullah language is the mixture of many spoken languages combined with newly created words • Gullah is unique to the coastal region because of the area’s geographical seclusion & the large concentration of Africans there Gullah Story Video
  • 9. Worry over slave population • 1698, the Assembly began to have concerns about the number of slaves • The demand for more slaves to keep SC’s economy booming created an imbalance in the population • Slaves outnumbered whites in most areas • This raised concern over the ability to control the slave population
  • 10. Stono Rebellion - A slave revolt near Charles Town, increased this concern • A small group of slaves wanted to escape to St Augustine, FL. where the Spanish had told them they would be free • Broke into a store on the Stono River & killed two white settlers • Used their drums to call more slaves to join them • By day’s end, many settlers & slaves had been killed
  • 11. Stono Rebellion • Video: Stono Rebellion
  • 12. Result of Stono Rebellion • Slave Codes (originally from Barbados) were strengthen [Negro Act of 1740] • Prohbited slaves from: • Gathering without white supervision • Learning to read or write • Carry guns or weapons • Harsher punishments to disobedient slaves • & fined cruel slave owners for slave abuse  Mostly ment to control minute by minute of slave life  EX: Slaves were not allowed to dress “above the conditions of a slave”.
  • 13. South Carolina Slaves • SC had fewer free Africans than most other colonies • State legislature allowed owners to free, or manumit, their slaves for good cause in the early 1700’s • In owners last will & testaments for faithful service • Or their mistresses and their children • ***this was rare though because slaves were so valuable
  • 14. South Carolina Slaves • Some slaves bought their freedom by making money on the side using special talents • Free blacks were required by law to leave SC within 6 months or be re- enslaved and sold on the auction block • Free blacks lived in urban areas where they could make a living using their talents • After the American Revolution restrictions on the rights of owners to free their slaves were further legislated