This document discusses key concepts related to alternating current (AC) fundamentals. It defines sinusoidal AC voltages and currents using mathematical expressions involving amplitude, angular frequency, time, and phase. It describes different waveform properties like instantaneous value, peak amplitude, peak-to-peak value, period, frequency, and phase difference. It also defines important AC metrics like root mean square (RMS) value, average value, form factor, and peak factor - and provides the analytical methods to calculate these values from a sinusoidal waveform's maximum and minimum values.