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Glycation is a non-enzymatic process where reducing sugars react with free amino groups on DNA bases, forming advanced glycation end products (AGEs). This cross-linking produces fundamental lesions in biological systems and can increase oxidative stress through adducts like carboxymethyldeoxyguanosine and glyoxalated deoxycytidine. The presence of AGEs on DNA can lead to transpositional rearrangements and is associated with mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. AGEs also contribute to diseases of aging and diabetes like atherosclerosis and kidney and neurological problems. Depletion of antioxidants allows more glucose and its derivatives to bind to DNA, increasing glycation.
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2. In periodontitis, proinflammatory cytokines stimulate iNOS production in immune and epithelial cells, leading to increased NO levels that can have both protective and pathological effects.
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DNA DAMAGE AND REPAIR.pptx
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NST 190 Presentation
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Aadils ppt
- 1. Glycation 1
- 2. Glycation 2
- 3. Glycation is a process in which free amino group of DNA bases react non- enzymatically to reducing sugars leading to the formation of AGE’s. This cross linking produces one of the fundamental lesion in biological system. The nucleotide adduct formed by the DNA glycation has been found to increase oxidative stress. Some of them include N2-Carboxymethyldeoxyguanosine, 5- glyolyl deoxy-cytdine. 3
- 4. 4
- 5. The presence of AGE’s on DNA leads to unusual transpositional rearrangements , this damage to DNA is associated with mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. The AGE’s contribute to developing atherosclerosis, kidney, vascular and neurological diseases in diabetes and ageing process. The depletion of cellular antioxidants leads to increase in binding of glucose • and its derivatives to DNA. The cellular protection against oxidative damage to DNA achieved by enzymatic and non-enzymatic anti-oxidant that neutralize and detoxify reactive oxygen species. 5
- 6. Present study was designed to evaluate the influence of glucose on DNA isolated from human blood. Effect of Radical Scavengers on glycated DNA.
- 7. Extraction of DNA from blood samples by proteinase K buffer method. Glycation of Human DNA. Determination of Early Glycated Products in DNA(Johnson et al., 1984). Assay of Superoxide radical by NBT test(Nakayama et al., 1983). Effect of Various Scavengers on Glycated DNA. Thermal Denaturation and Agarose gel Electrophoresis. 7
- 9. Representative gel picture showing the integrity of DNA analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis (0.8%). Lane no. 1- 8 represent DNA samples isolated from different subjects.
- 10. 10
- 11. 2 1
- 12. 12
- 13. 1 2 3 4 5 13
- 14. 14
- 16. 1 2 3 4 5 16
- 17. 17
- 18. 18
- 19. 19
- 20. lane 1 lane 2 Agarose gel electrophoresis of native DNA (lane 1),Glycated DNA (lane 2) 20
- 22. The glycation of DNA results in the formation of nucleotide AGE’S leading to the alteration in DNA as analyzed by U.V spectra and thermal denaturation charateristics Amadori product content estimation confirmed the AGE’s induced modification of DNA Scavenging effect of GSH provide clue for the generation of free radical during glycation Glycation of DNA may be one of the pathogenic factor for diabetes milletus 22