This document provides an overview of key events and developments during Period 4 (1800-1848) of AP US History. It summarizes the Jeffersonian Revolution of 1800 and Jefferson's presidency. It also discusses John Marshall and key Supreme Court cases, the Louisiana Purchase and Lewis and Clark expedition, the War of 1812 and aftermath, nationalism shaping foreign policy, the Industrial Revolution and rise of factories, internal improvements like canals and railroads, and the development of distinct economic systems in the North and South relating to slavery and cotton.
Covers key events, issues, and developments in the presidency of James Monroe, including the consolidation of American national borders, the end of the First Party System, the beginning of the Era of Good Feelings, the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and the articulation of the Monroe Doctrine in 1823.
Covers events during the presidency of Martin van Buren, including the Panic of 1837, the consequent economic depression, the diplomatic tensions with Mexico that would erupt into the Mexican-American War, and the fallout from the Amistad case.
Covers key events, issues, and developments in the presidency of James Monroe, including the consolidation of American national borders, the end of the First Party System, the beginning of the Era of Good Feelings, the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and the articulation of the Monroe Doctrine in 1823.
Covers events during the presidency of Martin van Buren, including the Panic of 1837, the consequent economic depression, the diplomatic tensions with Mexico that would erupt into the Mexican-American War, and the fallout from the Amistad case.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
2. Period 4
• 1800-1848
• Key Concept 4.1 — The United States began to develop a modern
democracy and celebrated a new national culture, while Americans sought
to define the nation’s democratic ideals and change their society and
institutions to match them.
• Key Concept 4.2 — Innovations in technology, agriculture, and commerce
powerfully accelerated the American economy, precipitating profound
changes to U.S. society and to national and regional identities.
• Key Concept 4.3 — The U.S. interest in increasing foreign trade and
expanding its national borders shaped the nation’s foreign policy and
spurred government and private initiatives.
3. Jeffersonian Revolution of 1800
• The United States expands its borders during Thomas Jefferson’s
administration.
• Election of 1800:
• Jefferson beats Adams, but ties running mate Aaron Burr
• House of Representatives chooses president:
• Hamilton intervenes with Federalists to give Jefferson victory
• Reveals flaw in electoral process;
• Twelfth Amendment passed
• Electors cast separate ballots for president, vice president
4. The Jefferson Presidency
• The Election of 1800 is sometimes called the Revolution of 1800
because it is a peaceful transition of power from one party to an
opposition party.
• Convention of 1800: ends naval war with France and restores trade.
Also ends U.S. alliance with France.
• The Jefferson administration set out to do things differently. Many
saw his election as a “revolution”. Jefferson encouraged Congress to
abandon the Alien and Sedition Acts and the hated federal taxes. He
cut the national debt, reduced the size of the bureaucracy and made
major cuts in the military.
5. John Marshall and the Supreme Court
• Federalist John Marshall is chief justice for more than 30 years
• Adams pushes Judiciary Act of 1801, adding 16 federal judges
• Appoints Federalist midnight judges on his last day as president
• Jefferson argues undelivered appointment papers are invalid
• Marbury v. Madison
• William Marbury sues to have papers delivered
• Judiciary Act of 1789 requires Supreme Court order
• Marshall rules requirement unconstitutional
• Judicial review Supreme Court able to declare laws unconstitutional
• McCulloch v. Maryland – upheld constitutionality of 2nd BUS, federal government given more
power of states
• Gibbons v. Ogden – Congress, NOT states can control interstate commerce
6. The Louisiana Purchase
• Louisiana returned to France; Jefferson fears strong French presence
• Jefferson buys Louisiana Territory from Napoleon
• Jefferson doubts he has constitutional authority
• Louisiana Purchase doubles size of U.S. and gives U.S. total control of the Mississippi
River and New Orleans.
• Lewis and Clark
• Jefferson appoints Lewis and Clark to lead Corps of Discovery:
• Explore new territory, find route to Pacific
• Gather information about people, plants, animals
• Native American woman, Sacajawea, serves as interpreter, guide
7. The Road To The War of 1812
• Grievances Against Britain
• Impressment
• Seizing Americans, drafting them into British navy
• Chesapeake incident further angers Americans
• Jefferson convinces Congress to declare embargo, or ban on exports
• Embargo, meant to hurt Europe, also hurts U.S.
• Congress lifts it, except with Britain and France
8. • Tecumseh’s Confederacy
• William Henry Harrison makes land deal with Native American chiefs
• Shawnee chief Tecumseh tries to form Native American confederacy:
• The War Hawks: Western and Southern Congressmen
• War Hawks Henry Clay &John C Calhoun/ Hartford Convention ends Federalist party
• President Madison chooses war, thinks Britain is crippling U.S. trade/economy,British raid/burn towns along Atlantic coast
• British burn Washington D.C.
• Americans win battle for Fort McHenry (Baltimore) and Star Spangled Banner is written by Francis Scott Key.
• The Battle of New Orleans:
• General Andrew Jackson gains national fame and defeats superior British force at Battle of New Orleans after treaty to end
war has been signed.
• Treaty of Ghent, peace agreement signed in 1814
• Declares armistice or end to fighting;
• Does not resolve all issues.
• No land is exchanged.
• 1815, commercial treaty reopens trade between Britain and U.S.
• 1817, Rush-Bagot agreement limits war ships on Great Lakes
9. Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy
• Nationalism—intense pride and loyalty to the nation. National
interests come before region or foreign concerns
• Make treaties with Britain on Great Lakes, borders, territories – Rush-
Bagot Treaty
• Spain cedes Florida to U.S. in Adams-Onís Treaty and gives up claim
to Oregon Territory
• Era of Good Feeling- Monroe’s Presidency
10. Industrial Revolution
• New England becomes the industrial of the nation.
• Samuel Slater steals the plans for building textile machines and brings
them to the U.S.
• Slater becomes known as the Father of the Factory System.
• Textiles becomes the number one industry
• Inventor Eli Whitney pioneers use of interchangeable parts
• Interchangeable parts are identical pieces used to assemble products
• Factory system: power-driven machinery, workers with different tasks
• Mass production is production of goods in large quantities, can make goods
cheaper and faster
11. Internal Improvements
• Robert Fulton’s steamboat can go upstream or downstream,
regardless of current or wind
• Erie Canal links Hudson River to Lake Erie: Atlantic to Great Lakes.
Makes NYC a gateway to west.
• Railroads not yet in common use; first steam engine built 1825
• National Road extends from Cumberland, Maryland to Vandalia,
Illinois
• By 1850s, railroads expand, cost drops, safety increased
• Market revolution - people buy and sell goods rather than make
them
• The North and the South develop different economic systems that
lead to political differences between the regions.
12. 2 Economic Systems Develop
• Agriculture in the North
• Cash crops do not grow well in Northern soil and climate
• Farms in North smaller than South; do not need much labor or yield great profit: need no slaves
• Most Northern states abolish slavery by 1804
• Cotton Is King in the South
• Eli Whitney’s cotton gin allows farmers to grow cotton for profit
• Great demand for cotton in Britain, growing demand in North
• Plantation system established in Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, South lacks capital for factories;
money tied up in land, slaves
• Cotton hugely profitable
• Slavery Becomes Entrenched
• Increase in cotton production parallels increase in slave population