This document provides an introduction to LaTeX, covering its history and origins, installation, basic document structure, fonts and formatting, tables, figures, lists, references, mathematics typesetting, code listings, bibliography features, TikZ graphics, and useful LaTeX resources. It describes LaTeX as a document markup language released in 1984 as an abbreviation of Lamport TeX, based on the TeX typesetting system developed by Donald Knuth in 1978.

1. Brief intro to L
ATEX
Veronika Heimsbakk
Brief intro to L
ATEX

2. ∠ A document markup language.
∠ Released in 1984.
∠ L
ATEXan abbreviation for Lamport TEX.
‡ https://github.com/latex3/latex2e
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ATEX

3. TEX
TEX (τχ) is an abbreviation τχνη—TEXNH—technē. Greek for art and craft, root
for technical.
∠ Released in 1978 by Donald Knuth.
∠ Typesetting system.
∠ Developed to let anyone on any machine could create books and documents of
high quality.
∠ https://www.tug.org/texlive/devsrc/Build/source/texk/web2c/tex.web
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ATEX

4. Installation
∠ TeXworks, Kile, Vim, Emacs etc.
∠ Package handling: MikTeX, MacTeX
∠ apt-get install texlive
∠ Browser based Overleaf1
1 https://www.overleaf.com/
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ATEX

5. Mitt første dokument
documentclass[a4paper, 10pt]{article}
begin{document}
My first document!
end{document}
A lot of options for documentclass.
documentclass[options]{class}
∠ Options: font size, paper size, twoside/oneside, landscape etc.
∠ Class: book, article, report, minimal, beamer etc.
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ATEX

6. Packages
For language and type faces.
usepackage[norsk]{babel}
usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
A lot of packages for anything! More on this later...
usepackage{hyperref}
usepackage{mathtools}
usepackage{listings}
usepackage{graphicx}
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ATEX

7. Author and title
title{Introduction to LaTeX{}}
author{Veronika Heimsbakkveronika.heimsbakk@capgemini.com}
begin{document}
maketitle
end{document}
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ATEX

8. Sections
section{Section}
This is section 1!
subsection{Sub section}
This is section 1's first sub section.
subsubsection{Sub sub section}
This is section 1's first sub section's sub section!
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ATEX

9. Paragrafer
paragraph{Paragraph}
This is a paragraph.
subparagraph{Sub paragraph}
This is the paragraph's sub paragraph.
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ATEX

10. Misc.
% This is a comment.
newline
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ATEX

11. Fonts
textbf textit texttt underline
Bold Italic Typeface Underscore
textbf{Bold}
bfseries{Bold}
textit{Italic}
itshape{Italic}
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ATEX

12. Fonts, packages
∠ Several packages for font styling.
∠ soul, color, . . .
st textcolor{red}{Rød tekst}
Strike through Red text
caps so
Small Capitals s p a c e y s t u f f
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ATEX

13. Fonts, sizing
tiny Example text
scriptsize Example text
footnotesize Example text
small Example text
normalsize Example text
large Example text
Large Example text
LARGE Example text
huge Example text
Huge Example text
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ATEX

14. Fonts, type faces
normalfont Example text
rmfamily Example text
sffamily Example text
ttfamily Example text
A lot of type faces to explore in L
ATEX. Check out http://www.tug.dk/FontCatalogue/
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ATEX

15. Tables
begin{tabular}[h!]{|l|r|c|}
textbf{Table} textbf{Table} textbf{Table}
hline
one two three
four five six
seven eight nine
end{tabular}
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ATEX

16. Table
Table Table Table
one two three
four five six
seven eight nine
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ATEX

17. table
Table Table Table
one two three
four five six
seven eight nine
Table: Example of a table.
begin{table}[h!]
centering
begin{tabular}[h!]{|l|r|c|}
textbf{Table} textbf{Table} textbf{Table}
hline
one two three
four five six
seven eight nine
end{tabular}
caption{Eksempel på en tabell.}
label{tab:example}
end{table}
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ATEX

18. References
∠ May use label for references.
∠ Example på reference to tabel 1.
∠ pageref, ref, cite
Example på reference to tabel ref{tab:example}.
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ATEX

19. References
Need tagging of reference.
sec: section
subsec: subsection
fig: figure
tab: table
eq: equation
itm: enumerated list item
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ATEX

20. Figure
begin{figure}[h!]
centering
includegraphics[width=textwidth]{img/latexlogo.png}
caption{LaTeX{} logo.}
end{figure}
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ATEX

21. Figure placement
h here
t top of page
b bottom of page
! Override internal L
ATEXparameters that fixes good float for the position
H Equal to ht!
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ATEX

22. Lists, itemize
∠ This is a list element.
∠ This is another list element.
begin{itemize}
item
This is a list element.
item
This is another list element.
end{itemize}
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ATEX

23. Lists, enumeration
1. This is a list element.
1.1 This is another list element.
begin{enumerate}
item
This is a list element.
begin{enumerate}
item
This is another list element.
end{enumerate}
end{enumerate}
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ATEX

24. Lists, description
* This is a list element.
Element This is another list element.
begin{description}
item[*] This is a list element.
item[Element] This is another list element.
end{description}
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ATEX

25. Emph, footnotes and verbatim
Everything is allowed in verbatim (except from verbatim).
This is a verbatim.
This is a emph.
Example text with footnote.2
emph{ ... }
footnote{ ... }
2This is a footnote.
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ATEX

26. Hyperlinks
Include the package hyperref.
http://tug.org/
TEX Users Group web site
veronahe@ifi.uio.no
url{http://tug.org/}
href{http://tug.org/}{TeX{} Users Group web site}
href{mailto:veronahe@ifi.uio.no}{veronahe@ifi.uio.no}
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ATEX

27. Mathematics
Environment from TEX
$ ... $ % In-line equation
$$ ... $$ % Highlighted equation
In-line equation ∀x ∈ X, ∃y ≤
Highlighted equation
∀x ∈ X, ∃y ≤
forall x in X, quad exists y leq epsilon
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ATEX

28. Mathematics
Environment, new in L
ATEX
( ... ) % In-line equation
[ ... ] % Highlighted equation
In-line equation ∀x ∈ X, ∃y ≤
Highlighted equation
∀x ∈ X, ∃y ≤
Alternative ways of writing equations
∠ begin{equation}
∠ begin{align}
∀x ∈ X, ∃y ≤ (1)
align will enumerate equations.
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ATEX

29. Symbols
Symbol Command
∩ cap
∪ cup
⊆ subseteq
≡ equiv
∈ in
/
∈ notin
∧ land
∨ lor
|= models
∅ emptyset
Λ Lambda
λ lambda
∠ The Comprehensive L
ATEXSymbol List
∠ L
ATEXWiki Mathematics
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ATEX

30. lstlistings
1 public class Code {
2 public static void main ( String [ ] args ) {
3 System . out . println ( Hello , world ! ) ;
4 }
5 }
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ATEX

31. Innstillinger for lstlistings
lstset{
language=Java,
keywordstyle=color{blue},
stringstyle=color{red},
numbers=left,
numberstyle=tinycolor{lightgray},
tabsize=2
}
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ATEX

32. lstlistings
begin{lstlisting}
public class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(Hello, world!);
}
}
end{lstlisting}
Load code by using lstinputlisting{source_filename.py}
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ATEX

33. Languages supported by lstlistings
ABAP, ACSL, Ada, Algol, Ant, Assembler, Awk, bash, Basic, C#, C++, C, Caml, Clean,
Cobol, Comal, csh, Delphi, Eiffel, Elan, erlang, Euphoria, Fortran, GCL, Go (golang),
Gnuplot, Haskell, HTML, IDL, inform, Java, JVMIS, ksh, Lisp, Logo, Lua, make,
Mathematica, Matlab, Mercury, MetaPost, Miranda, Mizar, ML, Modelica, Modula-2,
MuPAD, NASTRAN, Oberon-2, Objective C , OCL, Octave, Oz, Pascal, Perl, PHP, PL/I,
Plasm, POV, Prolog, Promela, Python, R, Reduce, Rexx, RSL, Ruby, S, SAS, Scilab, sh,
SHELXL, Simula, SQL, tcl, TEX, VBScript, Verilog, VHDL, VRML, XML, XSLT
Add custom keywords with morekeywords in lstset.
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ATEX

34. Bibliography
A simple reference system included in L
ATEX.
begin{thebibliography}
bibitem{tolkien77}
J.R.R. Tolkien,
textit{The Silmarillion},
George Allen Unwin, United Kingdom,
1st edition,
1977.
end{thebibliography}
Use cite to reference to bibitem{tolkien77}
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ATEX

35. TikZ
1
2
4 5
3
A
B
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ATEX

36. TikZ
usepackage{tikz}
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ATEX

37. Draw
begin{tikzpicture}
draw (0,0) -- (5,0);
end{tikzpicture}
Standard unit (cm)
em
pt
mm
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ATEX

38. Shapes
usetikzlibrary{shapes}
draw (0,0) rectangle (2,2); draw (0,0) circle (1);
draw (0,0) ellipse (1 and 0,5);
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ATEX

39. Options
draw[draw=yellow, thick, fill=orange] (0,0) rectangle (2,2);
draw[draw=none, fill=teal] (0,0) circle (1);
draw[draw=red, ultra thick, dashed] (0,0) ellipse (1 and 0.5);
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ATEX

40. Tree
1
2 3
4 5
node {1}
child {node {2}}
child {node {3}
child {node {4}}
child {node {5}}
}
;
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ATEX

41. Style for all nodes
1
2 3
4 5
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ATEX

42. Style for all nodes
begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={circle, draw=black}]
node {1}
child {node {2}}
child {node {3}
child {node {4}}
child {node {5}}
}
;
end{tikzpicture}
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ATEX

43. Intelligence: Finding an error in a Knuth text.
Stupidity: Cashing that $2.56 check you got.
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ATEX

44. Useful resources
∠ TEX Users Group
∠ TEXample
∠ TikZ PGF Manual
∠ L
ATEXWiki
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ATEX