Advance Topics in Latex - different packages

Advance Topics in L
A
TEX
Dr. Nirav Vyas
Associate Professor & Head
Dept. of Science Humanities, ATMIYA University
nirav.vyas@atmiyauni.ac.in
Dr. Nirav Vyas (AU) Advance Topics in L
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Table of Contents
1 Making Custom Commands
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Table of Contents
2 Bibliography and BibTex
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Table of Contents
3 The siunitx Package
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Table of Contents
4 The mhchem Package
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Table of Contents
5 The amsthm Package
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Table of Contents
5 The amsthm Package
6 Beamer
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Hyperlinks - URL
Package: url
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Hyperlinks - URL
Package: url
Displays link
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Hyperlinks - URL
Package: url
Displays link
https://www.ngu.ac.in/ https://www.ngu.ac.in/
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Making Custom Commands
In long documents, you may find yourself typing similar sequences of
text over and over again.
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LATEX provides a command that defines new commands. This is one
of LATEX’s most useful features.
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Let’s look at a basic example and go through it very carefully to see
how it works.
newcommand{ftc}{Fundamental Theorem of Calculus}
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how it works.
Code:
ftc.
We can then apply the ftc{} and conclude that...
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how it works.
Code:
ftc.
We can then apply the ftc{} and conclude that...
Output:
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.
We can then apply the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
and conclude that...
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Bibliography and BibTex
BibTeX is the extension of Latex for managing references.
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It is made to be easy to use and highly convenient.
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Generally citations and references are bothersome to do by hand for
two reasons:
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two reasons:
1 Every one wants very specific, but slightly different format for citations.
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two reasons:
2 Citations are often numbered by order of appearance, so any time you
insert a new citation, all the numbers change.
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two reasons:
BibTeX has two elegant solutions to these problems:
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two reasons:
1 Citation formatting is automatic.
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two reasons:
2 Citation numbering is automatic.
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two reasons:
2 Citation numbering is automatic.
This is one of the best examples of the Latex philosophy; Bibtex does
all the formatting for you, so you can focus on content.
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There are three steps to using Bibtex
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1 Creating a bibliography file
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2 citing with cite command
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2 citing with cite command
3 typesetting for Bibtex
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Creating a Bibiography File
BibTeX requires an external bibliography.
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This takes the form of a file in the same folder as your .tex file that
has the extension .bib
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It’s customary to call it references.bib or citations.bib
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The .bib files contains the information about each thing you want to
cite.
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The .bib files contains the information about each thing you want to
cite.
BibTeX supports many types of bibliographic entries, including book,
(journal) article, (conference) proceedings and many more.
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Creating a Bibiography File - Example
@book{rudin1964principles,
title={Principles of mathematical analysis},
author={Walter Rudin},
volume={3},
year={1964},
publisher={McGraw-Hill New York}
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Creating a Bibiography File - Example
@article{bardeen1957theory,
title={Theory of superconductivity},
author={Bardeen, John and Cooper, Leon N and Schrieffer, J Rob
journal={Physical Review},
volume={108},
number={5},
pages={1175},
year={1957},
publisher={APS}
}
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Each entry starts with @ and the type of the entry. @book
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Next comes the name of the specific entry i.e. a unique identifier
used to cite that entry. rudin1964principles
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After that, there are several fields that give the information needed to
construct the reference.
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For book,the required fields are title, author, publisher, year.
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For book,the required fields are title, author, publisher, year.
For article, it’s also necessary to include journal and highly
recommended to provide year, volume, page, so that a reader could
easily find the article in question
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Types of BibTeX entries: article, book, booklet, inbook,
incollection, inproceedings - conference, manual, mastersthesis,
phdthesis, misc, proceedings, tech report, unpublished.
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Types of BibTeX entries: article, book, booklet, inbook,
incollection, inproceedings - conference, manual, mastersthesis,
phdthesis, misc, proceedings, tech report, unpublished.
Types of fields: address, annote, author,booktitle,
chapter,crossref,edition, editor, howpublished, institution, journal, key
month, note, number, organization, pages, publisher, school, series,
title, type, volume, year.
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External Bibliography Management Systems
No one wants to bother typing all of this for each citation, but luckily,
there are easier ways.
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No one wants to bother typing all of this for each citation, but luckily,
there are easier ways.
Google Scholar : If you click “Cite” in Google Scholar you have the
option to receive a citation for that work in several formats, one of
which is BibTeX. These days, most journals have all their articles
online and have a similar “generate citation” button for each article.
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JabRef: A (free, open source) program for managing BibTeX files.
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JabRef Works on Windows, Macs, and Linux, and has a nice interface
for adding entries.
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JabRef Works on Windows, Macs, and Linux, and has a nice interface
for adding entries.
It also gives a way to search online journal databases and turn the
results into bibliography entries.
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Citing in the Text
Citing references is very easy. Let’s look at an example.
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Citing in the Text
Citing references is very easy. Let’s look at an example.
A standard textbook on analysis
is cite{rudin1964principles}.
The theory of low-temperature
superconductivity was
invented in 1957 cite{bardeen1957theory}.
bibliographystyle{plain}
bibliography{references}
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To cite a bibliographic entry, use the cite command with the name
of that entry.
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of that entry.
The command bibliographystyle{plain} says how the citations
should be formatted. In the plain style, it sorts references by author
and use square brackets with numbers.
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of that entry.
There are many other styles available, such as unsrt, which lists
references in order of appearance
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The command bibliography{references} tells LATEX which
.bib file to use.
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The command bibliography{references} tells LATEX which
.bib file to use.
Make sure to place the .bib file in the same folder as the .tex file.
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URLs and DOIs In Citations
Almost all journals are online now, so it’s usually more useful to give
the DOI or a link to an article than the journal issues.
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URLs and DOIs In Citations
Almost all journals are online now, so it’s usually more useful to give
the DOI or a link to an article than the journal issues.
To do this, load the hyperref and doi packages, and add the url and
doi packages to your bibtex entries.
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
Units are something of a pain to typeset in normal L
A
TEX.
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
A
TEX.
Suppose we had measured the frequency of an oscillation to be
3.0 × 10−6Hz.
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
A
TEX.
3.0 × 10−6Hz.
In math mode, we would write $3.0 times 10^{-6} text{Hz}$.
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
A
TEX.
3.0 × 10−6Hz.
In math mode, we would write $3.0 times 10^{-6} text{Hz}$.
Not only is this long, but the spacing between the number and the
unit is terrible! The siunitx package offers a better alternative.
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
As its name suggests, the siunitx package supports all SI units.
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
It also supports standard prefixes, such as giga- and femto-.
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
SI{3}{gigahertz} 3 GHz
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
SI{3}{GHz} 3 GHz
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
SI{3}{GHz} 3 GHz
SI{19}{meterpersecond} 19 m s−1
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
SI{3}{GHz} 3 GHz
SI{54.1}{kg.m/s^2} 54.1 kg m/s2
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
SI{3}{GHz} 3 GHz
SI{54.1}{kg.m/s^2} 54.1 kg m/s2
SI{32932e-3213}{micro F} 32 932 × 10−3213 µF
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
SI{3}{GHz} 3 GHz
SI{54.1}{kg.m/s^2} 54.1 kg m/s2
SI{32932e-3213}{micro F} 32 932 × 10−3213 µF
SI{3.2}{kg/nanometersquared} 3.2 kg/nm2
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
SI{3}{GHz} 3 GHz
SI{54.1}{kg.m/s^2} 54.1 kg m/s2
SI{32932e-3213}{micro F} 32 932 × 10−3213 µF
SI{8.9}{kilogramtothe{12}} 8.9 kg12
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
SI{3}{GHz} 3 GHz
SI{54.1}{kg.m/s^2} 54.1 kg m/s2
SI{32932e-3213}{micro F} 32 932 × 10−3213 µF
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
By default, reciprocals of units are displayed as negative powers; to
display them as fractions, import the package with the command
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
usepackage[per-mode=fraction]{siunitx}.
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
The siunitx package contains several other useful commands:
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
num works just like the first argument of SI by itself, and si
works like the second part.
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
num{3.0} 3.0
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
num{3.0} 3.0
num{3.0e5} 3.0 × 105
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
num{3.0} 3.0
num{3.0e5} 3.0 × 105
si{kilogrampertesla} kg T−1
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
num{3.0} 3.0
num{3.0e5} 3.0 × 105
si{kilogrampertesla} kg T−1
si{lumenperradian} lm rad−1
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
Additionally, there is a command for typing numbers with the same
units.
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
units.
Numbers are separated by semi-colons, and commands and an and"
are inserted automatically.
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
units.
SIlist{1;2.3;-534;7.3e-5}{joulepersecond}
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
units.
1 J s−1, 2.3 J s−1, −534 J s−1 and 7.3 × 10−5 J s−1
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The siunitx Package
The siunitx Package
units.
1 J s−1, 2.3 J s−1, −534 J s−1 and 7.3 × 10−5 J s−1
For more information on this package, check out its manual on CTAN
at ctan.org/pkg/siunitx
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The mhchem Package
The mhchem Package
L
A
TEXmath mode is meant to write mathematics and is thus rather
ill-suited for typing chemical equations, mostly because atomic
symbols should not be italicized.
ce{H2SO4} H2SO4
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The mhchem Package
The mhchem Package
L
A
The mhchem package provides the new command ce, for typing
chemical equations.
ce{H2SO4} H2SO4
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The mhchem Package
The mhchem Package
L
A
chemical equations.
ce{H2SO4} H2SO4
ce{AgCl2-} AgCl2
–
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The mhchem Package
The mhchem Package
L
A
chemical equations.
ce{H2SO4} H2SO4
ce{AgCl2-} AgCl2
–
ce{CrO4^2-} CrO4
2–
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The mhchem Package
The mhchem Package
L
A
chemical equations.
ce{H2SO4} H2SO4
ce{AgCl2-} AgCl2
–
ce{CrO4^2-} CrO4
2–
ce{^{235}_{92}U} 235
92U
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The mhchem Package
The mhchem Package
L
A
chemical equations.
ce{H2SO4} H2SO4
ce{AgCl2-} AgCl2
–
ce{CrO4^2-} CrO4
2–
ce{^{235}_{92}U} 235
92U
We can also use ce to make chemical equations.
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The mhchem Package
The mhchem Package
L
A
chemical equations.
ce{H2SO4} H2SO4
ce{AgCl2-} AgCl2
–
ce{CrO4^2-} CrO4
2–
ce{^{235}_{92}U} 235
92U
ce{CO2+C -> 2CO}[0.4em] CO2
+
C −
−
→ 2 CO
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The mhchem Package
The mhchem Package
L
A
chemical equations.
ce{H2SO4} H2SO4
ce{AgCl2-} AgCl2
–
ce{CrO4^2-} CrO4
2–
ce{^{235}_{92}U} 235
92U
ce{CO2+C -> 2CO}[0.4em] CO2
+
C −
−
→ 2 CO
ce{H+ + OH- <=>> H20} H+
+ OH–
↽
−
−
−
⇀ H20
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The amsthm Package
The amsthm Package
Professional mathematics publications often separate theorems,
definitions, and other important information from the text, like so.
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The amsthm Package
The amsthm Package
Doing this in LATEX requires the amsthm package, which gives us
commands to define environments for theorems, propositions, and the
like the name of the new environment, and the second is what should
be displayed.
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The amsthm Package
The amsthm Package
Doing this in LATEX requires the amsthm package, which gives us
commands to define environments for theorems, propositions, and the
like the name of the new environment, and the second is what should
be displayed.
For instance, placing newtheorem{thm}{Theorem} in the preamble
allows us to make a theorem using the newly defined theorem
environment.
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The amsthm Package
The amsthm Package
To prevent LATEX from numbering the environment, use the
newtheorem* command.
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The amsthm Package
The amsthm Package
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The amsthm Package
The amsthm Package
Every environment created in this way takes an optional argument,
which indicates text to be places in parentheses.
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The amsthm Package
amsthm - Proofs
The amsthm package comes with one predefined environment, the
proof environment, which does just what you expect.
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The amsthm Package
amsthm - Proofs
If you end a proof with a displayed equation, the Halmos box may not
go in the right position. To place it in a specific spot, use the
command qedhere.
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The amsthm Package
amsthm - Theorem Styles
There are three possible styles for environment defined using amsthm:
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The amsthm Package
1 plain(thedefault),
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The amsthm Package
2 definition
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The amsthm Package
2 definition
3 remark
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The amsthm Package
2 definition
3 remark
To specify a style, group newtheorem commands into blocks
according to the style you would like them to have, then place
theoremstyle{<style>} before each block.
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The amsthm Package
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Beamer
Beamer
Introduction
Beamer is a LATEX class for creating presentations that are held
using a projector, but it can also be used to create transparency slides.
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Beamer
Beamer
Introduction
A beamer presentation is created like any other LATEX document: It
has a preamble and a body, the body contains sections and
subsections, the different slides (called frames in beamer) are put
in environments, they are structured using itemize and enumerate
environments, and so on.
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Beamer
Beamer
Introduction
The obvious disadvantage of this approach is that you have to know
LATEX in order to use beamer.
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Beamer
Beamer
Introduction
The obvious disadvantage of this approach is that you have to know
LATEX in order to use beamer.
The advantage is that if you know LATEX, you can use your
knowledge of LATEX also when creating a presentation, not only
when writing papers.
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Beamer
General rule - Beamer
Command:
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Beamer
General rule - Beamer
Command:
Environment:
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Beamer
Frame
Each Beamer project is made up of a series of frames.
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Beamer
Frame
Each frame produces one or more slides, depending on the slides
overlays, which will be discussed later.
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Beamer
Frame
A frame is produced with the environment frame; it may come in one
of the following forms:
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Beamer
Frame
begin{frame}{Frame title}
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Beamer
Frame
begin{frame}{Frame title}{Frame subtitle}
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Beamer
Frame
Both of these forms can take an optional argument that specifies the
vertical alignment of the content of a frame c for centered (the
default), t for top, or b for bottom.
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Beamer
Frame
Both of these forms can take an optional argument that specifies the
vertical alignment of the content of a frame c for centered (the
default), t for top, or b for bottom.
Example
begin{frame}[t]{Frame title goes here}
Frame body text and/or LATEX code
end {frame}
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Beamer
Titling Information
Titling information go in the preamble, just as in normal LATEX.
title [short title] {long title}
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Beamer
Titling Information
subtitle [short subtitle]{long subtitle}
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Beamer
Titling Information
author [short name]{long name}
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Beamer
Titling Information
date [short date]{long date}
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Beamer
Titling Information
institution [short name]{long name}
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Beamer
Titling Information
As in normal LATEX documents, titling information are not actually
printed until you tell it to do so, with the command titlepage.
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Beamer
Titling Information
As in normal LATEX documents, titling information are not actually
printed until you tell it to do so, with the command titlepage.
Example
begin{frame}
titlepage
end {frame}
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Beamer
Table of Contents
The table of contents is created dynamically on the sections and
subsections of the presentation, with the command
tableofcontents.
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Beamer
Table of Contents
tableofcontents.
It takes a number of optional arguments; the most common is
pausesections, which pauses between items in the table of contents.
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Beamer
Table of Contents
tableofcontents.
It takes a number of optional arguments; the most common is
pausesections, which pauses between items in the table of contents.
Example
begin{frame}
tableofcontents[pausesections]
end {frame}
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Beamer
Section and Subsections
We use the LATEX commands
section subsection subsubsection
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Beamer
Sectioning commands should be placed outside frames.
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Beamer
These commands create entries in the table of contents. They also
create entries in the navigation bar (if one is available).
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Beamer
They do NOT create a frame heading
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Beamer
They do NOT create a frame heading
Example
section{Beamer basics}
begin{frame}
Sectioning commands are placed textbf {outside} frames. paus
end {frame}
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Beamer
Common text commands and environment
You can use the same text commands in Beamer as you do in LATEX
to change the way your text is displayed emph textbf ...
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Beamer
You can also use the same LATEX environments
enumerate itemize description ...
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Beamer
You can also use the same LATEX environments
enumerate itemize description ...
The same goes for alignment environments
center flushleft flushright
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Beamer
Spacing
A vertical space can be indicated by using the vskip<number>pt
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Beamer
Spacing
command.
For example, vskip15pt will produce a 15 point vertical space.
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Beamer
Spacing
command.
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Beamer
Spacing
command.
command.
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Beamer
Spacing
command.
command.
command
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Beamer
Theorem
There exists an infinite set.
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Beamer
Theorem
There exists an infinite set.
Proof.
This follows from the axiom of infinity.
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Beamer
Beamer provides many ways to structure your frames so they appear
well organized and are easy for the audience to follow. We will focus
on:
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Beamer
on:
1 Columns
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Beamer
on:
1 Columns
2 Blocks
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Beamer
on:
1 Columns
2 Blocks
3 Boxes (Borders)
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Beamer
The column environment is called as shown below:
First column text Second column text
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Beamer
The column environment is called as shown below:
First column text Second column text
where .xx is the percentage of the width of the slide.
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