Human Learning

1. Activity 4
Dolores Eugenia Albarracín A.
Chapter 4
HUMAN LEARNING

2. Learning and training
Methods
of traing
Behavior and goals of
a task
Evaluation
procedure
Determine short-
term and long term
evalaution
learning
Theories, extend definitond,
and schools of thought on
the topic of learring

3. Pavlo´s classical behaviorism
learning procedure in which a
biologically potent stimulus
It requires many qualifications were
first studied in detail by Ivan Pavlov
through experiments with dogs
Process that results from this
pairing, through which the neutral
stimulus comes to elicit a response.

4. Skinner - Operant Conditioning
Skinner introduced a new term into the Law of
Effect - Reinforcement.
It studied it by conducting experiments using
animals, namely rats, placing them in what he
called the "Skinner Box."
Operant Conditioning consists of changing
behaviour by the use of reinforcements which are
given after the desired response is achieved.

5. Ausubel's meaningful learning theory
significant contribution to
the fields of educational
psychology, cognitive
science, and science
education learnin
Ausubel believed that
understanding concepts,
principles, and ideas are
achieved through deductive
reasoning.
Ausube believes that
learning of new knowledge
relies on what is already
known.

6. Systematic Forgetting
Ausubel provided
explanation for the
universal nature.
Referred to as
proactive and
retroactive inhibition
It occurs in some
cases of subtractive
bilingualism
It imply for language
learning and teaching
Help to give
explanatory adequacy
to the notion.

7. Roger´s humanistic psychologist
The organism has one basic tendency and
striving - to actualize, maintain, and
enhance the experiencing organism
Rogers believed that every person could
achieve their goals, wishes, and desires in
life.

8. Types of learning
Signal learning- emotional, cognitive,verbal)
Stimulus- response learning connections.
Chaining- acquisition of phonological sequences
Distinction betweem verbal and nonverbal chains

9. Multiple discriminations
Concept learning– rules osf sintax, rules of observation
Principle learning- linguistic system
Problem and solving

10. Transfer, Interference and
overgeneralization
Transfer
Describe the
carryover of
previous
performance of
knowlegde
Positive transfer -
Knowledge
benefits the
learning task
Negative transfer-
performance
disrupts the
performance of a
second task.

11. Inductive and deductive reasoning
These are two polar of the
generalization process
Inductive-induce a general law or
rule that subsumes the specfic
instances.
Deductive- is a movement from a
generalization to specific instances.

12. Aptitude and Intelligence
Aptitude
Identification of a number of characteristics
of successful language learners.
The successful depending on the aptitude
od the students
Intelligence
Defined and measured in terms of linguistic
and logical mathematics abiliaties.
It is based on several generations of testing.

14. Comminity
language learning
• Students and teacher join together to facilite learning.
• In a context of valuing and prizing each individual in the group.
Suggestopedia
• It is a teaching method which is based on a modern understanding.
• how the human brain works and how we learn most effectively.
The silent way
• It focused on the importance of the affect, new methods
• It is characterized by its focus on discovery, creativity, problem solving and the use of accompanying materials.
METHODS