A brief Description of Acrylic paints which is studied under enamel paints.

1. HISTORY
• In early 1934, the first usable acrylic resin dispersion was
developed by German chemical company BASF, which was
patented by ROHM and HAAS.
• The synthetic paint was first used in the 1940s, combining
some of the properties of oil and watercolor.
• Between 1946 and 1949, Leonard Bocour and Sam Golden
invented a solution acrylic paint under the brand Magna
paint. These were mineral spirit based paints.
• Acrylics were made commercially available in the 1950s.
• In 1950 water based acrylics were discovered. This became
popular in 1960s when pop artist used them such as Andy
Warhool.

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• Water-based acrylic paints were subsequently
sold as latex house paints. Interior latex house
paints tend to be a combination of binder
(sometimes Acrylic, Vinyl, PVA)
, filler, pigment, and water.
• Rowney (now part of Daler-Rowney since
1983) was the first manufacturer to introduce
artist’s acrylic paints in Europe, under the
brand name "Cryla".

3. Introduction
• Acrylic paint is a fast-drying paint made of pigment
suspended in acrylic polymer emulsion.
• Acrylic paints are water-soluble, but become water
resistant when dry.
• Depending on how much the paint is diluted with water, or
modified with acrylic gels, media, or pastes, the finished
acrylic painting can resemble a watercolor or an oil
painting, or have its own unique characteristics not
attainable with other media.
• Acrylic paint is typically used for crafting, or in art classes in
schools because it does not require any chemicals, and
rinses away with just water.
• It also is less likely to leave a stain on clothes than oil paint

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• Mediums are mixed with paint for thinning and
glazing, and can be used as an adhesive for
collage and mixed media work.
• Matte medium—dries flat without a glossy shine
• Gloss medium—dries with a glossy shine
• Blending medium—thins the paint while
increasing open time (the time the paint is wet)
to aid blending
• Flow improver—makes the paint flow evenly and
quickly

5. Grades
Commercial acrylic paints come in two grades:
• Artist acrylics (professional acrylics) - are created and
designed to resist chemical reactions from exposure to water,
ultraviolet light, and oxygen. Professional-grade acrylics have
the most pigment, which allows for more medium
manipulation and limits the color shift when mixed with
other colors or after drying.
• Student acrylics- have working characteristics similar to artist
acrylics, but with lower pigment concentrations, less-
expensive formulas, and fewer available colors. More
expensive pigments are generally replicated by hues. Colors
are designed to be mixed even though color strength is lower.
Hues may not have exactly the same mixing characteristics as
full-strength colors.

6. Varieties
• Heavy body acrylics - are typically found in the Artist and Student
Grade paints. "Heavy Body" refers to the viscosity or thickness of the
paint. They are the best choice for heavier paint applications and
will hold a brush or knife stroke Gel Mediums ("pigment-less
paints") are also available in various viscosities and used to thicken
thin paints, as well as extend paints and add transparency.
• Examples of Heavy Body Acrylics are Matisse Lukas Pastos
Acrylics, Liquitex Heavy Body Acrylics and Golden Heavy Body
Acrylics
• Medium viscosity acrylics - Fluid acrylics, Soft body acrylics, or High
Flow acrylics – have a lower viscosity but generally the same
pigmentation as the Heavy Body acrylics. Available in either Artist
quality or Craft quality, the cost and quality varies accordingly. These
paints are good for watercolor techniques, airbrush application, or
when smooth coverage is desired. Fluid acrylics can be mixed with
any medium to thicken them or to thin them for glazing applications.
• Examples of fluid acrylics include Lukascryl Liquid, Lukascryl
Studio, Soft Body and Golden Fluid acrylics

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• Craft acrylics can be used on surfaces besides canvas, such as
wood, metal, fabrics, and ceramics. They are used in decorative
painting techniques and faux finishes to decorate objects of
ordinary life. Although colors can be mixed, pigments are often not
specified. Each color line is formulated instead to achieve a wide
range of premixed colors. Craft paints usually employ vinyl or PVA
resins to increase adhesion and lower cost.
• Interactive acrylics are all-purpose acrylic artists' colors which have
the characteristic fast-drying nature of artists' acrylics, but are
formulated to allow artists to delay drying when they need more
working time, or re-wet their work when they want to do more wet
blending.
• Exterior acrylics are paints that can withstand outdoor conditions.
Like craft acrylics, they adhere to many surfaces. They are more
resistant to both water and ultraviolet light. This makes them the
acrylic of choice for architectural murals, outdoor signs, and
many faux-finishing techniques

8. Chemistry
• All paint is made of pigments, a binder and usually some
other additives. The binder is what locks the pigments in
place when the paint is dry. In the case of acrylics, the
pigments are suspended in a synthetic binder that forms a
film when the water evaporates. (Oils use organic binders
such as linseed oil; watercolors use gum another plant
product.)
• It’s the properties of the binder that make acrylic paints so
different from other media.
• The acrylic binder is quick-drying, making acrylic paint ideal
for layering, applying thick impastos, glazing and scumbling.
• Because the acrylic dries quickly through evaporation of
the water, a film will form within a matter of minutes, Once
the drying process is complete, the paint is chemically
stable.

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• The acrylic base is a milky, translucent liquid
when wet, which can make acrylic paint appear a
bit lighter wet than when dry.
• Acrylic paint becomes porous when dry, so a final
application of varnish is recommended after the
painting has dried .
• A mineral spirit acrylic varnish is a good choice, as
it can be removed later if needed.
• Storage of paintings in cold temperatures is not
recommended, the paint will become fragile.

10. Characteristics
Advantages
• water-based, which means
they can be thinned with
just water (no toxic spirits
are required).
• dry rapidly, so there is no
need to wait between
painting sessions for layers
to dry.
• once acrylics paints are dry
they are on the support to
stay.
• High durablity
Disadvantages
• Acrylic paints can contain
toxins within their pigments
• dry quickly they cannot be
easily blended to create the
“wet in wet” technique that
is popular with oil paints
• Once paint is dry, it cannot
be removed or altered.

11. THANK YOU