Report in Management Theory Contain evolution of e governance in the Philippines and the status.

1. EVOLUTION OF STUDY:
e-Governance

2. Definition:
E-governance is the public sector’s use of
information and communication technology
with the aim of:
 Improving information and service
delivery;
 Encouraging citizens participation in the
decision-making process; and
 Making government more accountable,
transparent and effective.
UNESCO (www.unesco.org)

3. The word ‘e-governance’ can be viewed as
governance and the ICT revolution.
The word ‘governance’ has been
developed from a Greek word ‘kuberna’
which means to steer.
The Internet was developed in the 15th
century. It shapes the ability to
communicate, share, distribute, exchange,
formalize, use and network information at a
speed that is not experienced before.

4. The Origin of E-Governance
1970’s - the concept of e-Governance origin in India.
1980’s India’s efforts of the National Informatics Center
(NIC) to connect all the district headquarters during
was a very significant development.
1980’s Administrative reform and development have
experienced Total Quality Management
1990’s the core ideas and techniques associated with
“putting government online”. President Bill Clinton’s
administration’s aim to “reinvent government”
Mid
1990’s
United States and Britain (along with other countries,
notably Canada and Australia) that led the way, both
in establishing a basic informational form of Web
presence.
Late E-government became known and developed.

5. Theories
“There is no e-government textbook
and no e-government theory;
knowledge comes from practice;
excellence comes from best
practices” (World Bank 2002:2)

6. Possible Models relating
Governance and ICT
• Broadcasting Model
• Critical Flow Model
• Comparative Analysis Model
• E-Advocacy / Mobilization and
Lobbying Model
• Interactive-Service model

7. Types of Service Delivery in
E-Governance:
• G2C (Government-to-Citizens)
• G2B (Government-to-Business)
• G2G (Government-to-Government)
• Intragovernment

8. 5 Stages of E-Governance
Infor-
mation
Inter-
action
Tran-
saction
Trans-
formati
on
Institutio-
nalization
Increasing value to
citizens and
businesses
Increasing complexity

9. Evolution of E-Governance in the Philippines
1971 National Computer Center (NCC) was established. - EO 322.
1978
NCC was designated as the primary agency responsible in
directing IT use for national development and rationalizing
computerization in the country.
1994
The National Information Technology Council (NITC) was
created and designated as the central policy body on ICT
matters in the country. - EO 190
1998
The NITC was recognized as the highest planning and policy
advisory body on IT matters.
The Government launched IT21 which outlines the country’s
action agenda for 21st century. It promotes e-governance
and encourages the outsourcing of government ICT projects.
Electronic Commerce Promotion Council (ECPC) was created
as a coordinating body to enhance public-private
partnerships to promote and develop e-commerce in the
Philippines. EO 468

10. 2000
Enactment of the E-commerce Act. This law defines
the Philippine government’s policies on electronic
transactions and provides the legal framework for
enabling the country to engage in e-governance. –
RA 8792
Government Information System Plan (GSIP) was
approved and adopted as a framework and guide
for all computerization efforts in government .-EO
265.
 Faster and better delivery of public goods and
service.
 Greater transparency in government operations;
 Increased capacities of public sector
organization; and
 Proactive participation of citizens in government.

11. 2002
Merging of NITC and ECPC to form Information
Technology and Electronic Commerce Council
(ITECC) EO 264
2003 E-Procurement Act – RA 9184
2010 Automated Election
2011
Institutionalizing the certification scheme for
digital signatures and directing the application of
digital signature in e-Government services. (EO
891)
2011
Creation of Commission on Information and
Communication Technology (CICT)
2011 Data Privacy Act - RA 10173
2012 Cybercrime Prevention Act – RA 10175
2015
Department of Information and Communication
Technology

12. State of E-Governance in
the Philippines
• UN Report 2012 - From 78th in
2010 to 88th in 2012
5th among southeast Asian
Countries: Lower in all parameters
(e-participation, human capital,
online services and infrastructure)
www.digitalphilippines.org

13. • UN E-Government Survey 2014– ranked
95th among 193 countries and 54th in
terms of citizen participation.
• UN Report 2015 - Middle EDGI (between
0.25 and 0.5) e-government services are
increasingly delivered through mobile
services.
• ASEAN Study – Ranked similarly in
Thailand. Philippines has implemented more
Frontline e-Government websites.
www.digitalphilippines.org

14. References:
• Muhammad Muinul and Abu Momtaz Saaduddin
Ahmed (2007), “Understanding E-Governance:
a Theoretical Approach” Asian Affairs, Vol. 29,
No. 4 : 29-46
• Prof. Arie Halachmi (2004), “E-Government
Theory and Practice: The Evidence from
Tennessee (USA)”
• Sharon S Dawes (2008), “The Evolution and
Continuing Challenges of E-Governance” Public
Administration Review
• www.unesco.org
• www.digitalgovernment.com
• www.digitalphilppines.com