The document summarizes rules for forming the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs in English. It explains that one-syllable adjectives typically take -er and -est endings, while two-syllable adjectives and adverbs formed from adjectives plus -ly may take more/most forms. It provides examples of irregular forms and spelling rules for adjectives ending in consonant+y, a single vowel+consonant, and -e. Exercises are included to practice the comparative and superlative forms.

1. Mrs. Anabel Montes - English teacher

2. COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
•One-syllable adjectives add –er for the
comparative and –est for the superlative.
 small
 nice
 big
 warm
 hot
 smaller smallest
 nicer nicest
 bigger biggest
 warmer warmest
 hotter hottest
* We use more and most before words ending in
–ed, e.g. bored > more bored

3. COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
•We use more and most with two-syllable
adjectives not ending in –y, and with longer
ones.
 careful
 boring
 famous
 exciting
 reliable
 more careful most careful
 more boring most boring
 more famous most famous
 more exciting most exciting
 more reliable most reliable

4. COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
•Two-syllable adjectives ending in
consonant + y lose y and add –ier and -iest
 busy
 happy
 dirty
 busier busiest
 happier happiest
 dirtier dirtiest
 Some two-syllable adjectives not ending in
“-y” also add -er / -est; e.g. narrow,
clever, gentle, quiet, simple.

5. COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
Spelling rules for the –er/-est endings
•Adjectives ending in –e add –r / -st, e.g.
finer, safest, larger
•Adjectives ending in consonant + y lose y
and add –ier / -iest, e.g.
lovelier, luckiest, prettier
•Adjectives ending in a single vowel + single
consonant double the consonant, e.g.
fitter, sadder, thinner, wettest, hottest

6. COMPARISON OF ADVERBS:
•Some adverbs have the same form as
an adjective. They add –er / -est, e.g.
earlier, fastest, harder, highest
•Many adverbs are an adjective + ly.
They form the comparative and
superlative with more / most, e.g.
more easily, most carefully, more
slowly

7. IRREGULAR FORMS:
•Some adjectives / adverbs have irregular
forms:
 good/well
 bad/badly
 far
 better best
 worse worst
 farther farthest
further furthest
 We can use elder / eldest instead of older
/ oldest for people in the same family.

8. Mrs. Anabel Montes - English teacher

9. EXERCISES
1. Make sentences using the
comparative and superlative form :

10. FRUIT
FRIES
CHOCOLATE
Healthy
Tasty
Fattening

11. Difficult
Easy

12. SPAIN
CANADA
JAMAICA
Cold
Hot
Populated

13. IRONING
CLEANING
COOKING
Boring
Useful

14. BIKE
SUV
ELECTRIC CAR
Cheap
Slow
Small

15. Amusing
Popular
Dangerous
ICE SKATING
AMERICAN
FOOTBALL
FOOTBALL
SNOWBOARDING

16. TOKYO
LA FELGUERA
MAUI
Noisy
Quiet
Crowded