Earlier Uttarakhand was thought as Cyber state but it is very far from being. The steps towards cyber state are week. People's awareness, participation and investment for infrastructure are poor. There is a great scope of ICT for agricultural development in the state.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Digital bharat saksham-bharat-a_compendium_on_digital_indiaRamesh Kotnana
It is a Very Good Report on Digital India (It is a Govt Report)
Source Credit : Indian Govt
https://meity.gov.in/writereaddata/files/digital_bharat-saksham_bharat-a_compendium_on_digital_india.pdf
Misra,D.C.(2009) Evolution of E Governance in India (1947 2009)Dr D.C. Misra
This is a presentation on evolution of e-governance in India from 1947 to 2009 and draws valuable lessons for other developing countries.(c) Dr D.C.Misra 2009
Earlier Uttarakhand was thought as Cyber state but it is very far from being. The steps towards cyber state are week. People's awareness, participation and investment for infrastructure are poor. There is a great scope of ICT for agricultural development in the state.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Digital bharat saksham-bharat-a_compendium_on_digital_indiaRamesh Kotnana
It is a Very Good Report on Digital India (It is a Govt Report)
Source Credit : Indian Govt
https://meity.gov.in/writereaddata/files/digital_bharat-saksham_bharat-a_compendium_on_digital_india.pdf
Misra,D.C.(2009) Evolution of E Governance in India (1947 2009)Dr D.C. Misra
This is a presentation on evolution of e-governance in India from 1947 to 2009 and draws valuable lessons for other developing countries.(c) Dr D.C.Misra 2009
Defining Pace of Urban Development: E-Governance (International Journal of Ap...Omkar Parishwad
The rapid development of cities has been concerned with the delivery of services in an organized, planned manner. The urban sector in India, is struggling to make effective use of Information and Communication Technology to further deployment of resources for information retrieval, decision making, ongoing management, service delivery and outreach. All evidence points to the obvious benefits of the use of ICT; environmental and economic sustainability and general livability. This vision of e-governance involves ICT applications to mitigate the
impacts of rapid urbanization. With E-Government systems revolutions befalling urban India due to various policy level interventions by the government; swiftness in development has been ascertained. The present paper investigates Urban Development that has brought e- Governance applications catering to the Government relating to Infrastructure Sector, amongst others; thus affecting environmental, social and economic structure significantly. The study further finds the scope of progress and affected areas for development, encouraged by certain e-Government solutions. The research helps us arrive at a line of action and necessary initiatives for successful implementation of ICT based solutions in Infrastructure industry. It also allows a peek into future scenario of improvements and deliberations in India in consideration with the scenario of developing countries.
*SoftTech Engineers Pvt. Ltd. Mr. Vijay Gupta (CEO), his Product Development, Implementation team and Omkar Parishwad (Business Analyst) have cited the efforts of the company in implementation of e-Governance solutions to Urban Local Bodies and PWD throughout India. AutoDCR® and PWIMS™ are registered trademark products of SoftTech Engineers Pvt. Ltd.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Digital India – the dream project of the government and a blessing for the citizens, could help in
connecting the dots of various projects, past and present, to bring India to a global platform. It will help in
moving with the universal trends of digital innovation and create positive impact in the lives of people - rural
and urban, young and old.” In this article we discussed key features, impact and challenges of Digital India
programme.
The Digital India programme is a flagship programme of the Government of India with a vision to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.
This presentation will clarify the role of IT in government, as well as the Contribution of government in the IT sector. How the IT sector helped us to take a closer look at the government and the current scenario of both these powerful fields.
eGovernance policy for the state of Gujarat 2014 2019Vibrant Gujarat
Minimum Government, Maximum Governance
[1.] To bring about ICT enabled all round sustainable development and inclusive growth of the state
[2.] To provide transport, affordable and efficient public service delivery closer to the doorstep of citizen and [3.] To ensure the socioeconomic empowerment of all (with special emphasis on women, youth and the marginalized) through digital inclusion.
A Review of Smart Cities Evolution in India vivatechijri
In order to improve the quality of life for people, smart cities are a modern urban concept. Various
smart technologies are grouped together in order to increase the comfort of human life. This paper highlights the
various technologies that are merged together for building a smart city in a developing country like India. Another
major aspect of the paper focuses on the kind of technological combinations and their effects used to plan and
build a smart city. Finally, the paper concludes by providing an overview of the present status and various
challenges faced during the development of smart cities in the Indian scenarios.
The presentation introduces the concept of eGovernance, the challenges,the levels and stages, where India stands, the way forward in terms of Open Data and Open Governance
Consumer behavior is constantly changing and evolving, theme parks need to replicate this behavior. People counting sensors, such as the ClearCount 3D, monitor incoming and outgoing traffic of specified areas of the park assisting managers in effectively understanding visitor traffic behavior.
Defining Pace of Urban Development: E-Governance (International Journal of Ap...Omkar Parishwad
The rapid development of cities has been concerned with the delivery of services in an organized, planned manner. The urban sector in India, is struggling to make effective use of Information and Communication Technology to further deployment of resources for information retrieval, decision making, ongoing management, service delivery and outreach. All evidence points to the obvious benefits of the use of ICT; environmental and economic sustainability and general livability. This vision of e-governance involves ICT applications to mitigate the
impacts of rapid urbanization. With E-Government systems revolutions befalling urban India due to various policy level interventions by the government; swiftness in development has been ascertained. The present paper investigates Urban Development that has brought e- Governance applications catering to the Government relating to Infrastructure Sector, amongst others; thus affecting environmental, social and economic structure significantly. The study further finds the scope of progress and affected areas for development, encouraged by certain e-Government solutions. The research helps us arrive at a line of action and necessary initiatives for successful implementation of ICT based solutions in Infrastructure industry. It also allows a peek into future scenario of improvements and deliberations in India in consideration with the scenario of developing countries.
*SoftTech Engineers Pvt. Ltd. Mr. Vijay Gupta (CEO), his Product Development, Implementation team and Omkar Parishwad (Business Analyst) have cited the efforts of the company in implementation of e-Governance solutions to Urban Local Bodies and PWD throughout India. AutoDCR® and PWIMS™ are registered trademark products of SoftTech Engineers Pvt. Ltd.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Digital India – the dream project of the government and a blessing for the citizens, could help in
connecting the dots of various projects, past and present, to bring India to a global platform. It will help in
moving with the universal trends of digital innovation and create positive impact in the lives of people - rural
and urban, young and old.” In this article we discussed key features, impact and challenges of Digital India
programme.
The Digital India programme is a flagship programme of the Government of India with a vision to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.
This presentation will clarify the role of IT in government, as well as the Contribution of government in the IT sector. How the IT sector helped us to take a closer look at the government and the current scenario of both these powerful fields.
eGovernance policy for the state of Gujarat 2014 2019Vibrant Gujarat
Minimum Government, Maximum Governance
[1.] To bring about ICT enabled all round sustainable development and inclusive growth of the state
[2.] To provide transport, affordable and efficient public service delivery closer to the doorstep of citizen and [3.] To ensure the socioeconomic empowerment of all (with special emphasis on women, youth and the marginalized) through digital inclusion.
A Review of Smart Cities Evolution in India vivatechijri
In order to improve the quality of life for people, smart cities are a modern urban concept. Various
smart technologies are grouped together in order to increase the comfort of human life. This paper highlights the
various technologies that are merged together for building a smart city in a developing country like India. Another
major aspect of the paper focuses on the kind of technological combinations and their effects used to plan and
build a smart city. Finally, the paper concludes by providing an overview of the present status and various
challenges faced during the development of smart cities in the Indian scenarios.
The presentation introduces the concept of eGovernance, the challenges,the levels and stages, where India stands, the way forward in terms of Open Data and Open Governance
Consumer behavior is constantly changing and evolving, theme parks need to replicate this behavior. People counting sensors, such as the ClearCount 3D, monitor incoming and outgoing traffic of specified areas of the park assisting managers in effectively understanding visitor traffic behavior.
You are invited learn about award winning MicroTokenization® and MicroEncryption® technology. You will garner an understanding of the new paradigm in secure storage solutions
We have the solution to remaining an independent advisor in the post DOL world with a cloud based system that offers a streamlined and uniform suitability platform.
Service Coordination Provides Quality Case Management Services to People With Disabilities and Other Groups. Furthering lives by connecting people to resources they want and need.
INTRODUCCIÓN
“Cada proyecto tiene un comienzo y un final definido, los proyectos no son esfuerzos continuos”. PMBOK, 2008.
Dado que la Gerencia de proyectos es aquella disciplina que se encarga de organizar y administrar adecuadamente los recursos disponibles en una organización para que un proyecto concreto sea terminado de forma satisfactoria, se hace necesario determinar cuáles son entonces las funciones principales de una persona que gestiona y gerencia proyectos atendiendo a las necesidades propias de una organización empresarial en un determinado momento histórico.
Design challenges for sustainable mobile community communication services for...abhigyan1107
This paper is based on findings of an ethnographic field research conducted at Sudarshan
Layout, an urban slum in Bangalore, India. The research investigated mobile
based community communication and it is grounded in theoretical framework of Community
Informatics. The paper discusses communicative ecology of Ambedkar Community
Computing Center (AC3) Members, a local community of Sudarshan Layout
and hence attempts to build a broad socio-discursive-technological context of local
community communication practices.
This paper opens a discussion on social context of design for sustainability. The paper
presents an approach for design research for sustainability for Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) initiatives targeting low-income user groups and
those belonging to marginalized section of society. Following the discussion the paper
presents design challenges for sustainable mobile community communication services
for residents of Indian urban slums.
It is programme of Indian government implemented under national e governance plan.how CSC will catalyze the social changes through internet in rural India?
The government is liable to help every citizen for employability, minimum facilitation of livelihood and almost all countries have shown their concern for. There are several ways of helping the poor and weaker section of society as well as all resident of a community/area or whole population and one of them subsidy. All subsidy schemes have two objectives, to help the common man and to upgrade their economic and living status. These have several success and failure stories and need up-gradation at every actionable day to protect the frauds, minimize the financial burden to government and maximize the impact of schemes. The main objective of the present study is to assess the issues associated with government subsidies and proposing the solution from Big data, most accepted source of information in current information era. The study review the source of information which may be usable for the subsidy mechanism and scaled it through data driven technique which will be more transparent, democratic and recommend the more responsible governance system after assigning the stepwise monitoring and verification from the data.
Re Inventing Government Role of e Governanceijtsrd
Good Governance is a concept that has recently come into regular use in political science, public administration and, more particularly, development management. It appears alongside such concepts and terms as democracy, civil society, popular participation, human rights and social and sustainable development. In the last decade, it has been closely associated with public sector reform. The Commonwealth has shown its commitment to good governance through declarations made by Heads of State at their biennial meetings. The Bretton Woods Systems and the Development Agencies have shown their commitment through re defining their roles and responsibilities in global governance. The significance of the emergence of Electronic Governance e Governance as a mode of practice in the re invention of Good Governance. It presents e Governance as inclusive of Electronic Democracy e Democracy , Electronic Government e Government and Electronic Business e Business , examines the nature and scope of developments in this emerging field and provides a wealth of examples to illustrate essential, embedded concepts and modes of practice. The article also explains the Commonwealth Centre for Electronic Governance CCfEG as a special focus centre, to date the only one of its kind in the Commonwealth and beyond, poised to be the organization of choice in moving Commonwealth member countries forward in the use of the new information and communication technologies as a tool for re inventing Good Governance. Dr. Vijay Laxmi Mishra "Re-Inventing Government: Role of e-Governance" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd51768.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/51768/reinventing-government-role-of-egovernance/dr-vijay-laxmi-mishra
Digital Leadership during the Covid-19 Pandemic (Study on Musrenbang City of ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : The impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on modern life necessitates online
interaction from the life sector.The development of the current paradigm of administration and governance
toward the New Public Management paradigm cannot be separated from efforts to create effectiveness,
efficiency, and results-oriented governance, as well as New Public Service (Governance) actor involvement,
which are shown in efforts to improve government governance. These efforts are carried out looking for
paradigms that can be practiced in the others field, including business, civil society, and the media.Study at
Bandar Lampung City Musrenbang on "Digital Leadership in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic". Problem
formulation: Musrenbang) and 2) What are the supporting factors and factors that weaken digital leadership
during the COVID-19 pandemic (study on the Bandar Lampung City Musrenbang). Techniques like observation,
interviews, and documentation were used to gather data.Based on the Decree of the Head of Bappeda City of
Bandar Lampung Number: 800/946/IV.01/2022 concerning the Formation of Teams for Development and
Utilization of Data and Information on Development Planning of Regional Apparatus Work Units in 2022. The
government has been restricted to the exclusive domain of the government to express aspirations and criticize
sector areas. The government must provide more space for this.The government must implement digital
transformations, which are already being used to complete the tasks it is carrying out, in order to keep up with
the times.
Keywords: City Musrenbang, Government, Community, Regional Development.
Big Data for New Industrialization and Urbanization Development: A Case Study...IJERA Editor
Industrialization and urbanization are considered as interdependent processes of recent economic development.
Innovations in technology and higher affordability of electronic devices have facilitated current age of big data.
Use of digital data provided modern urbanization which is an essential element of industrialization and rapid
income growth globally. Most manufacturing and service production is efficient when undertaken in urbanized
areas where organizations can readily follow best practice in technology and management. Over the past three
decades, China has achieved enormous economic growth, accompanied by a growing number of large cities.
The purpose of this paper is to identify prominent issues relating influence of big data on modern
industrialization and urbanization development in China as well as in other regions. The case study of China
was taken to understand the advancement of big data on industrialization and urbanization enhancement. It was
investigated that industrialization and the rise of the service sector appear to have influenced the growth of
urbanization, but their role was relatively small when compared to the direct effects of economic growth. In the
coming years, urbanization will become increasingly an opportunity as well as a challenge to the country‟s
effort to sustain rapid growth and maintain effective development
The impact of e politician on the adoption of e-service perceptions from a sa...ijmpict
The purpose of this study is to establish whether the use of information technology (IT) by elected
municipal representatives, for constituency work, emboldens the adoption of e-service in municipals of a
developing country. The research data was obtained through the completion of a questionnaire by a
sample of respondents who serve as authorities of IT in South African municipals. The findings from both
descriptive and inferential data analysis of collected data confirm that the use of IT by elected municipal
representatives for constituency work impacts the adoption of e-service in municipals. Furthermore, the
use of IT by elected municipal representatives for constituency work correlated with both e-service laws
and e-service security. This study contributes to a better understanding of choices needed when planning
for the adoption of e-service initiatives in municipals of developing countries. Given that 87.2% of
respondents are aware of a high access to telephone mobile, a further research is needed to clarify why
most elected municipal representatives of a developing country choose not to exploit IT for their
constituency work, and similarly why municipals of a developing country do not exploit IT to provide
services.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
TOP 10 B TECH COLLEGES IN JAIPUR 2024.pptxnikitacareer3
Looking for the best engineering colleges in Jaipur for 2024?
Check out our list of the top 10 B.Tech colleges to help you make the right choice for your future career!
1) MNIT
2) MANIPAL UNIV
3) LNMIIT
4) NIMS UNIV
5) JECRC
6) VIVEKANANDA GLOBAL UNIV
7) BIT JAIPUR
8) APEX UNIV
9) AMITY UNIV.
10) JNU
TO KNOW MORE ABOUT COLLEGES, FEES AND PLACEMENT, WATCH THE FULL VIDEO GIVEN BELOW ON "TOP 10 B TECH COLLEGES IN JAIPUR"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSNje0MBh7g
VISIT CAREER MANTRA PORTAL TO KNOW MORE ABOUT COLLEGES/UNIVERSITITES in Jaipur:
https://careermantra.net/colleges/3378/Jaipur/b-tech
Get all the information you need to plan your next steps in your medical career with Career Mantra!
https://careermantra.net/
2. 37A Framework for Improving e-Services Utilization in Rural Areas
the establishment of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in rural areas (deSouza, 2010).
A PRI comprises three bodies, viz., Gram Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti and Zila Parishad
at local level, block level and district level, respectively. The PRIs encompass elected
representatives from local areas in order to identify local needs and formulate
appropriate policies for them (Kumar et al., 2013).
Although the government has devised an influential mechanism for the overall
development of rural society, still a majority of marginalized people reside in rural
areas, and moreover, they are suffering from social problems like poverty, illiteracy,
shelter, sanitation, etc., severely. The current scenario puts a stigma on the adopted
strategies of government for the welfare of rural masses and hence the existing
developmental mechanisms need to be reengineered in order to accomplish the
intended objectives of rural development.
This paper describes the necessity of PRIs for rural development along with various
schemes for their development. It also identifies major impediments to rural
development, along with their possible solutions, supplemented with Information and
Communication Technology (ICT). It also sheds some light on the usage of ICT in the
developmental process. The global perspective also affirms that ICT is a successful
and powerful tool for strengthening the governance and it can help poor and
marginalized segments of the society by empowering them in various aspects. The
concept of democracy revolves around the principle of governance by the people, for
the people and of the people. To support this zeal of democracy, the government of
India has launched National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) in 2006 comprising various
Mission Mode Projects (MMPs) for strengthening the largest democracy in the world,
with the objective of disseminating various types of services like G2C (Government to
Citizen), G2B (Government to Business), G2G (Government to Government) and
G2E (Government to Employee) (Bhattacharya, 2012) with an initial estimated outlay
of 3,300 cr (Times, 2007).
2. e-Governance in India
In the year 1970, the Government of India (GoI) established the Department of
Electronics, and subsequently in 1977, GoI took the first major step towards
implementation of e-governance with the establishment of National Informatics Center
(NIC). By 1980, most of the government offices were equipped with computers, but
their role was confined to word processing. With the advent of ICT, the GoI took a
remarkable step towards fostering e-governance by launching the national satellite-
based network NICNET in 1987, followed by District Information System of the National
Informatics Centre (DISNIC). According to Prabhu (2012), NICNET was the first
government informatics network across the world equipped with facilities like Telnet,
FTP, Internet along with database services (GISTNIC and MEDLARS). Up to 1990,
NICNET extended its reach from state headquarters to district headquarters. In the
year 2000, the GoI established the Ministry of Information Technology and identified
3. 38 The IUP Journal of Information Technology, Vol. X, No. 2, 2014
a 12-points minimum agenda for e-governance. This agenda comprises providing
computers with software to officers, necessary training to officials, adoption of office
procedure automation software developed by NIC and inclination towards automation
of various mundane operations. Finally, in the year 2006, the GoI launched NeGP and
grouped the initiatives into three broad categories, viz., G2C, G2B and G2G.
The government is spending an enormous amount on cultivating the culture of e-
governance through NeGP, however, the results are not encouraging. Although there
are islands of success in the area of e-governance, yet there are certain areas which
are unexplored or inadequately explored. On the basis of a survey, 85% failure rate for
e-governance projects has been noticed across the world, whereas in the year 2009
alone, the worldwide expenditure on the technology by the government was $428.38 bn
(Luna et al., 2013). The studies by Dwivedi and Bharti (2010), Mistry (2010), Kumar
et al. (2010) and Gajendra et al. (2012) identify major impediments and challenges to
the successful implementation of e-governance in India and reveal that inadequate
planning, leadership failures, deficiency in finances, lack of motivation and awareness,
dearth of citizen-centric nature of applications, poor cooperation among bureaucrats
and people at local level, lack of trust, miserable technical design which endures lack
of interoperability among distinct e-governance applications, and underutilization of
ICT infrastructure resources are the major obstacles in the successful implementation
of e-governance in India.
3. Need for Panchayati Raj Institutions and Rural Development
Two-thirds of the Indian populace reside in rural areas with diversified culture,
geographical conditions, language, religion, demands and necessities (Wikipedia,
2013). Moreover, their growth is also hindered by some severe social glitches, viz.,
illiteracy, poverty, lack of awareness, etc. (Singh, 2010). Further, the identification of
the grassroots realities and necessities was also a cumbersome task for the government.
Since a majority of the population resides in rural areas, they need to be aptly developed
for the overall development of the nation. To usher in the conception of rural
development, the government needs to enhance its accessibility at the local level by
promoting local self-governance. The 73rd
Constitutional Amendment Act endorses
the conceptualization of local self-governance and enforces the establishment of PRIs
(Singh, 2010). The concept of decentralized governance envisions devolution of powers
associated with the government to eradicate the persisting problems of the rural society.
The PRIs also play a vital role in the formulation and implementation of new policies
or schemes designed by the government by analyzing the local problems, needs etc.
and optimistically enforcing them at the local level accordingly.
4. Literature Review
E-governance initiatives should be taken in the rural areas by identifying and analyzing
the grassroots realities (Malhotra et al., 2010). Mere establishment of an Information
4. 39A Framework for Improving e-Services Utilization in Rural Areas
Technology (IT) infrastructure in the rural area does not lead to better delivery of
e-services. It requires fostering a culture of e-governance across various ministries
and departments at the central, state and district levels (Bagga et al., 2009). The
strategy devised for the implementation of e-governance should be comprehensive
and citizen-centric, and should follow multiple channels of communication for
dissemination of e-services (Bernnat et al., 2010; and Cloet, 2012). Furthermore, the
lack of necessary infrastructure, lack of awareness regarding e-services among
beneficiaries, inequality in gaining access to various services between urban and rural
residents, technical illiteracy and language dominance are the major problems in the
successful implementation of e-governance (Dwivedi and Bharti, 2010; and NISG
and PMI, 2011). The awareness among bureaucrats regarding recently launched e-
services or updated e-services is also not encouraging (Gulati, 2010; and Naik et al.,
2010). The Punjab government intends to offer various e-governance services in rural
areas, but despite their good intention, they are not effectively implemented due to
lack of participation (Singla and Aggarwal, 2012). The Warana Kiosks project, intended
to serve the villagers, resulted in failure because of lack of participation by bureaucrats
and the topdown approach (Cecchini and Ratna, 2008; Singh, 2010; and Network,
2013).
Although the government of India is focusing on almost every aspect of e-governance
services implementation, yet a majority of e-governance projects fail or become
inoperable. The major causes are as follows:
• Lack of participation among PRIs and inadequate level of awareness about
e-services;
• Inadequate operational and managerial skills of associated bureaucrats; and
• Lack of awareness about e-services among beneficiaries.
5. The Proposed Framework for Improving e-Services Utilization
5.1 Description of the Framework
Figure 1 depicts the proposed framework for improving the utilization of e-services, and
it has been divided into three major segments, viz., capacity building of PRIs, sensitization
of beneficiaries and enhancement in the awareness level of bureaucrats. The link L1
indicates the conduct of appropriate capacity-building program for PRIs; and afterwards,
the feedback must be taken (L2) from PRIs about conducted capacity-building program
for analyzing the increment in awareness level. Again the capacity-building program
(L3) will be conducted for PRIs, followed by the feedback process. L1, L2 and L3 will be
repeated periodically until the feedback becomes approximately negligible and the level
of awareness of PRIs approaches to maximum limit of awareness level.
Further, the beneficiaries need to be more sensitized and mobilized about various
e-services delivered by the government because the literacy rate of rural mass is quite
5. 40 The IUP Journal of Information Technology, Vol. X, No. 2, 2014
low in comparison to urban mass. Generally, the sensitization campaigns are conducted
by governments, preferably in collaboration with NGOs or private partners.
The second segment of the proposed framework focuses on effective sensitization.
After each sensitization campaign (L5), an impact analysis (L6) should be done which
reflects the impact of campaign on beneficiaries. If impact analysis leads to insignificant
results, then the sensitization mechanism will be reengineered (L7) in order to improve
the effect of mobilization. Again, the campaign will be initiated with revised sensitization
mechanism, followed by impact analysis and considerable revisions in mechanism.
This process will be continued periodically till the average awareness level of
beneficiaries reaches up to a significant point.
The bureaucrats or functionaries are solely responsible for providing logistics for
the implementation of various e-services offered by the government. Therefore, their
capacity building is equally essential to ensure successful delivery of e-services. The
third segment of the proposed framework concentrates on capacity building of
Figure 1: Framework for Improving the Utilization of e-Services
L1
L3
L2
L4
L6
L7L5
L8
Capacity
Building
Feedback
Elected
Representatives
Bureaucrats
Beneficiaries
Sensitization
Mechanism
Reengineering
Impact
Analysis
Improved
e-services
utilization
Frequent
Training about
current, new and
updated modules
6. 41A Framework for Improving e-Services Utilization in Rural Areas
functionaries. The functionaries should undergo periodical training programs/
conferences/seminars conducted by various government as well as private agencies in
order to be aware of the current services, recent developments, updates in existing
services, upcoming services, etc., followed by feedback mechanism. On the basis of
feedback from bureaucrats, the government can decide whether a functionary is
competent or not for delivering the e-services.
Further, the proposed framework increases the degree of utilization of e-services
which is directly proportional to the successfulness of delivered e-services.
5.2 Formal Representation of the Framework
5.2.1 Notations
ER = Set of elected representatives
BC = Set of bureaucrats
BF = Set of beneficiaries
= Set of capacity-building programs
= Increase in the level of awareness of an elected representative/
beneficiary/ bureaucrat after undergoing a unit capacity-building
program/sensitization mechanism
= Level of awareness of an elected representative/beneficiary/bureaucrat
after a capacity-building program/sensitization mechanism
= Level of awareness of an elected representative/beneficiary/bureaucrat
before a capacity-building program/sensitization mechanism
i = Average increase in the level of awareness of elected representative/
beneficiary/bureaucrat after a capacity-building program/sensitization
mechanism
= Coefficient of impact on beneficiaries after sensitization
= An occurrence of sensitization mechanism engineering
= Set of sensitization mechanism
5.2.2 The Framework
The proposed framework focuses on three major components of rural democracy, viz.,
elected representatives, bureaucrats and beneficiaries. Let ER be represented as
neeee .,...,,, 321 , BC as mbbbb .,...,,, 321 and BF as pffff .,...,,, 321 is the set of
capacity-building programs kcccc .,...,,, 321 conducted for elected representatives.
7. 42 The IUP Journal of Information Technology, Vol. X, No. 2, 2014
After 1st
capacity-building program, i.e., c1
, the increase in the level of awareness of
all elected representatives is:
nnn ...,,,, 333222111
where niii 1
Average increase in the level of awareness after c1
is:
n
i
i
n 1
1
1
The consequential level of awareness of elected representatives after c1
is
....,,, 2211 nn
After the 2nd
capacity-building program, i.e., c2
,
nnn ...,,,, 333222111
where niii 1 is the increase in the level of awareness of all elected
representatives. Therefore, the average increase in level of awareness is:
n
i
i
n 1
2
1
Since k numbers of capacity-building programs are to be conducted on the basis of
feedback, for ck
th
, the average increase in the level of awareness is:
n
i
ik
n 1
1
Therefore, the average increase in the level of awareness of elected representatives
after undergoing k capacity programs is:
k
i
iER
k 1
1
If LER
and MER
indicate the average level of awareness of elected representatives
without any capacity-building programs and maximum level of awareness of any elected
representative, respectively, then:
ERERER ML
Let t ,....,,, 321 be the set of insignificant impacts on
tiiBF 10i.e.,, , and it leads to t ,.....,,, 321 corresponding to
8. 43A Framework for Improving e-Services Utilization in Rural Areas
considerable revisions in the sensitization mechanisms t ,.....,,, 321 . The
average rise in the awareness levels of beneficiaries during t successive revisions in
sensitizing mechanisms can be defined as t .....,, ,32,1 . And the average increase
in the awareness level of beneficiaries can be calculated as:
p
i
it
p
i
i
p
i
i
ppp 11
2
1
1
1
.,.......,
1
,
1
Any arbitrary sensitization mechanism can be defined as:
tqtlqll 1and11
where q
indicates the change in the previous sensitization mechanism. Since major
changes in the mechanism take place at initial levels,
1321 ... t
i will be significant if .0 ii The average increase in the level of awareness
of beneficiaries is:
t
i
iBF
t 1
1
The state as well as central government conducts workshops and seminars about
new/revised e-governance projects periodically for enhancing the awareness level of
bureaucrats associated with various departments. Let r .,,...,, 321 be the set
of capacity-building programs conducted for BC Again for ,BC the gain in the
awareness level after one capacity-building program can be defined as
.0 miiii Hence, the average rise in the awareness level after each
capacity-building program is:
m
i
ir
m
i
i
m
i
i
mmm 11
2
1
1
1
..,......,
1
,
1
The average increase in the level of awareness of bureaucrats after undergoing ‘r’
number of capacity-building programs can be calculated as:
r
i
iBC
r 1
1
Since the level of awareness of e-services is directly proportional to the utilization
of e-services, the proposed framework improves the utilization of e-services by enduring
9. 44 The IUP Journal of Information Technology, Vol. X, No. 2, 2014
sensitization of beneficiaries and capacity building of elected representatives as well
as bureaucrats. The improvement factor will be the function of BCER , and BF
defined as:
BFBCERBFBCERf ,,
6. Significance of the Proposed Framework
The failure of e-governance projects is the prime concern for any government. The
review of literature identifies that lack of information among elected representatives,
contemptible level of awareness of beneficiaries and lack of updated information about
offered e-services among functionaries are the major causes responsible for the failure
of e-governance projects. The proposed framework is a remedial solution for these
problems and attempts to eradicate such problems to a great extent. The anticipated
repercussions after the adoption of the proposed framework are depicted as under:
• The level of awareness about e-services among beneficiaries and elected
representatives will increase to a great extent, which enhances e-services
utilization. Nevertheless, the sensitization of people also enhances the level
of participation among various stakeholders.
• A majority of e-governance projects are implemented on the basis of PPP
where services are to be delivered through CSCs. It has been proclaimed by
numerous researches and studies that revenue generated by CSCs in own
vicinity is quite low and they undergo financial scarcity which results in
volatility of CSCs. The proposed framework increases the sustainability of
CSCs by ensuring the utilization of e-services via dissemination of awareness
among various stakeholders.
• Since the government is spending an enormous amount on development
and deployment of e-governance projects, their failure has an undesirable
effect on the economy. If implemented, the proposed model will also increase
the success rate of e-governance projects, especially in rural areas.
• When the number of e-services utilizers increases at the local level, then
the government can negotiate with private partners about the reduction in
the cost incurred by the people in availing e-services through CSCs, which
results in cost-effective delivery of e-services.
• A continuous assessment-based capacity-building mechanism will empower
the people at the local level, which may lead to a powerful democracy.
Conclusion
In the Indian scenario, the democratically decentralized architecture for rural areas
stands on three pillars, viz., elected representatives (PRIs), bureaucrats and
beneficiaries. Therefore, they need to be more empowered in terms of awareness about
10. 45A Framework for Improving e-Services Utilization in Rural Areas
the usage of e-services. Although the state and central governments have taken
significant measures for capacity building of PRIs, beneficiaries and bureaucrats, yet a
majority of e-governance projects result in failure or attain only partial success due to
lack of awareness and poor management (Choudhari et al., 2007; and NISG et al.,
2011). Therefore, the existing capacity building and sensitizing mechanisms need to
be reengineered according to the clientele group, in order to accomplish considerable
improvement in e-services utilization. Moreover, the capacity building and sensitization
mechanisms must be followed up with consecutive feedback process, and the results
must be incorporated into the subsequent capacity building and sensitization processes.
The mechanism of the proposed framework reengineers and rejuvenates the existing
awareness dissemination mechanism on the utilization of e-services among various
stakeholders.
References
1. Bagga R K, Vashista P K, Sekhar K S and Gupta P (2009), “Evaluation of
e-Governance Initiative at District Level in India: Andhra Pradesh Experience”,
in P Gupta, R K Bagga and S Ayaluri (Eds.), Fostering e-Governance, pp. 45-86,
The Icfai University Press, Hyderabad.
2. Bernnat R, Johnstone-Burt A, Zink W and Thomé F (2010), “e-Government: Ten
Lessons Learned from the Best Global Programs”, Booz and Company, United States.
3. Bhattacharya J (2012), e-Gov 2.0, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
4. Cecchini S and Raina M (2008), Village Information Kiosks for the Warana
Cooperatives in India. Retrieved 2013, from e-Government for Development:
http://www.egov4dev.org/success/case/warana.shtml
5. Choudhari R D, Banwet D K and Gupta M P (2007), “Identifying Risk Factors
for E-governance Projects”, in A Agarwal and V V Ramana (Eds.), Foundations
of e-Government, pp. 270-277, Computer Society of India, Hyderabad.
6. Cloet F (2012), “e-Government Lessons From South Africa 2001 – 2011:
Institutions, State of Progress and Measurement”, The African Journal of Information
and Communication, pp. 128-142.
7. deSouza P R (2010), “The Struggle for Local Government: Indian Democracy’s
New Phase”, The Journal of Federalism, pp. 99-118.
8. Dwivedi S K and Bharti A K (2010), “e-Governance in India-Problems and
Acceptability”, Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology,
pp. 37-43.
9. Gajendra S, Xi B and Wang Q (2012), “e-Government: Public Participation and
Ethical Issues”, Journal of e-Governance, pp. 195-204.
10. Gulati A G (2010), “Monitoring for Effective Service Delivery – The Case of
USO Funded Schemes”, Kurukshetra, pp. 26-30.
11. 46 The IUP Journal of Information Technology, Vol. X, No. 2, 2014
11. Kumar P, Kumar D and Kumar N (2013), “ICT in Local Self Governance: A
Study of Rural India”, International Journal of Computer Applications, pp. 31-36.
12. Kumar S P, Umashankar C, Rani J K and Ramana V (2010), “e-Governance
Applications for Citizens – Issues and Framework”, International Journal on
Computer Science and Engineering, pp. 2362-2365.
13. Luna-Reyesa L F, Melloulib S and Bertotc J C (2013), “Key Factors and Processes
for Digital Government Success”, Information Polity, pp. 101-105.
14. Malhotra C, Chariar V and Das L (2010), Citizen-centricity for e-Governance
Initiatives in Rural Areas. Retrieved 2013, from Governance Knowledge Centre:
http://indiagovernance.gov.in/files/initiatives_in_Rural_Areas.pdf
15. Mistry H (2010), “e-Governance: Efficiency and Challenges in India”, Mahindra
Special Services Group, Mumbai.
16. Naik G, Basavaraj K P and Joshi S (2010), “Making e-Governance Centers
Financially Sustainable in Rural India: A Conceptual Design for Action Research”,
Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore.
17. Network I R (2013), India Rural Development Report 2012-13, Orient Blackswan
Private Limited, New Delhi.
18. NISG and PMI (2011), Project Management in e-Governance: Issues and
Challenges in Navigating to the New Normal, Grant Thornton Private Advisory
Limited, Gurgaon.
19. NISG, PMI and Thornton G (2011), Project Management in e-Governance,
National Institute for Smart Government, Hyderabad.
20. Prabhu C (2012), e-Governance: Concepts and Case Studies, PHI Learning Private
Limited, New Delhi.
21. Singh R (2010), “Sixty Years of Indian Republic, Unfinished Agenda of Gram
Swaraj”, Kurukshetra, pp. 15-17.
22. Singh S P (2010), “Emerging Issues in Indian Rural Economy”, Kurukshetra,
pp. 3-6.
23. Singla S K and Aggarwal H (2012), “Impact and Scope of e-Governance Initiatives
in State of Punjab (India)”, International Journal of Computer Applications, pp. 5-9.
24. Times T E (2007, February 2), “News 3,300 cr for National e-Governance Plan”,
The Economic Times, Bhopal, India.
25. Wikipedia (2013, December 3), Geography of India. Retrieved December 6, 2013,
from The free encyclopedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_India
Reference # 35J-2014-06-03-01
12. Copyright of IUP Journal of Information Technology is the property of IUP Publications and
its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the
copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email
articles for individual use.