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Adjectives
An adjective is a word that is used to describe
something or someone.
They are formed from:
• Nouns: la tradition – traditionnel(le)
• Present participles: vivant – vivant(e)
• Past participles: fumé – fumé(e)
In French, adjectives have to agree with the
noun that it is describing, whether it is
masculine, feminine, singular or plural.
Here are the general endings for adjectives:
Ma mère a les cheveux blonds.
Elle a des amies françaises.
Masculine Feminine
Singular - E
Plural S ES
However, adjectives which already end in E
doesn’t need another one in the feminine but
an S still needs to be added for plurals.
Une amie timide
Des cousins timides
For adjectives that end in a single consonant,
double the consonant and add E:
Masculine Feminine
EL culturel culturelle
IL gentil gentille
AS gras grasse
ET muet muette
EN ancien ancienne
Some adjectives have their own patterns:
• ER changes to ÈRE
Premier/première
• X changes to SE
Heureux/heureuse
- Exceptions: Faux/fausse
• EUR changes to EUSE
Menteur/menteuse
- Exceptions: Meilleur, extérieur, intérieur (just add an E)
• F changes to VE
Sportif/sportive
• C changes to CHE or QUE
Blanc/blanche
Public/publique
• Adjectives that end in X don’t require an S in
the plural.
Mes parents heureux
• Adjectives ending in AL or EAU change to AUX
in the plural.
Beau/beaux
International/internationaux
Here are some examples of adjectives which
don’t change whether they are masculine,
feminine, singular or plural:
• Marron
• Sympa
• Orange
• Super
• This also applies to any compound colours:
Une robe vert clair
Negative adjectives
• Some adjectives become negative using a prefix:
- (in)croyable
- (im)possible
- (ir)réel
- (mé)content
- (mal)honnête
• Some adjectives become negative by placing the
words PAS TRÈS or PEU:
Peu amusant
Pas très intéressant
Some adjectives have their own patterns whether
they are masculine, feminine, singular or plural:
Beau, nouveau, and vieux become bel, nouvel and
vieil before a masculine noun that starts with a
vowel or a silent H.
Masculine
Singular
Feminine
singular
Masculine
Plural
Feminine
plural
beau belle beaux belles
nouveau nouvelle nouveaux nouvelles
long longue longs longues
bon bonne bons bonnes
gros grosse gros grosses
vieux vielle vieux vielles
Position of adjectives
• Most adjectives go after the noun
Les cheveux blonds
• Some adjectives go before the noun
Les nouvelles technologies
Position of adjectives
The following adjectives can go before and after the
noun but their meaning is different depending on
the position of the adjective:
Son ancien mari/une femme ancienne
Adjective Meaning before the noun Meaning after the noun
grand tall great
ancien Previous/former old
cher dear expensive
propre own clean
brave decent brave
• When there are several adjectives describing
one noun, all adjectives are in their normal
places
Les beaux yeux bleus
• If there are two adjectives after the noun,
they are linked with ET
Un maillot de foot bleu et blanc
• When an adjective describes two or more
nouns which are a mixture of masculine and
feminine nouns, the adjective takes on the
masculine plural form
Un stylo et une gomme bleus.

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Adjectives

  • 2. An adjective is a word that is used to describe something or someone. They are formed from: • Nouns: la tradition – traditionnel(le) • Present participles: vivant – vivant(e) • Past participles: fumé – fumé(e)
  • 3. In French, adjectives have to agree with the noun that it is describing, whether it is masculine, feminine, singular or plural. Here are the general endings for adjectives: Ma mère a les cheveux blonds. Elle a des amies françaises. Masculine Feminine Singular - E Plural S ES
  • 4. However, adjectives which already end in E doesn’t need another one in the feminine but an S still needs to be added for plurals. Une amie timide Des cousins timides
  • 5. For adjectives that end in a single consonant, double the consonant and add E: Masculine Feminine EL culturel culturelle IL gentil gentille AS gras grasse ET muet muette EN ancien ancienne
  • 6. Some adjectives have their own patterns: • ER changes to ÈRE Premier/première • X changes to SE Heureux/heureuse - Exceptions: Faux/fausse • EUR changes to EUSE Menteur/menteuse - Exceptions: Meilleur, extérieur, intérieur (just add an E) • F changes to VE Sportif/sportive • C changes to CHE or QUE Blanc/blanche Public/publique
  • 7. • Adjectives that end in X don’t require an S in the plural. Mes parents heureux • Adjectives ending in AL or EAU change to AUX in the plural. Beau/beaux International/internationaux
  • 8. Here are some examples of adjectives which don’t change whether they are masculine, feminine, singular or plural: • Marron • Sympa • Orange • Super • This also applies to any compound colours: Une robe vert clair
  • 9. Negative adjectives • Some adjectives become negative using a prefix: - (in)croyable - (im)possible - (ir)réel - (mé)content - (mal)honnête • Some adjectives become negative by placing the words PAS TRÈS or PEU: Peu amusant Pas très intéressant
  • 10. Some adjectives have their own patterns whether they are masculine, feminine, singular or plural: Beau, nouveau, and vieux become bel, nouvel and vieil before a masculine noun that starts with a vowel or a silent H. Masculine Singular Feminine singular Masculine Plural Feminine plural beau belle beaux belles nouveau nouvelle nouveaux nouvelles long longue longs longues bon bonne bons bonnes gros grosse gros grosses vieux vielle vieux vielles
  • 11. Position of adjectives • Most adjectives go after the noun Les cheveux blonds • Some adjectives go before the noun Les nouvelles technologies
  • 12. Position of adjectives The following adjectives can go before and after the noun but their meaning is different depending on the position of the adjective: Son ancien mari/une femme ancienne Adjective Meaning before the noun Meaning after the noun grand tall great ancien Previous/former old cher dear expensive propre own clean brave decent brave
  • 13. • When there are several adjectives describing one noun, all adjectives are in their normal places Les beaux yeux bleus • If there are two adjectives after the noun, they are linked with ET Un maillot de foot bleu et blanc • When an adjective describes two or more nouns which are a mixture of masculine and feminine nouns, the adjective takes on the masculine plural form Un stylo et une gomme bleus.