The purpose of this study is to establish whether the use of information technology (IT) by elected
municipal representatives, for constituency work, emboldens the adoption of e-service in municipals of a
developing country. The research data was obtained through the completion of a questionnaire by a
sample of respondents who serve as authorities of IT in South African municipals. The findings from both
descriptive and inferential data analysis of collected data confirm that the use of IT by elected municipal
representatives for constituency work impacts the adoption of e-service in municipals. Furthermore, the
use of IT by elected municipal representatives for constituency work correlated with both e-service laws
and e-service security. This study contributes to a better understanding of choices needed when planning
for the adoption of e-service initiatives in municipals of developing countries. Given that 87.2% of
respondents are aware of a high access to telephone mobile, a further research is needed to clarify why
most elected municipal representatives of a developing country choose not to exploit IT for their
constituency work, and similarly why municipals of a developing country do not exploit IT to provide
services.
Assessing the adoption of e government using tam model case of egyptIJMIT JOURNAL
Electronic government (e-government) was known as an efficient method for government expertness and proficiency as a vital facilitator for citizen-oriented services. Since their initiation over a decade ago, Egovernment services are recognised as a vehicle for accessing online public services. Both governments and academic researchers understand the difficulty of low-level adoption of e-government services among citizens; a common problem between both developing and developed countries. This paper investigates determinants and factors necessary to enhance adoption of citizens for e-government services in developing countries, with particular focus on Egypt, by extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) using a set of political, social, and design constructs that were developed from different sources of research literature.
ASSESSING THE ADOPTION OF E-GOVERNMENT USING TAM MODEL: CASE OF EGYPTIJMIT JOURNAL
Electronic government (e-government) was known as an efficient method for government expertness and proficiency as a vital facilitator for citizen-oriented services. Since their initiation over a decade ago, Egovernment services are recognised as a vehicle for accessing online public services. Both governments and academic researchers understand the difficulty of low-level adoption of e-government services among citizens; a common problem between both developing and developed countries. This paper investigates determinants and factors necessary to enhance adoption of citizens for e-government services in developing countries, with particular focus on Egypt, by extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) using a set of political, social, and design constructs that were developed from different sources of research literature.
E-Governance and the ICT Legislative Frameworktheijes
This study assesses the effect of ICT policies and practices toward ensuring the governance supported by information sharing in Tanzania. Logically, the work is organized in four main categories. The first category introduces the study through providing the background, statement of the problem and objectives. This part is followed by a research method. The study was based on interpretive principles, and it used secondary data to arrive to its conclusions. The analysis is conducted through grouping elements, which responds to the same pattern of the study, under the same section. The last part of the study provides the conclusion and recommendations to the local legislative framework
At this time, e-governance transformation is considered as one of the most important and biggest challenges among
and within the IT-related sector from the scale and complexity perspective. In this respect, the researches have
reviewed and studied some of the factors that affect implementing the e-governance for Public and private schools in
Governorate of Al Buraimi, Oman. The aim of the study was to determine whether there existed organizational
differences that demanded different approaches and strategies for the implementation of e-governance. The research
considered three organizational factors, which included, the type of the organization (public or private), size of the
organization and the work experience of the employees of the organization. In addition, the research considered the
some of the requirements needed for the implementation of e-governance. These requirements included, physical,
financial, administrative and management requirements. Through the research it was evident that the different types
of requirements needed for the implementation of e-governance varied by the organizational factors. In other words,
the findings indicated that the approaches and strategies that needs to be adopted will differ with the organizational
characteristics. This differences needs to be considered at the time of implementation and should be incorporated
when developing the implementation plans by the implementing organization
The adoption and challenges of electronic voting technologies within the sout...IJMIT JOURNAL
Literature has shown that countries such as Brazil and India have successfully implemented electronic
voting systems and other countries are at various piloting stages to address many challenges associated
with manual paper based system such ascosts of physical ballot paper and other overheads, electoral
delays, distribution of electoral materials, and general lack of confidence in the electoral process. It is in
this context that this study explores how South African can leverage the opportunities that e-voting
presents. Manual voting is often tedious, non-secure, and time-consuming, which leads us to think about
using electronic facilities to make the process more efficient. This study proposes that the adoption of
electronic voting technologies could perhaps mitigate some of these issues and challengesin the process
improving the electoral process. The study used an on-line questionnaire which was administered to a
broader group of voters and an in-depth semi-structured interview with the Independent Electoral
Commission officials. The analysis is based on thematic analysis and diffusion of innovations theory is
adopted as a theoretical lens of analysis. The findings reveal that relative advantage, compatibility and
complexity would determine the intentions of South African voters and the Electoral Management Bodies
(IEC) to adopt e-voting technologies. Moreover, the findings also reveal several other factorsthat could
influence the adoption process. The study is limited to only voters in Cape Town and these voters were
expected to have some access to the internet. The sample size limits the generalizability of the findings of
this study.
Assessing the adoption of e government using tam model case of egyptIJMIT JOURNAL
Electronic government (e-government) was known as an efficient method for government expertness and proficiency as a vital facilitator for citizen-oriented services. Since their initiation over a decade ago, Egovernment services are recognised as a vehicle for accessing online public services. Both governments and academic researchers understand the difficulty of low-level adoption of e-government services among citizens; a common problem between both developing and developed countries. This paper investigates determinants and factors necessary to enhance adoption of citizens for e-government services in developing countries, with particular focus on Egypt, by extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) using a set of political, social, and design constructs that were developed from different sources of research literature.
ASSESSING THE ADOPTION OF E-GOVERNMENT USING TAM MODEL: CASE OF EGYPTIJMIT JOURNAL
Electronic government (e-government) was known as an efficient method for government expertness and proficiency as a vital facilitator for citizen-oriented services. Since their initiation over a decade ago, Egovernment services are recognised as a vehicle for accessing online public services. Both governments and academic researchers understand the difficulty of low-level adoption of e-government services among citizens; a common problem between both developing and developed countries. This paper investigates determinants and factors necessary to enhance adoption of citizens for e-government services in developing countries, with particular focus on Egypt, by extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) using a set of political, social, and design constructs that were developed from different sources of research literature.
E-Governance and the ICT Legislative Frameworktheijes
This study assesses the effect of ICT policies and practices toward ensuring the governance supported by information sharing in Tanzania. Logically, the work is organized in four main categories. The first category introduces the study through providing the background, statement of the problem and objectives. This part is followed by a research method. The study was based on interpretive principles, and it used secondary data to arrive to its conclusions. The analysis is conducted through grouping elements, which responds to the same pattern of the study, under the same section. The last part of the study provides the conclusion and recommendations to the local legislative framework
At this time, e-governance transformation is considered as one of the most important and biggest challenges among
and within the IT-related sector from the scale and complexity perspective. In this respect, the researches have
reviewed and studied some of the factors that affect implementing the e-governance for Public and private schools in
Governorate of Al Buraimi, Oman. The aim of the study was to determine whether there existed organizational
differences that demanded different approaches and strategies for the implementation of e-governance. The research
considered three organizational factors, which included, the type of the organization (public or private), size of the
organization and the work experience of the employees of the organization. In addition, the research considered the
some of the requirements needed for the implementation of e-governance. These requirements included, physical,
financial, administrative and management requirements. Through the research it was evident that the different types
of requirements needed for the implementation of e-governance varied by the organizational factors. In other words,
the findings indicated that the approaches and strategies that needs to be adopted will differ with the organizational
characteristics. This differences needs to be considered at the time of implementation and should be incorporated
when developing the implementation plans by the implementing organization
The adoption and challenges of electronic voting technologies within the sout...IJMIT JOURNAL
Literature has shown that countries such as Brazil and India have successfully implemented electronic
voting systems and other countries are at various piloting stages to address many challenges associated
with manual paper based system such ascosts of physical ballot paper and other overheads, electoral
delays, distribution of electoral materials, and general lack of confidence in the electoral process. It is in
this context that this study explores how South African can leverage the opportunities that e-voting
presents. Manual voting is often tedious, non-secure, and time-consuming, which leads us to think about
using electronic facilities to make the process more efficient. This study proposes that the adoption of
electronic voting technologies could perhaps mitigate some of these issues and challengesin the process
improving the electoral process. The study used an on-line questionnaire which was administered to a
broader group of voters and an in-depth semi-structured interview with the Independent Electoral
Commission officials. The analysis is based on thematic analysis and diffusion of innovations theory is
adopted as a theoretical lens of analysis. The findings reveal that relative advantage, compatibility and
complexity would determine the intentions of South African voters and the Electoral Management Bodies
(IEC) to adopt e-voting technologies. Moreover, the findings also reveal several other factorsthat could
influence the adoption process. The study is limited to only voters in Cape Town and these voters were
expected to have some access to the internet. The sample size limits the generalizability of the findings of
this study.
The BMC_DEISI is a composite index that aggregates a large number of published indicators reflecting various key factors of the information society and digital economy. Such factors should be exhaustive and hence capture different aspects such as inputs (drivers), enablers (regulation and business environment), outcomes and outputs (performance), and impacts.
The conceptual framework is composed of five sub-indices with their sub-pillars: Human Capital; ICT Readiness; Governance; ICT Adoption and Usage; and Economic & Social Impact. It includes 58 indicators, two of them are indices, to populate the 5 pillars and 10 sub-pillars.
Towards a sustainable e-Participation implementation model ePractice.eu
Author: M. Sirajul Islam.
This paper proposes a framework for an effective e-Participation model that can be suitable under certain socio-economic settings and applicable to any country. Most of such previous initiatives were experimental in nature and lacked in both public awareness and clearly defined expected outcomes.
The concept of local e-Government has become a key factor for delivering services in an efficient, cost
effective, transparent and convenient way, in circumstances where a) citizens do not have enough time
available to communicate with local authorities in order to perform their responsibilities and needs, and
b) information and communication technologies significantly facilitate administrative procedures and
citizens-government interaction. This paper aims to identify e-services that local authorities provide, and
to investigate their readiness for delivering these services. A pilot research has been conducted to identify
the offer of e-services by local authorities, along with e-readiness in municipalities of the Pelagonia
region in the Republic of Macedonia. The survey was carried out by means of structured interview
questions based on a modified model proposed by Partnership on Measuring ICT for Development – web
analysis of municipal websites in the region has been conducted, as well. The study reveals uneven
distribution according to the age group of users, lack of reliability and confidence for processing the needs
and requests electronically by a large part of the population, and improperly developed set of ICT tools by
local governments for providing a variety of services that can be fully processed electronically.
Top 10 Read Articles of Managing Information Technology - June 2021IJMIT JOURNAL
International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles that contribute new results in all areas of the strategic application of information technology (IT) in organizations. The journal focuses on innovative ideas and best practices in using IT to advance organizations – for-profit, non-profit, and governmental. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia, government and industry to focus on understanding both how to use IT to support the strategy and goals of the organization and to employ IT in new ways to foster greater collaboration, communication and information sharing both within the organization and with its stakeholders. The International Journal of Managing Information Technology seeks to establish new collaborations, new best practices, and new theories in these areas
M-government Implications For E-Government In Developing Countries: The Case ...Peachy Essay
This paper contributes to the issue of mGovernment implementations by exploring the government’s policy on ICT and e-Government in Saudi Arabia, and sheds light on the role of mGovernment applications for enhancing information and service delivery to citizens. This also describes the results of a survey on the available mGovernment applications, and provides an overall evaluation of them in Saudi Arabia.
Interoperability issues for the Deployment of Unified Communications and Inte...idescitation
Access to information holds the key to the empowerment of everybody despite where they are living. This
research is to be carried out in respect of the people living in
developing countries, considering their plight and complex
geographical, demographic, social-economic conditions
surrounding the areas they live, which hinder access to
information and of professionals providing services such as
medical workers, which has led to high death rates and
development
stagnation.
Research
on
Unified
Communications and Integrated Collaborations (UCIC)
system in the health sector of developing countries comes in
to create a possible solution of bridging the digital canyon
among the communities. The aim is to deliver services in a
seamless manner to assist health workers situated anywhere
to be accessed easily and access information which will help
in service delivery. The proposed UCIC system provides the
most immersive telepresence experience for one-to-one or
many-to-many meetings. Extending to locations anywhere in
the world, the transformative platform delivers Ultra-low
operating costs through the use of general purpose networks
and using special lenses and track systems. The aim of this
paper is to identify the interoperability issues anticipated in
the deployment of the UCIC system in the health sector of
developing countries and recommend possible solutions. These
recommendations once adopted and implemented correctly
will bring enhancement to the speed and quality of services
offered by health workers. The capacities of UCIC will help
health workers shorten decision cycles, accelerate service
delivery and save lives by speeding access to information and
by making it possible for all health workers and patients to
collaborate everywhere
The 5 generic digital governance models namely 1.Broadcasting 2.Comparative Analysis 3.Critical Flow 4.E-Advocacy 5.Interactive Service Model are described in this presentation.
E-government Implementation in Kenya, an evaluation of Factors hindering or p...Editor IJCATR
Use of ICT in Government has ability to improve service delivery to its citizens, and yet many developing countries have
lagged behind in the implementation of E-government. Many e-government initiatives also failed to achieve their objectives in
developing countries. This paper therefore aims to identify critical failure or success factors in Kenya, using Heeks’ Factor Model. A
survey questionnaire was developed and data were collected and analyzed from officials and interested citizens. The analysis result
enabled to highlight seven specific success and failure factors in Kenya. The enablers of e-government projects are good strategy
formulation, internal and external drive, employee competence and enough funding, whereas main failure of e-government are weak
ICT infrastructure, poor Project management and Design. Data analysis highlights both strengths and weaknesses for each factor or
factor. Finally, the study ends up with recommendations for policy makers to shape the future of e-government system in developing
countries.
Political and Legal Factors affecting Electronic Government in Kurdistan EECJOURNAL
Legal factors affecting electronic government include all regulatory and law determinants that can negatively or positively affect results of market actions and decisions of management of company functioning in particular country. Electronic government (e-Government) in its simplest form can mean using information and communication technology (ICT) tools to provide services to citizens. Still with the huge benefits and synergies that e-Government grants to governments and societies, it faces many obstacles and challenges. Therefore, there are always a number of critical success factors and risks associated with e-Government. The aim of this study is to analyze the critical political and legal factors effecting on the implementation of implementing electronic government in Kurdistan. The study adopted six political and legal factors to measure the influence on implementing electronic government, these factors were; transparency of government, power distance indicator, regulations and standard, employment law, political commitment, and privacy. By using quantitative research method via applying a structure survey for the citizens in Kurdistan region of Iraq, however the findings showed that transparency of government will have significant and positive influence on implementing electronic government, power distance indicator will have significant and positive influence on implementing electronic government, regulations and standard will have significant and positive influence on implementing electronic government, employment law will have significant and positive influence on implementing electronic government and political commitment will have significant and positive influence on implementing electronic government.
The Contribution of Information Technology Infrastructure in the Information ...IJRES Journal
There are some great innovations in e-government during the past decade. And there is intense competition between some governments and leaders in the supply of services on the Internet. Some countries do not want to stay behind in this area, where many governments have developed detailed strategies to realize the e-government programs. Despite differences in goals behind these programs from one country to another, but there are still many points of convergence between them particularly in information technology infrastructure field. However, Problems associated with the process of application and adoption of e-government due to poor systems and infrastructure construction, which negatively affects the adoption of the public services through the e-government portal, in particular in developing countries. This study argued contribution the information technology Infrastructure in Information Systems success in e-government agencies. Where there are weaknesses in the understanding of this contribution and its importance in many developing countries, so the researcher proposed a model to clarify this contribution, and expected a positive relationship between the information technology infrastructure factors and information systems success, and this affects positively or negatively the adoption of e-government.
The BMC_DEISI is a composite index that aggregates a large number of published indicators reflecting various key factors of the information society and digital economy. Such factors should be exhaustive and hence capture different aspects such as inputs (drivers), enablers (regulation and business environment), outcomes and outputs (performance), and impacts.
The conceptual framework is composed of five sub-indices with their sub-pillars: Human Capital; ICT Readiness; Governance; ICT Adoption and Usage; and Economic & Social Impact. It includes 58 indicators, two of them are indices, to populate the 5 pillars and 10 sub-pillars.
Towards a sustainable e-Participation implementation model ePractice.eu
Author: M. Sirajul Islam.
This paper proposes a framework for an effective e-Participation model that can be suitable under certain socio-economic settings and applicable to any country. Most of such previous initiatives were experimental in nature and lacked in both public awareness and clearly defined expected outcomes.
The concept of local e-Government has become a key factor for delivering services in an efficient, cost
effective, transparent and convenient way, in circumstances where a) citizens do not have enough time
available to communicate with local authorities in order to perform their responsibilities and needs, and
b) information and communication technologies significantly facilitate administrative procedures and
citizens-government interaction. This paper aims to identify e-services that local authorities provide, and
to investigate their readiness for delivering these services. A pilot research has been conducted to identify
the offer of e-services by local authorities, along with e-readiness in municipalities of the Pelagonia
region in the Republic of Macedonia. The survey was carried out by means of structured interview
questions based on a modified model proposed by Partnership on Measuring ICT for Development – web
analysis of municipal websites in the region has been conducted, as well. The study reveals uneven
distribution according to the age group of users, lack of reliability and confidence for processing the needs
and requests electronically by a large part of the population, and improperly developed set of ICT tools by
local governments for providing a variety of services that can be fully processed electronically.
Top 10 Read Articles of Managing Information Technology - June 2021IJMIT JOURNAL
International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles that contribute new results in all areas of the strategic application of information technology (IT) in organizations. The journal focuses on innovative ideas and best practices in using IT to advance organizations – for-profit, non-profit, and governmental. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia, government and industry to focus on understanding both how to use IT to support the strategy and goals of the organization and to employ IT in new ways to foster greater collaboration, communication and information sharing both within the organization and with its stakeholders. The International Journal of Managing Information Technology seeks to establish new collaborations, new best practices, and new theories in these areas
M-government Implications For E-Government In Developing Countries: The Case ...Peachy Essay
This paper contributes to the issue of mGovernment implementations by exploring the government’s policy on ICT and e-Government in Saudi Arabia, and sheds light on the role of mGovernment applications for enhancing information and service delivery to citizens. This also describes the results of a survey on the available mGovernment applications, and provides an overall evaluation of them in Saudi Arabia.
Interoperability issues for the Deployment of Unified Communications and Inte...idescitation
Access to information holds the key to the empowerment of everybody despite where they are living. This
research is to be carried out in respect of the people living in
developing countries, considering their plight and complex
geographical, demographic, social-economic conditions
surrounding the areas they live, which hinder access to
information and of professionals providing services such as
medical workers, which has led to high death rates and
development
stagnation.
Research
on
Unified
Communications and Integrated Collaborations (UCIC)
system in the health sector of developing countries comes in
to create a possible solution of bridging the digital canyon
among the communities. The aim is to deliver services in a
seamless manner to assist health workers situated anywhere
to be accessed easily and access information which will help
in service delivery. The proposed UCIC system provides the
most immersive telepresence experience for one-to-one or
many-to-many meetings. Extending to locations anywhere in
the world, the transformative platform delivers Ultra-low
operating costs through the use of general purpose networks
and using special lenses and track systems. The aim of this
paper is to identify the interoperability issues anticipated in
the deployment of the UCIC system in the health sector of
developing countries and recommend possible solutions. These
recommendations once adopted and implemented correctly
will bring enhancement to the speed and quality of services
offered by health workers. The capacities of UCIC will help
health workers shorten decision cycles, accelerate service
delivery and save lives by speeding access to information and
by making it possible for all health workers and patients to
collaborate everywhere
The 5 generic digital governance models namely 1.Broadcasting 2.Comparative Analysis 3.Critical Flow 4.E-Advocacy 5.Interactive Service Model are described in this presentation.
E-government Implementation in Kenya, an evaluation of Factors hindering or p...Editor IJCATR
Use of ICT in Government has ability to improve service delivery to its citizens, and yet many developing countries have
lagged behind in the implementation of E-government. Many e-government initiatives also failed to achieve their objectives in
developing countries. This paper therefore aims to identify critical failure or success factors in Kenya, using Heeks’ Factor Model. A
survey questionnaire was developed and data were collected and analyzed from officials and interested citizens. The analysis result
enabled to highlight seven specific success and failure factors in Kenya. The enablers of e-government projects are good strategy
formulation, internal and external drive, employee competence and enough funding, whereas main failure of e-government are weak
ICT infrastructure, poor Project management and Design. Data analysis highlights both strengths and weaknesses for each factor or
factor. Finally, the study ends up with recommendations for policy makers to shape the future of e-government system in developing
countries.
Political and Legal Factors affecting Electronic Government in Kurdistan EECJOURNAL
Legal factors affecting electronic government include all regulatory and law determinants that can negatively or positively affect results of market actions and decisions of management of company functioning in particular country. Electronic government (e-Government) in its simplest form can mean using information and communication technology (ICT) tools to provide services to citizens. Still with the huge benefits and synergies that e-Government grants to governments and societies, it faces many obstacles and challenges. Therefore, there are always a number of critical success factors and risks associated with e-Government. The aim of this study is to analyze the critical political and legal factors effecting on the implementation of implementing electronic government in Kurdistan. The study adopted six political and legal factors to measure the influence on implementing electronic government, these factors were; transparency of government, power distance indicator, regulations and standard, employment law, political commitment, and privacy. By using quantitative research method via applying a structure survey for the citizens in Kurdistan region of Iraq, however the findings showed that transparency of government will have significant and positive influence on implementing electronic government, power distance indicator will have significant and positive influence on implementing electronic government, regulations and standard will have significant and positive influence on implementing electronic government, employment law will have significant and positive influence on implementing electronic government and political commitment will have significant and positive influence on implementing electronic government.
The Contribution of Information Technology Infrastructure in the Information ...IJRES Journal
There are some great innovations in e-government during the past decade. And there is intense competition between some governments and leaders in the supply of services on the Internet. Some countries do not want to stay behind in this area, where many governments have developed detailed strategies to realize the e-government programs. Despite differences in goals behind these programs from one country to another, but there are still many points of convergence between them particularly in information technology infrastructure field. However, Problems associated with the process of application and adoption of e-government due to poor systems and infrastructure construction, which negatively affects the adoption of the public services through the e-government portal, in particular in developing countries. This study argued contribution the information technology Infrastructure in Information Systems success in e-government agencies. Where there are weaknesses in the understanding of this contribution and its importance in many developing countries, so the researcher proposed a model to clarify this contribution, and expected a positive relationship between the information technology infrastructure factors and information systems success, and this affects positively or negatively the adoption of e-government.
EVALUATING CITIZENS' PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS E-VOTING IN LOCAL GOVE...ijmpict
The implementation of Electronic Voting (eVoting) at the local level presents numerous advantages. It
affords citizens the opportunity to participate in the planning and decision-making processes that directly
affect their local communities. Furthermore, eVoting systems promote inclusivity and equality among the
citizenry. Moreover, the adoption of eVoting can enhance transparency and subsequently bolster citizens'
trust in their government. However, it is essential to underscore that the successful implementation of
eVoting is a notably intricate endeavor. The primary objective of this paper is to investigate citizens'
perceptions and attitudes regarding the implementation of eVoting in municipal elections. This research
aims to ascertain the feasibility of introducing eVoting in municipal elections and to identify the key factors
contributing to its successful implementation. To accomplish this, the findings of a study conducted
between May and July of 2023, which involved the participation of residents of the Municipality of
Thessaloniki are presented and analyzed. According to the findings, the eVoting paradigm, if all the
necessary measures are taken and all the necessary conditions for its proper implementation are met, is an
important and useful tool, which can promote e-Democracy and consequently democracy in local
communities.
EVALUATING CITIZENS' PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS E-VOTING IN LOCAL GOVE...ijmpict
The implementation of Electronic Voting (eVoting) at the local level presents numerous advantages. It
affords citizens the opportunity to participate in the planning and decision-making processes that directly
affect their local communities. Furthermore, eVoting systems promote inclusivity and equality among the
citizenry. Moreover, the adoption of eVoting can enhance transparency and subsequently bolster citizens'
trust in their government. However, it is essential to underscore that the successful implementation of
eVoting is a notably intricate endeavor. The primary objective of this paper is to investigate citizens'
perceptions and attitudes regarding the implementation of eVoting in municipal elections. This research
aims to ascertain the feasibility of introducing eVoting in municipal elections and to identify the key factors
contributing to its successful implementation. To accomplish this, the findings of a study conducted
between May and July of 2023, which involved the participation of residents of the Municipality of
Thessaloniki are presented and analyzed. According to the findings, the eVoting paradigm, if all the
necessary measures are taken and all the necessary conditions for its proper implementation are met, is an
important and useful tool, which can promote e-Democracy and consequently democracy in local
communities.
CITIZENS’ ACCEPTANCE OF E-GOVERNMENT SERVICESijcseit
The rate of computer and internet usage has been increasing rapidly around the world. In parallel with the
technologic developments in computer science, transformation from traditional services to online services
has gained speed. The aim of this study is to predict the factors that affect e-government service usage. A
research model is developed to achieve this aim. The proposed model bases on Technology Acceptance
Model and Theory of Planned Behaviour. A questionnaire is developed to evaluate the model. This
questionnaire composes of two parts: demographics part and item part. In the items part, 32 items
comprising the factors of the proposed model are asked to participants. 100 participants fill the
questionnaire. Reliability analysis of the questionnaire is evaluated with internal consistency reliability
method. Results show that all items satisfies the reliability conditions. The reliability of whole
questionnaire Cronbach Alpha is 0.885. The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale of each of the factors
ranges from 0.878 to 0.890. Regression analysis results showed that all hypotheses are supported. This
study provides some valuable references to understand citizens’ acceptance level of e-government services.
CITIZENS’ ACCEPTANCE OF E-GOVERNMENT SERVICESijcseit
The rate of computer and internet usage has been increasing rapidly around the world. In parallel with the
technologic developments in computer science, transformation from traditional services to online services
has gained speed. The aim of this study is to predict the factors that affect e-government service usage. A
research model is developed to achieve this aim. The proposed model bases on Technology Acceptance
Model and Theory of Planned Behaviour. A questionnaire is developed to evaluate the model. This
questionnaire composes of two parts: demographics part and item part. In the items part, 32 items
comprising the factors of the proposed model are asked to participants. 100 participants fill the
questionnaire. Reliability analysis of the questionnaire is evaluated with internal consistency reliability
method. Results show that all items satisfies the reliability conditions. The reliability of whole
questionnaire Cronbach Alpha is 0.885. The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale of each of the factors
ranges from 0.878 to 0.890. Regression analysis results showed that all hypotheses are supported. This
study provides some valuable references to understand citizens’ acceptance level of e-government services.
The advancement of the information and communications technology has helped almost all governments across the world as they have exploited these technologies for delivering services to their citizens. However, this phenomenon may face several challenges and barriers that lead to the failure in its adoption, use, or continuous usage. In the Arab countries, the rate of failure in the use of electronic services is high in the public sector. Therefore, previous studies have concentrated on this critical issue and highlighted on the citizens’ perspective andignored the perspective of employees in the government organizations.In addition, very few previous studies dealt with the quality of the services based on the employees’viewpoint. Thus, based on the arguments that have been stated earlier, this preliminary study strives to identify the factors that may affect the electronic administrative adoption according to the employees’ perspective. With regard to the data collection, the quantitative method, self-administered questionnaires will be distributed among the staff of the Al-Mustansiriyah University, Iraq.With regard to data analysis, a partial least squares structural equation modelling will be used as a technique to analyse the collected data from a key respondent (Employee). In fact, this research strivesto enrich the literature by adding more information about the factors that may hinder theadoption of modern technologies in general and electronic administration in particular. With regard to the Al-Mustansiriyah University, the present study is considered as the first study conducted in this area; therefore the outputs will assist the government to remedy these obstacles before beginning any project in the public sector including the use of ICT instead of the conventional manner.The result of the analysis showed that system quality, service quality, trust of organization, and usefulness were found as significant factors that affect the employees’ adoption of e-administration services in University.
Tanzania government has been making efforts to provide its information and services through internet. However, e-government adoption has been quite slow. Few publications explore e-government adoption in Tanzanian context; therefore, the purpose of this paper is to assess factors that influence citizen adoption of e-government in Tanzania.Design/methodology/approach- A survey was administered to elicit factors for egovernment adoption in Tanzania. Findings- The results of multiple linear regressions indicate that social influence and system quality significantly influence e-government adoption in Tanzania.Research limitation/implications- In light of these findings, researchers should conduct a similar study using other different models of e-government adoption, in order to identify more factors that influence e-government adoption in Tanzania.
Practical implications- Policy makers and e-government project teams should consider these factors to facilitate e-government adoption within the country.
THE CRITICAL ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS OF E-GOVERNMENT IN KENYA Editor IJCATR
eGovernment focusses on the use of technology to achieve levels of improvement in various areas of government, transforming the nature of politics and relations between the government and citizens. However, in Kenya, just like in other developing nations, many eGovernment projects have either stalled or failed to meet their objectives due to some key organizational factors. This study therefore highlights critical organizational factors affecting eGovernment projects and the nature of their relationships with eGovernment performance. The study employed cross-sectional survey design. Targeting the entire 18 eGovernment projects implemented through the Information Communications Authority of Kenya since 2005. Both primary and secondary data was collected and analyzed based on response from 217 respondents out of the 300 who participated (72% response rate). At the end, it emerged that out of the various organizational factors hypothesized to predict eGovernment projects Performance, only organizational structure, prioritization of deliverables, and organizational culture are critical in Kenyan context. Others identified in previous studies such as future needs of the organization, power distribution, structure, information system strategy alignment, prioritization of deliverables, and training were also important but not critical.
THE EFFECT OF INTERNAL FACTORS WITHIN THE GOVERNMENT ENTITIES ON THE IMPLEMEN...ijmpict
The building of e-government has become a priority issue as well as a challenge for many local, state, and
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government sector by shedding the light on the most important factors affecting the delivery journey for egovernment projects
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The impact of e politician on the adoption of e-service perceptions from a sample of south african municipal it heads
1. International Journal of Managing Public Sector Information and Communication Technologies (IJMPICT)
Vol. 5, No. 3, September 2014
THE IMPACT OF E-POLITICIAN ON THE ADOPTION
OF E-SERVICE: PERCEPTIONS FROM A SAMPLE OF
SOUTH AFRICAN MUNICIPAL IT HEADS
Ntjatji Gosebo1
1Department of Public Service and Administration, South Africa
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to establish whether the use of information technology (IT) by elected
municipal representatives, for constituency work, emboldens the adoption of e-service in municipals of a
developing country. The research data was obtained through the completion of a questionnaire by a
sample of respondents who serve as authorities of IT in South African municipals. The findings from both
descriptive and inferential data analysis of collected data confirm that the use of IT by elected municipal
representatives for constituency work impacts the adoption of e-service in municipals. Furthermore, the
use of IT by elected municipal representatives for constituency work correlated with both e-service laws
and e-service security. This study contributes to a better understanding of choices needed when planning
for the adoption of e-service initiatives in municipals of developing countries. Given that 87.2% of
respondents are aware of a high access to telephone mobile, a further research is needed to clarify why
most elected municipal representatives of a developing country choose not to exploit IT for their
constituency work, and similarly why municipals of a developing country do not exploit IT to provide
services.
KEYWORDS
e-politician, e-service adoption, municipal, developing country, elected municipal representative
1. INTRODUCTION
Elected government representatives (politicians) use IT as a method to enhance their
constituency work (Effing et al., 2011; Grant et al., 2010). Politicians with higher Social Media
engagement got relatively more votes within most political parties in the 2010 national elections
of Netherlands (Effing et al., 2011). The finding by Grant et al. (2010) also affirms that
Australian politicians who used Twitter to converse appeared to gain more political benefit from
the platform than others. Therefore, to what extent does the use of IT for constituency work by
elected municipal representatives of a developing country, impact the adoption of e-service in
their respective municipals?
The concept of e-government has been described as a composition of e-organization, e-service,
e-democracy, and e-politician (Carrizales, 2008; Serrano-Cinca et al., 2009; Kabir and Baniamin,
2011; Weerakkody et al., 2011). E-organization is mainly concerned with the use of information
technology by governments for the optimization of their internal efficiency and effectiveness. E-service
is defined as the use of information technology in the efficient and effective provision of
public services to citizens. E-democracy consists in the use of information technology to ensure
that citizens’ voices are heard in public decision-making processes such as elections, petitions,
etc. And e-politician simply refers to the use of IT by politicians in their political duties.
DOI : 10.5121/ijmpict.2014.5301 1
2. International Journal of Managing Public Sector Information and Communication Technologies (IJMPICT)
Vol. 5, No. 3, September 2014
Developing countries aspire to provide e-service, but, most of them lack sufficient levels of
critical IT resources. Governments of developing countries do not necessarily have fully
functional and integrated back-offices or infrastructure to support web services (Kamal, 2006).
The lack of IT infrastructure is attested by the United Nations’ e-government index of 0.2642 on
Africa, which is below the average world e-government index of 0.4267 (Imran and Gregor,
2007). Thus, e-service adoption for developing countries should start from establishing IT
infrastructure, and thereafter ensuring peoples’ access to IT infrastructure (Kabir and Baniamin,
2011; Gosebo and Eyono-Obono, 2012).
This study borrows the abovementioned e-service adoption concept as articulated by Gosebo and
Eyono-Obono (2012) and Kabir and Baniamin (2011) for developing countries, to achieve the
aim of the study. The municipal IT head is considered the best informant on the IT usage by
politicians, because overall IT support and maintenance in organizations is the IT head’s
responsibility (Carrizales, 2008; Li and Qiu, 2010). Therefore, this study aims to analyse
whether IT usage by elected municipal politicians for constituency work encourages the adoption
of e-service, using lenses of municipal IT heads. Irani et al. (2012) found that e-government
studies conducted between 2002 and 2012 used government IT and general staff as respondents
in only 7.70% of all studies, whence the choice of this study’s respondents as Municipal IT heads
becomes important.
2
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Various studies have established the importance that the support of elected government
representatives (politicians) holds for the adoption of e-government (Arduini et al., 2010;
Bwalya, 2009; Serrano-Cinca et al., 2008; Weerakkody et al., 2010). E-government initiatives
are long term projects and need long-term financial support from the elected government
representatives (Weerakkody et al., 2010). Political influences have been a major force in
selecting and implementing information technology projects in government (Serrano-Cinca et
al., 2008). Political support is reflected by technology adoption and decisions to undertake costly
innovation efforts in the public sector (Arduini et al., 2010; Bwalya, 2009).
The support that politicians give to the adoption of e-services depends on how best e-service
could advance objectives of their governments. Benefits of e-service to government objectives
influence the adoption of e-service (Kamal, 2006; Potnis and Pardo, 2011). Other studies (Carter
and Weerakkody, 2008; Rokhman, 2011) use the concept of relative advantage to imply benefits
of e-service to government objectives.
Politicians are responsible for providing legislation to facilitate e-government legitimacy, with
laws such as user authentication and e-government security. Basu (2004) submits that e-government
friendly legislative revisions and enactment are required, as traditional laws, rules,
and regulations might not recognize the legality of e-government transactions. It is not possible
to transfer e-commerce solutions and development approaches directly to the public
administration, because, of the legal framework that governs public administration (Alpar and
Sebastian, 2005).
The ultimate approval for the municipal institutional arrangements to facilitate e-government
rests with elected municipal representatives, and institutional arrangements as a factor for
enabling e-government are recognized in literature (Al-Awadhi and Morris, 2009; Davison et al.,
2005; Ebrahim and Irani, 2005; Elsheikh et al., 2008; Hassan et al., 2011). Reforming
bureaucracy so as to smoothly facilitate e-government adoption was identified by studies that
included Elsheikh et al. (2008) and Al-Awadhi and Morris (2009). Providing an enabling
3. International Journal of Managing Public Sector Information and Communication Technologies (IJMPICT)
Vol. 5, No. 3, September 2014
organization to facilitate e-government was recognized by studies that included Davison et al.,
(2005), Ebrahim and Irani (2005), and Hassan et al. (2011).
Leadership of e-government, as an aspect of the preceding institutional arrangements, is critical
for e-government adoption. Even cases where IT managers initiate the adoption of new
technology, support from administrative authorities may play a significant role in whether
innovation efforts are adopted (Kamal, 2006). The probability of e-government adoption
increases with the presence and leadership of an IT department within a municipality (Carrizales,
2008). IT leadership of top managers is often directly associated with the inclusion of the IT
head in the executive team (Li and Qiu, 2010).
The figure below encapsulates the foregoing presentation of what has been established in
literature about the influence of the e-politician on the adoption of e-government.
3
Figure 1 – Summary of Literature Review
Anyhow, none of these studies analysed the direct and indirect impact of e-politician on e-services
as summarized in figure 2 from literature review of this study. Also, IT habits of a
politician that impact e-service adoption were not a focus of any of the abovementioned studies.
This paper aims to test whether the habit of using IT by municipal politicians for their
constituency work influence the adoption of e-service in municipals of a developing country.
3. RESEARCH AIM AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
The purpose of this paper is to analyse whether the use of IT by elected municipal
representatives, in their constituency work, impacts the adoption of e-service in municipals of a
developing country. This study is conceptually grounded in Rogers’s model of the diffusion of
innovations (DoI) theory, where Rogers (2003, 12) defines an innovation as “an idea, practice, or
object that is perceived as new by an individual or other unit of adoption”. Additionally, Rogers
(2003:473) defines adoption as: a decision to make full use of an innovation as the best course of
action available.
Rogers (2003) defines several intrinsic characteristics of innovations that influence an
individual’s decision to adopt or reject an innovation, as shown in table 1 below.
4. International Journal of Managing Public Sector Information and Communication Technologies (IJMPICT)
Vol. 5, No. 3, September 2014
4
Table 1 - Innovation Characteristics (Rogers, 2003)
Characteristic Description
Relative
advantage
How improved an innovation is over the previous generation?
Compatibility The level of compatibility that an innovation has to be assimilated into an
individual’s life.
Complexity or
Simplicity
If the innovation is perceived as complicated or difficult to use, an
individual is unlikely to adopt it.
Trialability How easily an innovation may be experimented. If a user is able to test an
innovation, the individual will be more likely to adopt it.
Observability The extent that an innovation is visible to others. An innovation that is more
visible will drive communication among the individual’s peers and personal
networks and will in turn create more positive or negative reactions.
The innovation process in organizations is much more complex. It generally involves a number
of individuals, perhaps including both supporters and opponents of the new idea, each of whom
plays a role in the innovation-decision.
4. RESEARCH DESIGN
This section describes how data was collected through a perceptions’ survey instrument designed
along the literature review summary of figure 1 above, while section 5 explains quantitative and
inferential analysis of collected data using the SPSS software package.
4.1. Data Collection
Municipal IT heads were polled from all 9 provinces of South Africa. South Africa has 278
municipalities spread across 9 provinces. A choice to survey heads of municipal IT was made on
the basis that they are expected to possess accurate and best information on the use of IT by
politicians, also possess information about the levels of e-service in their respective municipals.
Data was collected in the form of an online questionnaire that ensured voluntary, anonymous,
and convenient participation. The online questionnaire comprised of 65 items on the e-government
adoption factors associated with politicians as identified earlier in the literature
review and depicted in figure 1. The first research construct on the profile of the municipalities
and of their heads of IT contained 15 items; while the remaining 5 research constructs were 5-
point Likert-scale items with 10 items each. Among the research design, methodologies and
approaches adopted in the extant e-government research studies, the quantitative research based
approach supported by statistical analysis was the most dominant approach applied by authors in
the last decade (Irani et al., 2012).
5. RESEARCH RESULTS
Data was quantitatively analysed using the SPSS software package. Reliability and validity tests
were performed on collected data, followed by the descriptive and inferential statistical analysis
of the collected data.
5. International Journal of Managing Public Sector Information and Communication Technologies (IJMPICT)
Vol. 5, No. 3, September 2014
5
5.1. Data Reliability and Validity
Reliability and validity tests performed on the collected data found that research constructs of
this study were reliable and valid for all the Likert-scale based research variables, as summarized
in the table below.
Table 2 – Reliability and Validity of Likert-Scale Based Research
Variables
Construct Survey
items
Reliable
Items
Valid Cronbach
coefficient ()
IT security risks 10 4 0.870
Support for Municipal Objectives 10 8 0.934
Adequacy of the e-government
10 10 0.894
regulatory framework
IT Usage by politicians 10 6 0.894
Adoption of e-government
10 10 0.915
(resultant)
The overall validity of the above Likert-scale based research variables is 0.915.
5.2. Descriptive Statistics
The analysis of the descriptive statistics computed by this study shows interesting results on the
profile of municipalities and of respective heads of IT; and on general trends followed by the
Likert-scale based research variables.
5.2.1. A Profile of municipality and its head of IT
The spread of responses received from municipal IT heads ranged between 5.77% and 19.23%
across 9 provinces of South Africa, whence the sample was fairly representative. The figure
below summarizes descriptive statistics of the typical municipal IT head, in a South African
municipal.
Table 3 – Municipal IT Head
Profile Attribute (Municipal IT head) Frequency
Not part of the executive team 80.0%
Holds a minimum of an undergraduate qualification 72.7%
African 70.9%
Under 40 years 87.3%
Male 83.6%
Worked 1 to 5 years in a municipal 55.77%
6. International Journal of Managing Public Sector Information and Communication Technologies (IJMPICT)
Vol. 5, No. 3, September 2014
6
Also, the table below summarizes characteristics of a typical municipality
Table 4 – Municipal Profile
Profile Attribute (Municipal) Frequency
Poor municipals 83.6%
Poor households 94.5%
Minimum of 75 mobile phones per 100 individuals 87.2%
5.2.2. Frequencies for Likert-Scale Based Research Variables
Frequencies for Likert-scale based research variables are summarized in the table below.
Table 5 - Likert-Scale Based Research Variables
Construct Ratings
1 and 2 3 4 and 5
IT security risks 9.27% 68.91% 21.82%
Effectiveness of e-gov. enabling laws 21.27% 36.18% 42.55%
IT’s importance for municipal objectives 7.45% 33.28% 59.27%
Use of IT by politicians 46,00% 48.55% 5.45%
Adoption of e-government (resultant) 42,00% 43.28% 14.72%
5.3. Inferential Statistics
One way ANOVA tests were done between each profile item of municipalities’ demographics
and of their heads of IT, against the dependent variable on the perceived diffusion of e-government
in municipalities; and correlation tests were also performed between each Likert-scale
based research variable against the dependent variable.
5.3.1. One Way ANOVA
ANOVA tests between the perceived diffusion of e-government in municipalities and all ordinal
items of the profile of the municipalities and their heads of IT did not show any relationship:
urban or rural (F= 0.634), age (F = 0.554), educational level (F = 0.140), IT experience (F =
0.376), local government experience (F = 0.354), employment level (F = 0.551), teledensity (F =
0.937), municipality’s service expenditure per annum (F = 0.589), annual household income (F
= 0.661), and annual productivity index (F = 0.395).
ANOVA tests between the e-politician and all ordinal items of the profile of the municipalities
and their heads of IT did not show any relationship: urban or rural (F=1.86), age (F = 0 .48),
educational level (F = 1.05), IT experience (F = 1.43), local government experience (F = 0. 60),
employment level (F = 0.81), teledensity (F = 1.08), municipality’s service expenditure per
annum (F = 0.72), annual household income (F = 0.30), and annual productivity index (F =
0.41).
7. International Journal of Managing Public Sector Information and Communication Technologies (IJMPICT)
Vol. 5, No. 3, September 2014
7
5.3.2. Correlations
Table 6 – Correlations
Profile
e. gov
Security
e-gov
Laws
Strategic
Objectives
Politician
IT use
IT
Services
Profile Pearson Corr. 1
2-tailed Sig.
N 54
e-gov.
Security
Pearson Corr. -0.230 1
2-tailed Sig. 0.095
N 54 55
e-gov. laws Pearson Corr. -0.158 0.233 1
2-tailed Sig. 0.255 0.088
N 54 55 55
Strategic
Objectives
Pearson Corr. -0.047 0.138 0.187 1
2-tailed Sig. 0.734 0.314 0.172
N 54 55 55 55
Politician’s
IT use
Pearson Corr. -0.046 0.406** 0.378** 0.156 1
2-tailed Sig. 0.743 0.002 0.004 0.255
N 54 55 55 55 55
IT Enabled
Services
Pearson Corr. 0.053 0.127 0.601** 0.200 0.406** 1
2-tailed Sig. 0.706 0.355 0.000 0.143 0.002
N 54 55 55 55 55 55
6. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
Descriptive analysis of data collected through a survey of a sample of municipal IT heads finds a
low rate of e-politicians (5.45%) and a corresponding low rate of e-service adoption (14.72%).
This finding is supported by inferential findings that e-politician correlates with e-service
adoption. The compatibility characteristic from the DoI theory of Rogers (2003), namely, that
the degree to which the use of IT by politicians for constituency work is perceived as a better
idea by very few politicians; conversely, very few municipals perceive the adoption of e-services
as a better idea. Therefore, this study confirms knowledge from previous studies (Arduini et al.,
2010; Bwalya, 2009; Serrano-Cinca et al., 2008; Weerakkody et al., 2010). The relationship
established between e-politician and e-service is depicted in figure 2, below, that summarizes
overall findings.
However, descriptive analysis found that 87.2% of respondents believe that there are at least 75
mobile phones for 100 individuals. Thus, mobile phones are considered as a better idea by most
municipal residents in accordance with Rogers (2003) DoI theory. This raises a question as to
why most politicians are not using the mobile communications opportunity to advance their
constituency work; as well, why are municipal IT heads not using the mobile telephone
opportunity to provide municipal services online.
Laws facilitating e-services (e-laws) were rated by 42.55% of respondents as having an impact
on e-service adoption. The descriptive finding on e-laws is strengthened by findings from
inferential analysis that e-laws correlate with e-service. As well, inferential analysis found that
e-laws correlate with e-politician, in accordance with compatibility characteristics from Rogers
(2003) DoI theory. This finding about e-service, e-laws and e-politician confirms previous
8. International Journal of Managing Public Sector Information and Communication Technologies (IJMPICT)
Vol. 5, No. 3, September 2014
studies (Alpar and Sebastian, 2005; Basu, 2004). The finding suggests a relationship between e-laws,
8
e-politician and e-services as depicted in figure 2, below, that summarizes overall results.
A puzzling 68.91% of respondents did not know whether e-security impacted e-service adoption,
despite the fact that at least 72.7% of respondents said they are university graduates. Whereas e-service
security (e-security) is a product of e-laws (Alpar and Sebastian, 2005; Basu, 2004),
inferential analysis of this study found that e-security neither correlated with neither e-laws nor
e-service. Instead, inferential analysis found that e-security correlates with e-politician, in
accordance with compatibility characteristics from Rogers (2003) DoI theory. This finding
suggests a relationship between e-security and e-politician is depicted in figure 2, below, that
summarizes overall results.
e-Laws
Friendly
e-Security
Frindly
Municipal
Objectives
e-Service
e-Institution
Friendly
Figure 2 – Summarized Findings
e-Politician
Attributes of institutional arrangements form part of the profile of the municipal IT head and the
municipal. Descriptive results of the profile, further to mobile teledensity findings that have
already been presented with e-politician and e-service, show that 80% of respondents were not
part of the executive team. Added to this, the study found that 42.8% of total municipals in
South Africa did not have IT departments, in accordance with compatibility characteristics from
Rogers (2003) DoI theory. The finding that 80% of respondents were not part of the executive
team, begs a question from Li and Qiu (2010) assertions about who prepares and submits e-government
motivations to elected municipal representatives for approval. Therefore,
relationships are suggested by descriptive results between e-politician, e-Institution, and e-service
as depicted in figure 2 that summarizes overall results.
The importance of IT for achieving municipal objectives was rated very high 59.27% by
respondents, in accordance with compatibility characteristics from Rogers (2003) DoI theory.
Nevertheless, this variable did not correlate with any other variable at all. This study suspects
that the high rating was unduly influenced by the fact that a Mayor’s performance contract is
cascaded down to all municipal employees; and IT is purported as a tool of Municipal service
delivery. Even so, a surprising 33.28% of respondents were neutral as to whether IT is important
for the achievement of municipal objectives, and this may be explained by the possibility that
non-municipal employees serve as IT heads in 42.8% of municipals. However, it was not the aim
of this study to establish, amongst others, whether respondents were municipal employees or
contracted IT providers. Therefore, relationships are suggested by descriptive results between
municipal objectives and e-service as depicted in figure 2 that summarizes overall results.
There were other puzzling responses that could only be explained by the possibility that non-municipal
employees served as IT heads: 48.55% of respondents did not know whether elected
municipal representatives used IT for their political activities; 43.28% of respondents did not
9. International Journal of Managing Public Sector Information and Communication Technologies (IJMPICT)
Vol. 5, No. 3, September 2014
know whether municipal services were IT enabled; Alternatively, the tendency for neutral
responses by municipal IT heads on IT matters may be resulting from the corresponding findings
that 80.0% of the informants were not part of the executive team. An assertion of Carrizales
(2008) and Kamal (2006) about the correlation of the presence of an IT department and e-service
adoption is confirmed by the foregoing.
9
7. CONCLUSIONS AND FURTHER RESEARCH
This study aimed to determine whether municipal e-politicians have an impact on the adoption of
municipal e-service in a developing country. The analysis of both descriptive and inferential
analysis of data collected from municipal IT heads confirms that there is a relationship between
e-politicians and e-service. Furthermore, this study found that the e-politician impacts e-laws that
in turn impact e-service; e-politician impacts e-security; and e-politician impacts e-institution
that in turn impacts e-service.
This conclusion has been summarised in figure 2 above. However, there were a noticeable
percentage of respondents who tended to choose neutral responses. A further research is needed
to clarify why most elected municipal representatives choose not to use IT for their constituency
work, and why only few municipal services are IT enabled. Such further research should be
located in the context of a finding of this study that 87.2% of respondents were aware that their
developing country had at least 75 mobile telephones for 100 individuals.
8. REFERENCES
[1] Al-Awadhi S. and Morris A. 2009, “Factors Influencing the Adoption of E-government Services”.
Journal of Software, Vol. 4, No. 6, pp. 584 – 590
[2] Alpar P.and and Olbrich S. 2005. Electronic Journal of e-Government Volume 3 Issue 3 (107-116)
[3] Arduini, D., Belotti, F., Denni, M., Giungato, G., and Zanfei, A. 2010, “Technology adoption and
innovation in public services the case of e-government in Italy”, Inf. Econ. Policy
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Author
Ntjatji Gosebo serves as the Government Chief Information Officer in the Department of Public Service
and Administration, South Africa. He studied Computer Science from New Jersey Institute of
Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA