This document provides an overview of relational database management systems (RDBMS). It defines key database concepts like data, information, and database systems. It also explains the hierarchical structure of DBMS and compares flat file databases to relational databases. Relational databases incorporate multiple normalized tables that can be related to each other, while flat files put all data in a single table without relationships between files.

1. Advance Database Systems
Overview of RDBMS

2. Contents
• Database Definitions and Advantages of RDBMS
• Hierarchical Structure of DBMS

3. Why you Should take this Course
Jonathan Abrams Friendster fails
due to not optimized and efficient
Database System
Mark Zuckerberg Facebook did not fail
due to optimized and efficient
Database System

4. Database Definitions and Advantages of RDBMS
• An organized collection of information in computerized format.
• A collection of information organized and presented to serve a
specific purpose.
• Thetermdatabaseisoftenincorrectlyreferredtoasasynonymfora“databa
semanagementsystem(DBMS)”.

6. Data and Information
• Data is the collection of raw facts collected from any specific
environment for a specific purpose.
• Data in itself doesnot show anything about its environment, so to get
desired types of results from the data we transform it into
information by applying certain processing on it.
• Once we have processed data using different methods; than data is
converted into meaningful form and that form of the Data is called
information.

7. • If we consider the data in the previous figure without the titles or the
labels associated with the data (EmpName, age, salary) then; it is not
much useful.
• However, after attaching these labels it brings some meanings to us,
this meaningfulness is further increased when we associate some
other labels, like the company name and the department name etc.
• So this is a very simple example of processing that we can do on the
data to make it information.

9. Database Systems
• Thetermdatabasesystemisacombinationofdat
abaseandtheDatabaseManagementSystem(D
BMS).
• So, database is collection of meaningful
data/information, DBMS is a tool to manage
this data, and both jointly are called database
system.

10. Why Use Models?
• Models can be useful when we want to examine or manage part of the real
world.
• The costs of using a model are often considerably lower than the costs of
using or experimenting with the real world itself.
• Examples:
• Network Model Simulation for an Organization in Packet Tracer
• World Map
• ERD for Relational Database Systems.

11. Hierarchical Structure of DBMS

24. Flat File Vs Relational Database System
• A flat file database is a database designed around a single table.
• The flat file design puts all database information in one table or list
with field store present all parameters.
• A flat file may contain many fields, often with duplicate data that are
prone to data corruption.
• If you decide to merge data between two flat files, you need to copy
and paste relevant information from one file to the other.
• There is no automation between flat files.
• If you have two or more flat files that contain client addresses, for
example, and a client moved, you would have to manually modify the
address parameters in each file that contains that client’s information.

25. Relational Database System
• A relational database, on the other hand, incorporates
multiple tables with methods for the tables to work
together.
• The relationships between table data can be ordered,
merged and displayed in database forms.
• These tables are to be normalized up to 3rd Normal Form
(3-NF).