The document discusses the challenges of road traffic congestion in Accra's central business district, highlighting its causes and the potential solution of road pricing. It notes a strong correlation between income and vehicle ownership, which contributes to congestion. A key finding is public willingness to collaborate with authorities on implementing road pricing, provided the use of generated revenues is transparently communicated.

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ABSTRACT
Humankind throughout the world is providing new ways of dealing with complex challenges that
confront our world from time to time. In some cases ‘old strategies’ are lending support to ‘new
strategies’ to efficiently deal with the problems that we face on daily basis. Road traffic
congestion is one such problem that most cities in advanced and developing economies are
confronted with today. In order to manage this ‘devil’-traffic congestion-effectively and
efficiently an attempt has been made to investigate the prospects/ problems of using road pricing
to reduce traffic congestion in certain sections of the network in the city of Accra.
The Central Business District of Accra, the study area, has consistently witnessed significant
economic growth since the country’s attainment of independence. This area experiences the
greatest influx of people and vehicles on daily basis due to the great amounts of economic,
political, social and other forms of activities that take place there. Thus, the area is the place that
receives the greater share of traffic congestion in this country since most people go there to
transact business routinely on a daily basis. This phenomenon greatly reduces mobility of people
and decreases accessibility to vantage points within the Central Business District.
This trend is very significant in many ways. Road traffic congestion as we tried to demonstrate
throughout the entire study is caused by a myriad of factors- human and non-human factors (such
as income, engineering nature of the roads, state of the roads etc.). As the wealth of a nation
increases, so it is with individuals (all things being equal). Employing both qualitative and
quantitative methods, this investigation came out with some interesting revelations. One of the
principal findings is the revelation of a very strong positive correlation (0.82) between income

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and vehicle ownership amongst private vehicle owners/drivers in the city of Accra within the
study area. Most literatures are of the view that such a relationship has ramifications on traffic
congestion in most cities, and Accra is no exception as the research has shown.
This work has also demonstrated that, there is a very strong will on the part of a cross section of
the citizenry to join forces with the authorities to jointly apply road pricing (should the need be)
to solve the problem of traffic congestion in the CBD of Accra. It also became clear that when
one decides to introduce road pricing as a mechanism to reduce congestion on certain arteries in
the CBD, certain things such as the use to which the revenue generated would be put should be
made perfectly clear to the public since this is a major factor that influences acceptance or
rejection of such an exercise.