summary of Chapter 4

1. FACULTY: LINGÜÍSTICA
SUBJECT: ENGLISH TEACHING PRACTICUM
TEACHER: MGs: ROCIO ORTEGA
STUDENT: MACHISACA JUDITH
Activity 1.4
Hown humans learn in general
and how they learn a foreign
language
THEME:

2. Human would also need to devise
some methods of training.
Learning a foreign language can
increase the size of your brain.
LEARNING
AND
TRAING
Human learning determine as an
illustration of sorting out
cognitive what it means to
conclude that organism has
learned something.

3. THEORIES OF LEARNING
BEHAVIORISM COGNITIVE CONTRUCTIVISM
CLASSICALL OPERANT
Ausubels’
believes that
learning of new
knowledge
relies on what is
already known.
That is,
construction of
knowledge
begins with our
observation and
recognition of
events.
Roger analyzed
human behavior in
general it includes
the learning
process by means
of presentation.
Pavlov :
association
of stimuli &
reflexive
responses
Skinner:
governed by
consequences:
R- S ( reward)
No punishment
Programmed
Instrucción
He describes
language as an
system of verbal
operand.

4. TYPES OF LEARNING
1. SIGNAL LEARNING: the individual learner to make a general
diffuse response to a signal.
2. STIMULUS-RESPONSE LEARNING. The learner acquire a precise
response.
3. CHAINING: it is acquired by two or more stimulus- response connections.
4. VERBAL ASSOCIATION: is the learning of chains that are verbal.
5. MULTIPLE DISCRIMINATION: the individual learns to make a different
identify responses.
6. CONCEPT LEARNING student acquires the ability to make a common
response
7.PRINCIPLE LEARNING it functions to organize behavior and experience.
8. PROBLEM SOLVING is a kind of learning.

5. TRANSFER, INTERFERENCE
AND OVERGENERALIZATION
Describe the
carry over of
previous
performance of
knowledge
Positive
transfer -
Knowledge
benefits the
learning task
Negative
transfer-
performance
disrupts the
performance of
a second task

6. Induce a
general law
or rule that
governs the
specific
instances
INDUCTIVE
These are
two polar
of the
generaliza
tion
process
Inductive and
deductive
reasoning
It is a
movement
from a
generalizati
on to
specific
instances
DEDUCTIVE
REASONING

7. Aptitude and Intelligence
-This identify a number of characteristics as some
people are able to learn languages faster and more
efficiently than others.
The successful depending on the aptitude of the
students.
Defined and measured in terms of linguistic and
logical mathematics abilities.

8. Logical-
mathematical
Musical
Linguistic
INTELLIGENCES
Intrapersonal Spatial
Bodily-
kinesthetic
Interpersonal

9. METHODS OF LEARNING
Students and teachers join
together to facility learning in a
context.
This is lessened by means of the
supportive community.
It is teaching method which is
based on a modern understanding.

10. • The Silent Way Method of language
teaching is for students to work as
independent language learners.
• The role of the teacher is to draw the
learners' attention to the way that they
are going about the act of learning.
• TPR is a language teaching
method built around the
coordination of speech and
action; it attempts to teach
language through physical .
• Students respond to commands
that require physical movement.

11. The
natural
approach
This acquisition-focused approaches
communicative competence
progressing through three stages
IT is a method of foreign language
teaching which aims to apply the
principles of natural language
acquisition into classroom:
►helping beginners to become
intermediate.
►Enhancing communication skills.
►The primacy of meaning.

12. Conclusion
The acquisition of foreign language requires
meaningful interaction in the target language
to natural communication, because it helps
to acquire language and develop knowledge
of people.