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This presentation discusses the support for interrupts in 8051. The interrupt types, interrupts versus polling etc are discussed. The register formats of IE, IP register are discussed. The concept of priority among the interrupts is discussed.
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INTERFACING ANALAOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER (ADC0808/09) TO 8051 MICROCONTROLLER SIRILsam
INTERFACING ANALAOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER (ADC0808/09) TO 8051 MICROCONTROLLER . LEARN HOW ADC WORKS ,SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATION METHOD . DIGITAL DATA OUTPUT CALCULATION
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An analog-to-digital converter (ADC, A/D, or A to D) is a device that converts a continuous physical quantity (usually voltage) to a digital number that represents the quantity's amplitude.
The conversion involves quantization of the input, so it necessarily introduces a small amount of error. Instead of doing a single conversion, an ADC often performs the conversions ("samples" the input) periodically. The result is a sequence of digital values that have been converted from a continuous-time and continuous-amplitude analog signal to a discrete-time and discrete-amplitude digital signal.
Keypad is a common interface with any microcontroller. This presentation gives details of keypad can be interfaced with 8051. The key pressed may be dispalyed on LCD/7 segment/LED displays.
INTERFACING ANALAOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER (ADC0808/09) TO 8051 MICROCONTROLLER SIRILsam
INTERFACING ANALAOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER (ADC0808/09) TO 8051 MICROCONTROLLER . LEARN HOW ADC WORKS ,SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATION METHOD . DIGITAL DATA OUTPUT CALCULATION
PIC A special purpose integrated circuit that function as an overall manager in an interrupt driven system.
It accepts request from the peripheral equipment,determines which of the incoming request is of the highest priority, ascertains whether the incoming request has a higher priority value than the level currently being serviced, and issues an interrupt to the CPU based on this determination.
An analog-to-digital converter (ADC, A/D, or A to D) is a device that converts a continuous physical quantity (usually voltage) to a digital number that represents the quantity's amplitude.
The conversion involves quantization of the input, so it necessarily introduces a small amount of error. Instead of doing a single conversion, an ADC often performs the conversions ("samples" the input) periodically. The result is a sequence of digital values that have been converted from a continuous-time and continuous-amplitude analog signal to a discrete-time and discrete-amplitude digital signal.
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
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Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
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An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
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Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
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1. Dr. Vithalrao Vikhe Patil College of Engineering,
Ahmednagar
Department of Information Technology
Lecture on
Unit No 6
ADC Interfacing with 8051 Microcontroller
Processor Architecture & Interfacing (S.E.I.T.)
Presentation By
Prof. Ms. M. S. Gunjal
Department of Information Technology
2. Objectives
What is ADC
Pin diagram of ADC0804
Pin description of ADC0804
Interfacing Diagram of ADC with 8051
Working of ADC
Timing Diagram
ADC0808/0809
April 23, 2020 2
3. ADC Stands for “Analog to Digital Conversion"
ADC converts the given analog value to a
digital value .
Sensors and transducers used in industry are
analog in nature.
It is necessary to convert the analog output
from the sensors to digital so that the
corresponding signal can be processed by the
controller.
ADC?
April 23, 2020 3
4. Continue…
ADCs are used everywhere when we have to
process, store or transmit an analog signal
in digital form.
ADCs are used in TV tuner cards.
There are lot of digital ICs available to
convert analog to digital.
In Microcontroller interfacing the frequently
used ICs are 0804 and 0808
ADC chips are either parallel or serial.
April 23, 2020 4
5. ADC0804
The ADC0804 IC is 20 Pin 8-bit parallel ADC.
It works with +5volts and has a resolution of
8 bits.
The ADC0804 is a commonly used ADC
module, for projects where an external ADC
is required.
In this ADC the conversion time varies
depending on the clocking signals applied to
CLK IN pin.
But the conversion time cannot be faster
than 110 microseconds.
April 23, 2020 5
6. Features of ADC0804 Family:
8-bit resolution ADC
Conversion time 110 μs
Access time 135 ns.
It has an on-chip clock generator.
It does not require any zero adjustment.
It operates on single 5V power supply.
Output meet TTL voltage level specifications.
April 23, 2020 6
8. Pin Diagram Description
Pin Symbol Descriptions
1 CS# Chip select is an active low input used to
activate the ADC0804 chip.
2 RD This is active low input signal. RD (Read)
Make this pin high(1) and after some time
low(0). This will bring data from internal
registers to the output pins after conversion
3 WR WR (Write) Make this pin low(0) to high(1) to
start conversion of data(analog to digital)
4 CLK IN Clock IN (CLK IN) Connect external clock to
this pin.
5 INTR# Interrupt (INTR) This pin automatically goes
low when conversion is done by ADC0804 or
when digital equivalent of analog input is
ready.
6 Vin(+) Vin (+) connect input analog sensor pin/input
voltage to this pin.
7 Vin(-) Vin (-) ground this pin.
April 23, 2020 8
9. Continue…
Pin Symbol Description
8 AGND AnalogGround (AGND) ground this pin.
9 Vref/2 Vref/2 set the reference voltage for analog
input(Very important pin discussed further)
10 DGND DigitalGround (DGND) ground this pin
11 to
18
D0 t0 D7 PIN 11 TO 18 ARE DATA PINS OUTPUT DATA
PINS
19 CLK R Clock R (CLK R) Used with clock IN pin when
internal clock source is used
20 Vcc +5 volts
April 23, 2020 9
10. ADC0804 reference pin (Vref/2)
Vref/2 is voltage reference pin of ADC0804.
Reference means that after this much
amount of voltage change at input, output
must increase by 1 or the set limit.
Vref/2 (pin-9) left open means input
voltage span is 0-5 volts and step size is
5/256=19.53 mV.
Voltage span means that the ADC can
measure in the range for example for the
above case from 0-5 volts.
step size it mean’s after the rise of 19.53 mv
at input the output increases by one unit. If
now output is 2 then after 19.53 mv
increase in input voltage output will be 3.
April 23, 2020 10
11. Different Vref/2 voltages and
corresponding analogue input voltage
spans.
Vref/2 (pin 9) Volts Input Voltage (volt) Step size(mv)
Left open 0-5 5/256=19.53
2 0-4 4/256=15.62
1.5 0-3 3/256=11.71
1.28 0-2.56 2.56/256=10
1.0 0-2 2/256=7.812
0.5 0-1 1/256=3.906
April 23, 2020 11
13. Working of ADC…
For every interfacing initialization is needed.
For ADC the initial values are
INTR=1; // interrupt for completion of ADC
process
rd=1; // read from 0804
wr=0; // start conversion write..
Next step is to start the process of
converting analog voltage to digital data
By changing the state of the write pin
transition from 0 to 1 will start the
conversion.
End of conversion will be acknowledged by
a change in the INTR state.
April 23, 2020 13
14. Steps for converting the analogue
input and reading the output from
ADC0804.
Make CS=0 and send a low to high pulse to
WR pin to start the conversion.
Now keep checking the INTR pin.
If conversion is not finished (INTR=1) , poll
until it is finished.
If conversion is finished (INTR=0), go to the
next step.
Make CS=0 and send a high to low pulse to
RD pin to read the data from the ADC.
April 23, 2020 14
16. ADC0808/0809
ADC 0809 is an 8 channel, 8 bit ADC.
It can convert an analog voltage input into
an 8 bit digital data output.
To select an input out of 8 options, there are
three select lines (C, B and A).
We put a channel number on these lines
(0…7) and latch it using ALE.
SC signal is given to indicate start of
conversion.
Reference voltage for conversion is provided
using +Vref and –Vref. The clock supply
needed for conversion is given through CLK
(typically ~ 1MHz).
April 23, 2020 16
17. ADC0808/0809
The end of conversion is indicated by the
ADC using EOC signal.
There is no Vref/2 in the ADC0808/0809
chip.
April 23, 2020 17
19. Analog Channel Selection
Selected Analog
Channel
C B A
IN0 0 0 0
IN1 0 0 1
IN2 0 1 0
IN3 0 1 1
IN4 1 0 0
IN5 1 0 1
IN6 1 1 0
IN7 1 1 1
April 23, 2020 19
20. Vref Relation to Vin
Vref (V) Vin (V) Step Size (mv)
Not Connected 0 to 5 5/256=19.53
4.0 0 to 4 4/256=15.62
3.0 0 to 3 3/256=11.71
2.56 0 to 2.56 2.56/256=10
2.0 0 to 2 2/256=7.81
1.0 0 to 1 1/256=3.90
April 23, 2020 20
21. Steps to program the
ADC0808/0809
Select an analog channel by providing bits to
A,B and C according to analog channel
selection.
Activate the ALE(Address Latch Enable)pin
by providing low to high pulse to latch in the
address.
Activate SC(start conversion) by L to H pulse
to initiate conversion.
Monitor EOC(end of conversion) to see
whether conversion is finished.
H to L output indicate data is converted and
is ready to picked up.
April 23, 2020 21
22. Continue…
If we do not use EOC,we can read the
converted data after a time delay.
Activate OE(output enable) to read data out
of ADC chip.
An H to L pulse to the OE pin will bring
digital data out of the chip.
OE pin is same as RD pin in other ADC chips.
April 23, 2020 22