This document provides a review of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques that have been used for supplier evaluation and selection, as described in academic literature from 2000 to 2011. It summarizes several approaches that have been proposed, including data envelopment analysis (DEA), mathematical programming models (linear programming, integer linear programming, integer non-linear programming, goal programming, and multi-objective programming), and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). For each approach, it provides examples of studies that have applied the approach and discusses the objectives, inputs, outputs, and models used. The review aims to identify the most prevalent approaches and discuss future directions for developing optimal solutions.
A NALYSIS O F S UPPLIER’S P ERFORMANCE T HROUGH F PIR /F NIR A ND M EM...csandit
In today’s highly competitive business environment,
evaluation of suppliers is the prime function
of the purchasing department of the organization. I
t is due to the fact that high percentage of the
material cost for manufacturing of a product is inv
olved. Identification of decision criteria and
methods for supplier evaluation are appearing to be
the important research area in the
literature. In this paper, hybrid methodology of Fu
zzy positive Ideal rating /Fuzzy Negative
Ideal rating and Membership Degree Transformation-
M (1, 2, 3) is proposed for evaluation of
supplier’s performance. A wide literature review is
made and six selection criteria namely:
Cost, Quality, Service, Business performance, Techn
ical Capability and Delivery performance
are considered for evaluation. A detailed applicati
on of the proposed methodology is illustrated.
The proposed methodology is useful not only to judg
e the overall performance of the supplier
but also to know which criteria/sub-criteria need t
o be improved
Relationships among Supplier Selection Criteria using Interpretive Structural...inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Selection of Best Supplier in Furniture Manufacturing Company by Using Analyt...IJERA Editor
The selection of supplier is one of the most critical decisions in the design and development of a successful production environment. In this study, a user friendly decision support system is proposed for supplier selection. This system guides the decision maker in selecting proper supplier via effective algorithms, such as the Analytic Hierarchy process (AHP) Cost analysis helps the user evaluate the results based on economical considerations. Selection of supplier is a time consuming process which needs extensive data exploitation. The process of supplier selection is a multi- criteria decision-making problem with conflicting and diverse objectives. In this work a systematic methodology is presented under the consideration of multiple factors and objectives that are witnessed to be crucial to the construction process. The model includes building an analytic hierarchy structure with a tree of hierarchical criteria and alternatives to ease the decision-making.
Supplier Selection and Order Allocation Models in Supply Chain Management: A ...IJERA Editor
Supplier selection decisions are an important component of production and logistics management for many
firms. Such decisions entail the selection of individual suppliers to employ and the determination of order
quantities to be placed with the selected suppliers. This paper reviews supplier selection and order allocation
models based on an extensive search in the literature (170 paper during 2000-2016) and tries to show their
contribution to supply chain management. After discussing different methods and their applications, the most
prevalently used approaches and criteria are presented. In the second step, different attributes of these papers are
defined and finally issues for future research are recommended
One of the most important issues concerning the designing a supply chain is selecting the supplier. Selecting proper suppliers is one of the most crucial activities of an organization towards the gradual improvement and a promotion in performance. This intricacy is because suppliers fulfil a part of customer’s expectancy and selecting among them is multi-criteria decision, which needs a systematic and organized approach without which this decision may lead to failure. The purpose of this research is proposing a new method for assessment and rating the suppliers. We have identified several evaluation criteria and attributes; the selection among them was by the Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) method, then we have specified the connection and the influence of the criteria on each other by DEMATEL method. After that, suppliers were graded by using the Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (FANP) approach and the most efficient one was selected. The innovation of this research is combining the SMART method, DEMATEL method, and Analytical Network Process in Fuzzy state which lead to more exact and efficient results which is proposed for the first time by the researchers of this study.
which supply chain strategies can guarantee higher manufacturer’s operational...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Due to the fact that scientists and practitioners alike have interested on the leveraging manufacturing companies’ operational performance, this research examined which supply chain strategies promise manufacturers higher operational performance. Later on, we clarified whether suitable resources can play an important role in the mentioned causal relationshipsas a moderator and improve the impact of the strategies on operational performance. This study is a descriptive-exploratory research in which primary data was collected from 80 Malaysian manufacturing companies. Bivariate Correlation and Multiple Regression in SPSS was applied for analyzing data. Output showed that many suppliers, few suppliers, and keiretsu network strategies enable manufacturers to achieve satisfactory level of operational performance; but, vertical integration. More importantly, suitable resources can leverage the effect of just vertical integration strategy on operational performance.
A NALYSIS O F S UPPLIER’S P ERFORMANCE T HROUGH F PIR /F NIR A ND M EM...csandit
In today’s highly competitive business environment,
evaluation of suppliers is the prime function
of the purchasing department of the organization. I
t is due to the fact that high percentage of the
material cost for manufacturing of a product is inv
olved. Identification of decision criteria and
methods for supplier evaluation are appearing to be
the important research area in the
literature. In this paper, hybrid methodology of Fu
zzy positive Ideal rating /Fuzzy Negative
Ideal rating and Membership Degree Transformation-
M (1, 2, 3) is proposed for evaluation of
supplier’s performance. A wide literature review is
made and six selection criteria namely:
Cost, Quality, Service, Business performance, Techn
ical Capability and Delivery performance
are considered for evaluation. A detailed applicati
on of the proposed methodology is illustrated.
The proposed methodology is useful not only to judg
e the overall performance of the supplier
but also to know which criteria/sub-criteria need t
o be improved
Relationships among Supplier Selection Criteria using Interpretive Structural...inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Selection of Best Supplier in Furniture Manufacturing Company by Using Analyt...IJERA Editor
The selection of supplier is one of the most critical decisions in the design and development of a successful production environment. In this study, a user friendly decision support system is proposed for supplier selection. This system guides the decision maker in selecting proper supplier via effective algorithms, such as the Analytic Hierarchy process (AHP) Cost analysis helps the user evaluate the results based on economical considerations. Selection of supplier is a time consuming process which needs extensive data exploitation. The process of supplier selection is a multi- criteria decision-making problem with conflicting and diverse objectives. In this work a systematic methodology is presented under the consideration of multiple factors and objectives that are witnessed to be crucial to the construction process. The model includes building an analytic hierarchy structure with a tree of hierarchical criteria and alternatives to ease the decision-making.
Supplier Selection and Order Allocation Models in Supply Chain Management: A ...IJERA Editor
Supplier selection decisions are an important component of production and logistics management for many
firms. Such decisions entail the selection of individual suppliers to employ and the determination of order
quantities to be placed with the selected suppliers. This paper reviews supplier selection and order allocation
models based on an extensive search in the literature (170 paper during 2000-2016) and tries to show their
contribution to supply chain management. After discussing different methods and their applications, the most
prevalently used approaches and criteria are presented. In the second step, different attributes of these papers are
defined and finally issues for future research are recommended
One of the most important issues concerning the designing a supply chain is selecting the supplier. Selecting proper suppliers is one of the most crucial activities of an organization towards the gradual improvement and a promotion in performance. This intricacy is because suppliers fulfil a part of customer’s expectancy and selecting among them is multi-criteria decision, which needs a systematic and organized approach without which this decision may lead to failure. The purpose of this research is proposing a new method for assessment and rating the suppliers. We have identified several evaluation criteria and attributes; the selection among them was by the Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) method, then we have specified the connection and the influence of the criteria on each other by DEMATEL method. After that, suppliers were graded by using the Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (FANP) approach and the most efficient one was selected. The innovation of this research is combining the SMART method, DEMATEL method, and Analytical Network Process in Fuzzy state which lead to more exact and efficient results which is proposed for the first time by the researchers of this study.
which supply chain strategies can guarantee higher manufacturer’s operational...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Due to the fact that scientists and practitioners alike have interested on the leveraging manufacturing companies’ operational performance, this research examined which supply chain strategies promise manufacturers higher operational performance. Later on, we clarified whether suitable resources can play an important role in the mentioned causal relationshipsas a moderator and improve the impact of the strategies on operational performance. This study is a descriptive-exploratory research in which primary data was collected from 80 Malaysian manufacturing companies. Bivariate Correlation and Multiple Regression in SPSS was applied for analyzing data. Output showed that many suppliers, few suppliers, and keiretsu network strategies enable manufacturers to achieve satisfactory level of operational performance; but, vertical integration. More importantly, suitable resources can leverage the effect of just vertical integration strategy on operational performance.
Selection of Supplier by Using Saw and Vikor MethodsIJERA Editor
Now a days, Lean manufacturing becomes a key strategy for global competition. In this environment the most important process is the efficient selection of suppliers. In any organization various criteria such as quality, cost, location etc are used for the selection of supplier which plays a vital role in the industry. In the present work multi criteria decision making (MCDM) methods are used such as SAW method and VIKOR method. It is used to select the best supplier for implementing the spring manufacturing industry. Choice of the efficient supplier could be a complicated and is a complex problem and this draw back associate degreed a key success for an organization. In this paper linguistic fuzzy data is used to search out the ratings and weights and also the introduced methodologies employed to pick the efficient supplier
https://utilitasmathematica.com/index.php/Index
Our Journal has recently transitioned to becoming a fully open-access journal. This transition marks a significant shift in the landscape of academic publishing, aiming to provide numerous benefits to both authors and readers. Open access has the potential to democratize knowledge, enhance research impact, and foster greater collaboration within the academic community.
https://utilitasmathematica.com/index.php/Index
Our Journal is now readily available to researchers, educators, policymakers, and the general public worldwide. This broader access facilitates interdisciplinary research and real-world applications of mathematical and statistical knowledge. It’s Journal as an open-access publication, fostering collaboration, innovation, and the democratization of mathematical and statistical knowledge.
The leadership of the Utilitas Mathematica Journal commits to strengthening our professional community by making it more just, equitable, diverse, and inclusive. We affirm that our mission, Promote the Practice and Profession of Statistics, can be realized only by fully embracing justice, equity, diversity, and inclusivity in all of our operations. Published in association with the Utilitas Mathematica Academy. This journal is the official publication of the Utilitas Mathematica Academy, Canada. It enjoys a good reputation and popularity at the international level in terms of research papers and distribution worldwide.
Our journal has to a fully open-access format is a significant step toward advancing the principles of open science and equitable access to knowledge. However, this transition also brings challenges, such as ensuring sustainable funding models and maintaining rigorous peer-review standards.
Most original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) are strategically involved in supplier base rationalization and increased consciousness of sustainable development. This reinforces need for accurately considering sustainability in supplier selection to improve organizational
performance. In real industrial case, problems are unavoidable and pose huge challenge to
accurately incorporate sustainability factors into supplier selection. Such problems include
imprecise data, ambiguity of human judgment, uncertainty among sustainability factors and the
need to capture all subjective and objective criteria
In recent years, management and, consequently, supply chain performance measurement, has attracted the attention of a large number of managers and researchers in the field of production and operations management. In parallel with the evolution of organizations from a single approach to a network and supply chain approach, performance measurement systems have also changed and moved towards network and supply chain performance measurement. Therefore, in order to face the storm of great change and transformation and not give in to the wave of competitive aggression, organizations have long had one thing in common, and that is to focus approaches and focus efforts towards achieving results. Results that lead to a competitive advantage and are more effective and decisive in the performance indicators of the organization, including earning more. In this study, in order to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the supply chain in manufacturing companies, using indicators such as cost, timely delivery and procurement time to evaluate the supply chain efficiency is considered. And performance evaluation was performed at the manufacturer level. Therefore, in order to evaluate the performance of the supply chain using the AHP integration approach and the DEA method approach in the fuzzy environment, the suppliers and suppliers of the manufacturing company were evaluated and ranked in terms of performance.
STRATEGIC EVALUATION IN OPTIMIZING THE INTERNAL SUPPLY CHAIN USING TOPSIS: E...Shiva Prasad
Most of manufacturing firm aims to optimize their Supply Chain in-terms of improved profitability of their products through value Addition. This study takes a critical look into the factors that affect the Performance of internal supply chain with respect to specific criteria’s. Accordingly, ranking these factors to get the critical dimensions of supply chain performance in the manufacturing industry. A semi-structured interview with the pre-defined set of questions used to collect the responses from decision makers of the firm. Multi criteria decision-making tool called TOPSIS is used to evaluate the responses and rank the factors. The results of this indicate that supplier relationship and inventory planning were most principal factors positively influencing on-time delivery of the product, production flexibility, cost savings, additional costs. This study helps to identify and optimize the process parameters using objective and subjective evaluation approach. The combined influence of thought process of manager to optimize the internal supply chain is extracted in this work.
Factors that Influence the Supplier Selection of Manufacturing BusinessesQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT : The objective of this study is to find out the factors that influence businesses in manufacturing industry while selecting suppliers. The data used in the study were obtained from 80 small and medium sized enterprises in Samsun organized industrial site and small industrial areas by using face-to-face questionnaire method. KMO and Barlett’s test were used to find out whether the data set used in the study was suitable for factor analysis. According to the results, KMO and Barlett’s test results (0.761) show that the sample size is sufficient for factor analysis. Factor analysis gave a 4 factor structure that explained 84.48% of the total variance. The names of these factors and their rates of explaining the total variance were quality 33.08%, delivery 20.29%, price 18.72% and criteria about the supplier 12.39%, respectively. Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficients of these four factors and their sub-components were 0.978, 0.967, 0.920 and 0.602, respectively. As a conclusion, it was found that the businesses in manufacturing industry placed great importance on the quality and delivery of the product provided by the supplier. In addition, manufacturing businesses aim to supply quality products from the supplier with the lowest cost within the same period of time in accordance with their objectives.
Decision support systems, Supplier selection, Information systems, Boolean al...ijmpict
For organizations operating with number of products/services and number of suppliers, to select the right
supplier meeting all their requirements will be a challenging job. Such organizations need a good
decision support system to evaluate the suppliers effectively. Several decision support systems have been
reported to deal with complex selection process to decide the right supplier. Many mathematical models
have also been developed. This paper presents a new method, named as Bit Decision Making (BDM)
method, which treats such complex system of decision making as a collection and sequence of reasonable
number of meaningful and manageable sub-systems by identifying and processing the relevant decision
criteria in each sub-system. Help of Boolean logic and Boolean algebra is taken to assign binary digit
values to the selection criteria and generate mathematical equations that correlate the inputs to the output
at each stage of decision making. Each sub-system with its own mathematical model has been treated as a
standardized decision sub-system for that phase of making decision in evaluating suppliers. The sequence
and connectivity of the sub-systems along with their outputs finally lead to selection of the best supplier. A
real-world case of evaluation of information technology (IT) tenders has been dealt with for application of
the proposed method. The paper discusses in detail the theory, methodology, application and features of
the new method.
Success in supply begins with the right choice of suppliers and in the long run is directly related to how suppliers are managed, because suppliers have a significant impact on the success or failure of a company. Multi-criteria decisions are approaches that deal with ranking and selecting one or more suppliers from a set of suppliers. Multi-criteria decisions provide an effective framework for comparing suppliers based on the evaluation of different criteria. The present research is applied based on the purpose and descriptive-survey based on the nature and method of the research. In the present study, two library and field methods have been used to collect information. According to the objectives of this study, suppliers will be evaluated using two methods of fuzzy hierarchical analysis with D-numbers. In order to better understand these two methods, a case study is presented in which suppliers are ranked using two methods and then the results are compared with each other. For manufacturing companies, 4 categories of parts were considered and based on the classification, the suppliers of the manufacturing company were evaluated and analyzed. In the results of suppliers of type A and B components in hierarchical analysis, D and fuzzy methods have many differences in the evaluation and ranking of suppliers, and this shows the lack of expectations of experts in D and fuzzy analysis. On the other hand, in type C and D components, the classification and ranking of suppliers have been matched in two ways and shows that the opinions in the evaluation of these suppliers are the same.
A BENCHMARK MODEL FOR INTERNAL ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRY USING FUZZY TOPSIS APPR...ijmech
Internal assessment is one of the most important factor of an industry, needs appropriate improvement
planning between the departments with development of Benchmark model among them. The proposed study
applies Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution to rank different alternatives.
The preliminary results indicate that the proposed model is capable of determining appropriate
competition between departments which are Human Resource, Finance, Production, Quality Assurance. To
remove the subjectivity, the linguistic data about the attributes is converted into a crisp score by using
fuzzy numbers and then the different alternatives are evaluated based on attributes by TOPSIS approach to
find the best alternative according to the industry’s requirement. Thus the endeavor has been made by the
authors to give a simple model for the evaluation of internal assessment of an industry
Selection of Supplier by Using Saw and Vikor MethodsIJERA Editor
Now a days, Lean manufacturing becomes a key strategy for global competition. In this environment the most important process is the efficient selection of suppliers. In any organization various criteria such as quality, cost, location etc are used for the selection of supplier which plays a vital role in the industry. In the present work multi criteria decision making (MCDM) methods are used such as SAW method and VIKOR method. It is used to select the best supplier for implementing the spring manufacturing industry. Choice of the efficient supplier could be a complicated and is a complex problem and this draw back associate degreed a key success for an organization. In this paper linguistic fuzzy data is used to search out the ratings and weights and also the introduced methodologies employed to pick the efficient supplier
https://utilitasmathematica.com/index.php/Index
Our Journal has recently transitioned to becoming a fully open-access journal. This transition marks a significant shift in the landscape of academic publishing, aiming to provide numerous benefits to both authors and readers. Open access has the potential to democratize knowledge, enhance research impact, and foster greater collaboration within the academic community.
https://utilitasmathematica.com/index.php/Index
Our Journal is now readily available to researchers, educators, policymakers, and the general public worldwide. This broader access facilitates interdisciplinary research and real-world applications of mathematical and statistical knowledge. It’s Journal as an open-access publication, fostering collaboration, innovation, and the democratization of mathematical and statistical knowledge.
The leadership of the Utilitas Mathematica Journal commits to strengthening our professional community by making it more just, equitable, diverse, and inclusive. We affirm that our mission, Promote the Practice and Profession of Statistics, can be realized only by fully embracing justice, equity, diversity, and inclusivity in all of our operations. Published in association with the Utilitas Mathematica Academy. This journal is the official publication of the Utilitas Mathematica Academy, Canada. It enjoys a good reputation and popularity at the international level in terms of research papers and distribution worldwide.
Our journal has to a fully open-access format is a significant step toward advancing the principles of open science and equitable access to knowledge. However, this transition also brings challenges, such as ensuring sustainable funding models and maintaining rigorous peer-review standards.
Most original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) are strategically involved in supplier base rationalization and increased consciousness of sustainable development. This reinforces need for accurately considering sustainability in supplier selection to improve organizational
performance. In real industrial case, problems are unavoidable and pose huge challenge to
accurately incorporate sustainability factors into supplier selection. Such problems include
imprecise data, ambiguity of human judgment, uncertainty among sustainability factors and the
need to capture all subjective and objective criteria
In recent years, management and, consequently, supply chain performance measurement, has attracted the attention of a large number of managers and researchers in the field of production and operations management. In parallel with the evolution of organizations from a single approach to a network and supply chain approach, performance measurement systems have also changed and moved towards network and supply chain performance measurement. Therefore, in order to face the storm of great change and transformation and not give in to the wave of competitive aggression, organizations have long had one thing in common, and that is to focus approaches and focus efforts towards achieving results. Results that lead to a competitive advantage and are more effective and decisive in the performance indicators of the organization, including earning more. In this study, in order to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the supply chain in manufacturing companies, using indicators such as cost, timely delivery and procurement time to evaluate the supply chain efficiency is considered. And performance evaluation was performed at the manufacturer level. Therefore, in order to evaluate the performance of the supply chain using the AHP integration approach and the DEA method approach in the fuzzy environment, the suppliers and suppliers of the manufacturing company were evaluated and ranked in terms of performance.
STRATEGIC EVALUATION IN OPTIMIZING THE INTERNAL SUPPLY CHAIN USING TOPSIS: E...Shiva Prasad
Most of manufacturing firm aims to optimize their Supply Chain in-terms of improved profitability of their products through value Addition. This study takes a critical look into the factors that affect the Performance of internal supply chain with respect to specific criteria’s. Accordingly, ranking these factors to get the critical dimensions of supply chain performance in the manufacturing industry. A semi-structured interview with the pre-defined set of questions used to collect the responses from decision makers of the firm. Multi criteria decision-making tool called TOPSIS is used to evaluate the responses and rank the factors. The results of this indicate that supplier relationship and inventory planning were most principal factors positively influencing on-time delivery of the product, production flexibility, cost savings, additional costs. This study helps to identify and optimize the process parameters using objective and subjective evaluation approach. The combined influence of thought process of manager to optimize the internal supply chain is extracted in this work.
Factors that Influence the Supplier Selection of Manufacturing BusinessesQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT : The objective of this study is to find out the factors that influence businesses in manufacturing industry while selecting suppliers. The data used in the study were obtained from 80 small and medium sized enterprises in Samsun organized industrial site and small industrial areas by using face-to-face questionnaire method. KMO and Barlett’s test were used to find out whether the data set used in the study was suitable for factor analysis. According to the results, KMO and Barlett’s test results (0.761) show that the sample size is sufficient for factor analysis. Factor analysis gave a 4 factor structure that explained 84.48% of the total variance. The names of these factors and their rates of explaining the total variance were quality 33.08%, delivery 20.29%, price 18.72% and criteria about the supplier 12.39%, respectively. Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficients of these four factors and their sub-components were 0.978, 0.967, 0.920 and 0.602, respectively. As a conclusion, it was found that the businesses in manufacturing industry placed great importance on the quality and delivery of the product provided by the supplier. In addition, manufacturing businesses aim to supply quality products from the supplier with the lowest cost within the same period of time in accordance with their objectives.
Decision support systems, Supplier selection, Information systems, Boolean al...ijmpict
For organizations operating with number of products/services and number of suppliers, to select the right
supplier meeting all their requirements will be a challenging job. Such organizations need a good
decision support system to evaluate the suppliers effectively. Several decision support systems have been
reported to deal with complex selection process to decide the right supplier. Many mathematical models
have also been developed. This paper presents a new method, named as Bit Decision Making (BDM)
method, which treats such complex system of decision making as a collection and sequence of reasonable
number of meaningful and manageable sub-systems by identifying and processing the relevant decision
criteria in each sub-system. Help of Boolean logic and Boolean algebra is taken to assign binary digit
values to the selection criteria and generate mathematical equations that correlate the inputs to the output
at each stage of decision making. Each sub-system with its own mathematical model has been treated as a
standardized decision sub-system for that phase of making decision in evaluating suppliers. The sequence
and connectivity of the sub-systems along with their outputs finally lead to selection of the best supplier. A
real-world case of evaluation of information technology (IT) tenders has been dealt with for application of
the proposed method. The paper discusses in detail the theory, methodology, application and features of
the new method.
Success in supply begins with the right choice of suppliers and in the long run is directly related to how suppliers are managed, because suppliers have a significant impact on the success or failure of a company. Multi-criteria decisions are approaches that deal with ranking and selecting one or more suppliers from a set of suppliers. Multi-criteria decisions provide an effective framework for comparing suppliers based on the evaluation of different criteria. The present research is applied based on the purpose and descriptive-survey based on the nature and method of the research. In the present study, two library and field methods have been used to collect information. According to the objectives of this study, suppliers will be evaluated using two methods of fuzzy hierarchical analysis with D-numbers. In order to better understand these two methods, a case study is presented in which suppliers are ranked using two methods and then the results are compared with each other. For manufacturing companies, 4 categories of parts were considered and based on the classification, the suppliers of the manufacturing company were evaluated and analyzed. In the results of suppliers of type A and B components in hierarchical analysis, D and fuzzy methods have many differences in the evaluation and ranking of suppliers, and this shows the lack of expectations of experts in D and fuzzy analysis. On the other hand, in type C and D components, the classification and ranking of suppliers have been matched in two ways and shows that the opinions in the evaluation of these suppliers are the same.
A BENCHMARK MODEL FOR INTERNAL ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRY USING FUZZY TOPSIS APPR...ijmech
Internal assessment is one of the most important factor of an industry, needs appropriate improvement
planning between the departments with development of Benchmark model among them. The proposed study
applies Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution to rank different alternatives.
The preliminary results indicate that the proposed model is capable of determining appropriate
competition between departments which are Human Resource, Finance, Production, Quality Assurance. To
remove the subjectivity, the linguistic data about the attributes is converted into a crisp score by using
fuzzy numbers and then the different alternatives are evaluated based on attributes by TOPSIS approach to
find the best alternative according to the industry’s requirement. Thus the endeavor has been made by the
authors to give a simple model for the evaluation of internal assessment of an industry
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. 802
Different researchers have proposed extensive MCDM techniques to provide a feasible and effective
solution to supplier selection problem, which mainly includes simple technique of weighted sum
model (WSM) to more complex ones like analytical hierarchy process (AHP), data envelopment
analysis (DEA), analytic network process (ANP), ELECTRE (Elimination Et Choix Traduisant la
REalite – ELimination and Choice Expressing the Reality), fuzzy approaches, PROMETHEE
(Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation), artificial neural network
(ANN) based approaches, simple multi-attribute rating technique (SMART), etc. This paper focuses
on the various MCDM techniques proposed in the past and try to evaluate them to find out the most
prominent technique. Different researchers have studied the literature survey in the past pertaining the
supplier evaluation and selection problem (Weber et al., 1991; Degreave et al., 1991; Holt, 1998;
Boer et al., 2000; Aamer & Sawhney, 2004; Tahriri et al., 2008; Ho et al., 2010; Cheraghi et al.,
2011). This paper extends the research by surveying different articles in different approaches of
MCDM models, and thereby tries to find out which approach is the most prevalent and the
approaches, which could prove to be more efficient.
2. Various approaches
The researchers have used various approaches to solve the complex and uncertain MCDM problems
of supplier evaluation and selection. Most of them mainly include DEA, mathematical models, AHP,
linear programming, ANP, SMART, etc.
2.1. Data envelopment analysis (DEA)
Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is an approach, which mainly focuses on the system efficiency.
This approach, considers suppliers and their processes as a system, in which the output (benefit) is
identified as the weighted sum of the outputs (e.g. delivery performance, quality, etc.) of the suppliers
and the inputs are the weighted sum of inputs (costs). Using the outputs and inputs, the efficiency of
the system is determined. Using DEA, the researchers have proposed how to find out the optimal
weights to maximize the supplier’s performance ratings (efficiency). The method is then used to
classify the suppliers as efficient and inefficient.
Inputs
of
sum
Weighted
Output
of
sum
Weighted
Efficiency =
Weber (1996) applied DEA for a single product and proposed a model from the organizations to use
it for supplier selection for other products as well. In his model, six vendors were evaluated who were
supplying some product to baby food manufacturing company. He showed how much reductions in
cost and improvement in quality could be achieved while maintaining the delivery performance.
Braglia and Petroni (2000) conducted a questionnaire survey with 89 manufacturing firms in Brescia
(Europe) and applied DEA to measure the related performance of various suppliers based upon the
article of Baker and Talluri (1997). They proposed nine evaluating factors to evaluate the suppliers.
Liu et al. (2000) came up with the simplified DEA model to evaluate the supplier performance with 3
inputs, price index, delivery performance and distance factor, and 2 output criteria which are supply
variety and quality. Forker and Mendez (2001) proposed the application of DEA to measure
comparative efficiency of suppliers. Comparative efficiency was calculated as a ratio of single input
to multiple outputs. Similar to Braglia and Petroni (2000), this article also focused on evaluating the
related performance of various suppliers based on the cross efficiencies. Specific to a multi-national
corporation in the telecommunication industry, Narasimhan et al. (2001) came up with proposed
evaluating factors to apply DEA for supplier evaluation. Out of the eleven factors considered, there
were six inputs, which denoted supplier’s capability and five outputs, which symbolized supplier’s
performance. They classified suppliers into four sections based on performance and efficiency. As
shown in Fig. 1, the researchers classified the suppliers into four quadrants to eliminate the less
desired ones.
3. P. Agrawal et al. / International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations 2 (2011) 803
Efficiency
Performance
High performance and high efficiency High performance and low efficiency
Low performance and high efficiency Low performance and low efficiency
Fig. 1. Classification based on performance and efficiency
Talluri and Baker (2002) used two input factors and four output factors to evaluate potential
stakeholders, which are suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers. They used three-phase
approach for logistic distribution network design. The optimal supplier was selected for different
locations and products as per the requirements. Using the same evaluating factors proposed by Talluri
and Sarkis (2002), Talluri and Baker (2002) they measured supplier performance by applying DEA
and showed that the model works. Talluri and Narasimhan (2004) proposed DEA for effective
sourcing purpose. The model used cross-efficiencies and statistical methods in clustering the supply
base. Garfamy(2006) applied DEA to minimize total cost of ownership (TCO) and proposed the
application of DEA in evaluating the supplier performance based on TCO; and tried to simulate data
of a hypothetical firm with the strategic aim of being able to reduce TCO with identification of
benchmarks. Ross et al. (2006) identified the DEA methodology as the basis for an iterative analytical
and broader framework - namely action research (AR). The proposed methodology fused both buyer
and supplier performance attributes and was found capable of delivering measurable and actionable
outputs.
There were two main goals: first, to set up a mutual and reciprocal understanding of the opposite
needs of the buyers and suppliers in the relationship dyad and, second, to discuss an approach, which
could help evaluate performance in the relationship. Saen (2006) developed a model based on DEA to
evaluate technology suppliers on mainly three factors. The idea was to propose a DEA based method
for selecting technology suppliers, knowing in advance the nondiscretionary factors from supplier’s
perspective and the qualitative factor, which ranked them on the scale of five. Seydel (2006) used
DEA to solve supplier selection issue. The important thing in this article was that unlike the other
approaches, no input was considered in this model. The article used seven point scales to rank the
qualitative aspects of the suppliers. Further the article points that the proposed DEA required less
effort than simple multi-attribute rating technique (SMART). Talluri et al. (2006) proposed a chance-
constrained DEA approach to evaluate supplier performance taking into consideration the stochastic
performance measures. This study proposed that in order to predict the supplier performance,
understanding the variability in vendor attributes is important. The input criteria considered was
price, while the outputs were delivery and quality. The comparison of the model with the
deterministic DEA highlighted its usefulness.
Wu et al. (2007) proposed an augmented DEA approach for selection of suppliers. The model was
capable to handle imprecise data to rank the efficient suppliers and covered the discrimination among
them based on discriminating efficient suppliers from relatively poor performers. The researchers
designed a web-based system to allow interested parties in supplier evaluation and selection. Kao
(2010) proposed common weight DEA for ranking alternatives and focused on measuring the relative
distance of the alternative from the ideal or best alternative as per the criteria and anti-ideal
alternative or worst alternative. If in case two options have the same distance from the ideal
alternative, then the one with higher distance from the anti-ideal would be selected as the better
option of the two and hence ranked higher. Mondal and Chakraborty (2010) proposed the idea of
selecting the flexible manufacturing system in an organization using DEA. Initially, the alternatives
were shortlisted on the basis of the best criterion as per Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes (CCR) DEA
model and then the shortlisted alternatives are ranked based on the weighted efficiency ranking
method of MCDM theory. Songhori et al. (2011) presented a structured framework to help decision
makers in selecting the best supplier for their firm using DEA. The proposed model had two separate
but dependent phases, which are the selection phase and the allocation phase.
4. 804
2.2.Mathematical Programming Models
2.2.1. Linear Programming
Talluri and Narasimhan (2003) are the first group of researchers who focused on the importance and
implications of performance variability in evaluating different suppliers. The researchers saw the
process as a system in which the main objective was to minimize the input items such as cost and to
maximize the outputs such as quality, delivery performance, etc. The researchers proposed two linear
programming (LP) models so that groups of homogenous suppliers can be easily identified, which
provides discriminate choices in final selection. Talluri and Narasimhan (2005) designed a linear
programming model to help decision makers or buyers select and evaluate different suppliers. The
model is based on quantitative measures to select potential suppliers considering the strengths of
existing suppliers and to eliminate underperforming suppliers, taking the case of a large,
multinational, telecommunications company. The researchers further compared the effectiveness of
the proposed model with traditional and advanced DEA, to determine its advantages. Ng (2008)
developed a weighted linear programming (WLP) model for supplier selection, using the subjective
and mathematical approach to maximize the supplier score. The researcher proposed a transformation
technique, which eliminates the need of optimization to solve the weighted linear program.
2.2.2. Integer linear programming
Talluri (2002) proposed a binary integer linear programming model for evaluating alternative supplier
bids. The researcher proposed the use of alternative bid ratings in selecting an optimal set of bids,
which satisfy the demand requirements. Talluri (2002) proposed four variations of the model to assist
the buyer in making effective decisions in different environments. Hong et al. (2005) developed a
model based on mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) for the supplier selection, which not only
maximizes revenue but also helps fulfilling customer's needs. The main objective was to find out
optimal number of suppliers and order quantity in order to maximize revenue with consideration of
variability in the customer needs and suppliers performance. Rajan et al. (2010) proposed supplier
selection model for multiproduct, multi-vendor environment based on integer linear programming
(ILP) model. The proposed model was validated on agriculture equipment wholesaler.
2.2.3. Integer non-linear programming
Ghodsypour and O’Brien (2001) used the concept of mixed integer non-linear programming to
propose a model to solve the supplier selection problem. The researchers’ model was designed to find
the optimum number of suppliers and order size to be allocated to each supplier, in order to minimize
the overall annual purchasing cost. The article was divided into two groups: single and multi
objective.
2.2.4. Goal programming
Karpak et al. (2001) are the first group of researchers who proposed goal programming (GP) model to
evaluate the suppliers. Quality, cost, and delivery performance were the three identified objectives.
The model was to find out the optimal quantity of products (ordered), subject to demand and supply
constraints.
2.2.5. Multi-objective programming
Narasimhan et al. (2006) developed a multi-objective programming model to solve supplier selection
problem and came out with the optimal order quantity. Five criteria, minimum order size, maximum
available supply, stipulate price, quality, and promised delivery-performance levels, were used to
evaluate the suppliers’ performance. Wadhwa and Ravindran (2007) proposed another multi-
objective programming model to solve the supplier evaluation and selection problem, wherein there
were three minimization functions: price, lead time, and rejections. To solve the resulted mentioned
5. P. Agrawal et al. / International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations 2 (2011) 805
cases, three solution approaches, weighted objective, goal programming and compromise
programming method, were used to discriminate and compare the solutions.
2.3.Analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
Akarte et al. (2001) identified eighteen criteria, six objective types and twelve subjective, for supplier
assessment and divided them into four groups: quality capability, product development capability,
manufacturing capability, and cost and delivery. The researchers developed a web-based system to
evaluate the suppliers. Muralidharan et al. (2002) developed a five-step AHP-based model, which
incorporated nine evaluating criteria for rating and selecting suppliers. People from different
departments, such as quality control, purchasing, and stores, were concerned in the selection process.
Chan (2003) developed selection model using AHP, which facilitated selection of suppliers. Chan
and Chan (2004) used AHP hierarchy to evaluate and select suppliers. Their model consisted of six
evaluating criteria and 20 sub-factors. Computations of different relative importance ratings were
performed based on the customer requirements. Liu and Hai (2005) used similar approach proposed
by Chan and Chan (2004) with a difference that they used Noguchi’s voting and ranking method.
This method helped manager in voting and in determining the criteria order instead of the weights.
Chan et al. (2007) proposed an AHP-based multi-criterion decision making approach of supplier
selection and their evaluation was performed based on 14 different criteria. They proposed a model to
provide a framework to select appropriate suppliers and provided some details on how to deploy
organization’s strategy for the suppliers. Hou and Su (2007) developed a distributed system to
identify appropriate suppliers for components in a mass customization environment. Their method
uses dynamic and robust method of evaluating product market position and development directions.
Chan and Chan (2010) proposed an AHP based model to solve the supplier evaluation and selection
problem taking the example of fashion industry. The article was mainly pivoted around the quick
response (responsive) strategy, largely followed by apparel industry. The researchers divided the
criteria into two major groups of performance criteria and company strategy based criteria. A total of
twenty nine criteria were identified out of which nineteen belonged to performance group and the rest
belonged to company strategy based criteria group, to have a strategic fit with the supplier. Kumar
and Roy (2011) proposed a rule based model with the application of AHP to aid the decision makers
in vendor evaluation and selection taking the power transmission industry. The article presented a
three-step model to calculate the performance scores of various vendors and select the best vendor.
The researchers also validated the proposed model taking the data from a multinational transformer
company.
2.4.Case based reasoning (CBR)
Choy and Lee (2002) proposed a generic model of CBR integrating customer relationship
management (CRM) and supply chain management (SCM) to identify appropriate supplier for the
products, services and distribution. Different evaluating criteria were categorized as: quality system,
technical capability, and organizational profile. The model was executed for a consumer products
manufacturing company, which maintained a database of past suppliers and their attributes. The
selection of supplier was performed by fulfillment of the defined specification. Choy et al. (2002),
Choy and Lee (2003), Choy et al. (2003a), Choy et al. (2003b), Choy et al. (2004), Choy et al. (2005)
applied the CBR based methodology for supplier selection problem. This approach was similar to the
one proposed by Choy and Lee (2002), including the framework for supplier selection. In addition,
testing on the data was performed for the same company based on the proposed model.
2.5.Analytic network process (ANP)
Sarkis and Talluri (2002) introduced a dynamic strategic decision model based on ANP (Saaty, 1996)
to help decision makers select best supplier for their firm, taking inputs from all managerial levels,
from strategic to operational, in the dynamic ever changing environment. The authors identified and
applied seven evaluating criteria to evaluate the suppliers. Bayazit (2006) proposed an ANP based
6. 806
methodology, which incorporates feedback and interdependent relationships in evaluating and
selecting best supplier for a firm. The researcher identified ten evaluating criteria in the model,
classified into supplier’s performance and capability clusters. A pair wise comparison matrix was
setup to formulate interrelationships among all criteria. Gencer and Gürpinar (2007) proposed an
ANP based model for an electronic company for supplier evaluation and selection with respect to
various evaluating criteria. The proposed model consisted of forty-five criteria classified under three
main criteria cluster.
2.6.Fuzzy set theory
Chen et al. (2006) proposed a hierarchy based MCDM model to deal with supplier selection problem.
The researchers proposed the linguistic values, expressed in trapezoidal or triangular fuzzy numbers
used to analyze the weights and the rate of the evaluation factors. The proposed model was validated
on a high technology manufacturing firm to select key suppliers for components of a new product.
Sarkar and Mohapatra (2006) developed a systematic framework to reduce the number of suppliers in
order to facilitate the decision makers in selecting the best supplier. They suggested that capability
and performance were the major dimensions in supplier selection. The researchers presented the
capability-performance matrix that help in arranging the suppliers in decreasing order of preference.
In order to validate the framework, a hypothetical case was considered to show how two best
suppliers were selected with four performance-based and ten capability-based factors.
Florez-Lopez (2007) presented an approach to obtain an index of supplier preference and considered
fourteen evaluating factors out of eighty-four potential value added attributes. The considered factors
were based on the survey of US purchasing managers. The researchers presented a two-tuple fuzzy
linguistic model to combine both numerical and linguistic information. Büyüközkan and Çifçi (2011)
proposed a novel framework based on fuzzy set theory for solving the multi-criteria decision-making
problem under incomplete relations. The researchers proposed the framework for sustainable supplier
selection based on some criteria such as time pressure, lack of expertise in the related area and
focused on the skill set and capability of the supplier in delivering the products called robust system.
Chang et al (2011) proposed fuzzy decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL)
method to effectively find evaluation factors for supplier selection. This method is based on practical
approach of finding key factors to improve supplier performance through different questionnaire.
Jiang and Chan (2011) proposed a methodology with the application of fuzzy set theory (FST), based
on twenty criteria to deal with supplier evaluation and selection problem. They used the Dempster
Shafer theory (DST) to combine the criterion data to calculate the final scores of the suppliers.
2.7.Simple multi-attribute rating technique (SMART)
Barla (2003) proposed a five-stage multi attribute selection model (MSM) for vendor evaluation and
selection taking the case of a glass manufacturing company. In the model, seven evaluating criteria of
reliability, capability, quality organization, geographic location, financial condition, service level and
price were considered. Huang and Keska (2007) presented an integration mechanism to form a
comprehensive and configurable metrics arranged hierarchically, which considers product type,
original equipment manufacturer (OEM)/supplier and the level of supplier integration. The model
was to find the best strategic fit between the firms and the supplier’s strategy based on the set of
metrics. The model was so developed that the best possible decision could be made based on the
chosen and validated set of metrics. The researchers presented a total of one hundred and one metrics
for supplier selection.
2.8.Genetic algorithm
Ding et al. (2005) proposed a new simulation optimization methodology to facilitate buyers in
evaluation and selection of suppliers. The researchers presented a Genetic Algorithm (GA) based
optimization methodology. The proposed methodology comprised three basic modules: a discrete-
7. P. Agrawal et al. / International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations 2 (2011) 807
event simulator, a GA optimizer, and supply chain modeling framework. The possible configurations
of the suppliers were selected and then validated on the basis of the key performance indicators.
2.9. Criteria based decision making methods
Almeida (2007) proposed the application of ELECTRE (Elimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalite –
ELimination and Choice Expressing the Reality) method for solving the supplier selection problem.
The article used ELECTRE for multi-criterion evaluation and used utility function to evaluate
different alternatives. Athawale et al (2009) proposed the application of PROMETHEE, Preference
Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation, to facilitate the buyers in the process of
supplier evaluation and selection. The scholars used the qualitative and quantitative criteria and their
relative importance to rank various suppliers, helping in better evaluation and selection. The
researchers verified the application of PROMETHEE taking the real life data of a company. Athawale
et al (2010) proposed the application of PROMETHEE-II in solving the complex MCDM problem of
supplier evaluation and selection. The researchers verified the application of PROMETHEE-II taking
the real life data of two companies. Zolghadri et al (2011) presented the concept of power based
evaluation and selection. According to the article, strong suppliers can exert more power to influence
the product development process for their own benefits. The researchers considered the customer
perspective in the dyadic relationship and proposed a method for estimating the relative powers of
supplier and buyer.
Fig. 2 The percentage distribution of the number of articles under various MCDM approaches
3. Conclusions
In this paper, sixty articles from various journals and conferences have been studied to find out the
most prominent MCDM methodology followed by the researchers. The distribution of the articles
under various classes of MCDM methods is shown in Fig. 2. The paper is intended to review
different methodologies proposed by many researchers for supplier evaluation and selection from
2000 to 2011. First, different approaches followed by the researchers were studied and then the most
prominent approach was identified. There were various approaches focused on qualitative and
Data
Envelopment
Analysis
30%
Mathematical
Programming
17%
Analytical
Hierarchy
Process
15%
Case Based
Reasoning
11%
Analytical
Network Process
5%
Fuzzy Set
Theory
10%
SMART
3%
Genetic
Algorithm
2%
Criteria Based
Methods
7%
8. 808
quantitative factors pertaining to the needs and specifications of the buyers. The most widely applied
methodology was data envelopment analysis (DEA), mainly attributed for its robustness.
There is a need to evaluate the suppliers based on the inputs of the strategic, functional and
operational levels. The implication of lean manufacturing and popularly used JIT approach has forced
the researchers to shift the focus from the efficiency based model to quality based approach. The
single criterion approach of the lowest cost supplier is no more accepted in this challenging and
continuously changing environment. Thus, price or cost shifted down the line with respect to its
importance in evaluating the suppliers, while the quality and delivery performance climbed up the
hierarchy. Many evaluating criteria can be derived depending on the requirements of the company.
Thus, it is important to analyze and prioritize different selection methods to satisfy stakeholders.
Using methods like DEA, AHP, etc. suppliers can be ranked and evaluated to make an optimal
supplier selection. Some methods can be beneficial to some specific companies so it is important to
evaluate suppliers according to companies' specifications. In addition, AHP is used to evaluate
supplier according to different categories to provide consistency in supplier selection. Thus, AHP can
definitely aid the researchers and decision makers in meeting the challenging task of the supplier
selection problem effectively in the near future.
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