This document summarizes a study on the strength properties of concrete modified with sintered fly ash aggregates and silicon dioxide (nano material). Fly ash is a byproduct of coal combustion in thermal power plants. The study uses fly ash to create sintered aggregates as a partial replacement for natural coarse aggregates in concrete. Various concrete mixes are tested with different percentages of nano silicon dioxide added. The compressive strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, density, and Mode-II fracture properties are evaluated for each mix and compared to a control mix. The mix with 0.5% nano silicon dioxide performed best with a 27% increase in compressive strength compared to the control mix. This study demonstrates that waste fly ash
IRJET- Behaviour of RC Slabs with Recycled Aggregates Subjected to Static and...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the use of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste in concrete as a replacement for natural aggregates. Recycled aggregates are produced by collecting waste concrete, crushing it, sieving it, and washing it.
2) Previous studies have found that concrete made with recycled aggregates as a partial or full replacement of natural coarse aggregates can achieve comparable compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths as normal concrete. However, further research is still needed to determine the impact on concrete durability.
3) The current study aims to produce recycled aggregates from construction waste on campus and use them in proportions of 0%, 30%, 60%, and 100% as a replacement for natural coarse aggregates in concrete mixes. The
A Brief Study on the Strength Properties of Concrete Modified with Silica Fum...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the strength properties of concrete modified with silica fume aggregates and iron oxide nanoparticles. Various concrete mixes were prepared by replacing coarse aggregates with silica fume aggregates and partially replacing cement with silica fume, slag, and fly ash along with additions of 0-2% iron oxide nanoparticles. The concrete was tested at 28 days for compressive strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, and Mode-II fracture behavior. The results showed that the mix with 11% cement replaced with pozzolans and 1.5% iron oxide nanoparticles exhibited the best performance with 46% higher compressive strength and 33% higher flexural strength compared to normal concrete. The study demonstrated that the use
An Experimental Study on Sintered Fly Ash Aggregate Concrete Modified With Na...IRJET Journal
This document describes an experimental study on concrete made with 100% replacement of natural aggregates with sintered fly ash aggregates. Various mixes were tested with partial replacement of cement (11%) with silica fume, slag, and fly ash, along with additions of nano aluminum oxide (Al2O3) at 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% of the replaced cement. Specimens were cast and tested for properties such as compressive strength and mode-II fracture behavior. The aim was to develop a more sustainable concrete by utilizing industrial waste materials and improving mechanical properties with nano additions.
Compressive Strength of Concrete made from Natural Fine Aggregate Sources in ...Oyeniyi Samuel
This document presents the results of a study investigating the compressive strength of concrete made from five different sources of natural fine aggregate in Minna, Nigeria. Tests were conducted on the aggregates to determine properties like specific gravity, bulk density, moisture content, and sieve analysis. Concrete mixes were designed using aggregate-cement ratios of 1:2:4, 1:2:3, and 1:1:2 at water-cement ratios ranging from 0.4 to 0.6. The compressive strength of 150mm concrete cubes cured for 28 days ranged from 18.97 to 34.98 N/mm2 across the different aggregate sources and mix designs. Statistical models were developed relating the compressive strength to the water-
IRJET- CharactCharacteristic Study on Behaviour of Integral Crystalline Water...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the use of integral crystalline waterproofing concrete where cement is partially replaced with fly ash, GGBS, silica fume, or rice husk ash along with the addition of a crystalline waterproofing agent. Compressive strength tests were performed on concrete cubes at 7, 14, and 28 days that used each replacement material at different percentages along with 2% crystalline waterproofing agent. The results showed that concrete with 10% fly ash replacement and 2% crystalline waterproofing agent had the lowest 28-day compressive strength, while concrete with 20% GGBS replacement and 2% crystalline waterproofing agent had the highest 28-day compressive strength. In conclusion, the addition of crystalline
A Study and Analysis on Durability and Mechanical Properties of High Strengt...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the durability and mechanical properties of high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete. The study aims to develop M60 grade concrete and determine effective proportions of silica fume and fly ash replacements. Specimens were tested for compressive strength at various ages, split tensile strength and flexural strength at 28 days. Durability tests like rapid chloride permeability and water absorption were also conducted on specimens with different silica fume and fly ash replacements to cement. The study found that partial replacements of cement with silica fume and fly ash can improve the mechanical and durability properties of high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete.
A Feasibility Study on Mechanical Properties of Concrete with Graphene OxideIRJET Journal
This study investigated using graphene oxide (GO) to improve the mechanical properties of concrete. GO was added at concentrations of 1% and 2% by weight of cement to concrete mixes. Specimens of both concrete cubes and cylinders were cast and tested after 28, 56, and 90 days of curing. The concrete containing GO showed improved compressive and split tensile strengths compared to normal concrete without GO. The study demonstrated the feasibility of using GO to enhance the mechanical properties of concrete.
IRJET-Study on Strength and Durability Aspects of Geopolymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the strength and durability properties of geopolymer concrete using fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as binders to replace cement. Various mix designs were tested with different ratios of fly ash to GGBS. The compressive strength and split tensile strength of the geopolymer concrete cubes increased with an increasing percentage of GGBS in the mix. The highest compressive strength of 66MPa was observed for a mix with a 60% fly ash and 40% GGBS ratio. Additionally, sorptivity tests found that geopolymer concrete has lower water absorption than traditional concrete, indicating better durability. The study demonstrates that geopolymer concrete
IRJET- Behaviour of RC Slabs with Recycled Aggregates Subjected to Static and...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the use of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste in concrete as a replacement for natural aggregates. Recycled aggregates are produced by collecting waste concrete, crushing it, sieving it, and washing it.
2) Previous studies have found that concrete made with recycled aggregates as a partial or full replacement of natural coarse aggregates can achieve comparable compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths as normal concrete. However, further research is still needed to determine the impact on concrete durability.
3) The current study aims to produce recycled aggregates from construction waste on campus and use them in proportions of 0%, 30%, 60%, and 100% as a replacement for natural coarse aggregates in concrete mixes. The
A Brief Study on the Strength Properties of Concrete Modified with Silica Fum...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the strength properties of concrete modified with silica fume aggregates and iron oxide nanoparticles. Various concrete mixes were prepared by replacing coarse aggregates with silica fume aggregates and partially replacing cement with silica fume, slag, and fly ash along with additions of 0-2% iron oxide nanoparticles. The concrete was tested at 28 days for compressive strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, and Mode-II fracture behavior. The results showed that the mix with 11% cement replaced with pozzolans and 1.5% iron oxide nanoparticles exhibited the best performance with 46% higher compressive strength and 33% higher flexural strength compared to normal concrete. The study demonstrated that the use
An Experimental Study on Sintered Fly Ash Aggregate Concrete Modified With Na...IRJET Journal
This document describes an experimental study on concrete made with 100% replacement of natural aggregates with sintered fly ash aggregates. Various mixes were tested with partial replacement of cement (11%) with silica fume, slag, and fly ash, along with additions of nano aluminum oxide (Al2O3) at 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% of the replaced cement. Specimens were cast and tested for properties such as compressive strength and mode-II fracture behavior. The aim was to develop a more sustainable concrete by utilizing industrial waste materials and improving mechanical properties with nano additions.
Compressive Strength of Concrete made from Natural Fine Aggregate Sources in ...Oyeniyi Samuel
This document presents the results of a study investigating the compressive strength of concrete made from five different sources of natural fine aggregate in Minna, Nigeria. Tests were conducted on the aggregates to determine properties like specific gravity, bulk density, moisture content, and sieve analysis. Concrete mixes were designed using aggregate-cement ratios of 1:2:4, 1:2:3, and 1:1:2 at water-cement ratios ranging from 0.4 to 0.6. The compressive strength of 150mm concrete cubes cured for 28 days ranged from 18.97 to 34.98 N/mm2 across the different aggregate sources and mix designs. Statistical models were developed relating the compressive strength to the water-
IRJET- CharactCharacteristic Study on Behaviour of Integral Crystalline Water...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the use of integral crystalline waterproofing concrete where cement is partially replaced with fly ash, GGBS, silica fume, or rice husk ash along with the addition of a crystalline waterproofing agent. Compressive strength tests were performed on concrete cubes at 7, 14, and 28 days that used each replacement material at different percentages along with 2% crystalline waterproofing agent. The results showed that concrete with 10% fly ash replacement and 2% crystalline waterproofing agent had the lowest 28-day compressive strength, while concrete with 20% GGBS replacement and 2% crystalline waterproofing agent had the highest 28-day compressive strength. In conclusion, the addition of crystalline
A Study and Analysis on Durability and Mechanical Properties of High Strengt...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the durability and mechanical properties of high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete. The study aims to develop M60 grade concrete and determine effective proportions of silica fume and fly ash replacements. Specimens were tested for compressive strength at various ages, split tensile strength and flexural strength at 28 days. Durability tests like rapid chloride permeability and water absorption were also conducted on specimens with different silica fume and fly ash replacements to cement. The study found that partial replacements of cement with silica fume and fly ash can improve the mechanical and durability properties of high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete.
A Feasibility Study on Mechanical Properties of Concrete with Graphene OxideIRJET Journal
This study investigated using graphene oxide (GO) to improve the mechanical properties of concrete. GO was added at concentrations of 1% and 2% by weight of cement to concrete mixes. Specimens of both concrete cubes and cylinders were cast and tested after 28, 56, and 90 days of curing. The concrete containing GO showed improved compressive and split tensile strengths compared to normal concrete without GO. The study demonstrated the feasibility of using GO to enhance the mechanical properties of concrete.
IRJET-Study on Strength and Durability Aspects of Geopolymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the strength and durability properties of geopolymer concrete using fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as binders to replace cement. Various mix designs were tested with different ratios of fly ash to GGBS. The compressive strength and split tensile strength of the geopolymer concrete cubes increased with an increasing percentage of GGBS in the mix. The highest compressive strength of 66MPa was observed for a mix with a 60% fly ash and 40% GGBS ratio. Additionally, sorptivity tests found that geopolymer concrete has lower water absorption than traditional concrete, indicating better durability. The study demonstrates that geopolymer concrete
EFFECT OF NANO-SILICA ON CONCRETE CONTAINING METAKAOLINIAEME Publication
In this paper the results of an experimental investigation on the use of Metakaolin (MK) and Nano-Silica (NS) on various properties of concrete are presented. Metakaolin and Nano-Silica are used as partial replacement of cement for the preparation of concrete. In the present investigation initially cement is partially replaced by Metakaolin 5% and 10% by weight. Further investigation is carried out by combined replacement of Metakaolin at 5% and 10% with Nano-Silica at 1%, 2% and 3% by weight of cement. For structural applications the various properties, such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and flexural strength of M25 grade concrete containing MK and NS are evaluated and the results are compared with the controlled concrete. Based on the test results, it can be observed that concrete prepared with a combination of 5% MK and 2% NS indicated increased strength compared to the controlled concrete.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Strength Characteristics of Glass Fibre Reinforc...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally analyzed the strength characteristics of glass fiber reinforced concrete columns cured in both salt water and potable water environments. Two 600mm long concrete columns with 10% metakaolin replacement and GFRP reinforcement were cast, with one column cured in salt water and the other in potable water. Non-destructive testing methods like rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests were used to evaluate compressive strength over 7, 14, 28, 56, and 90 day curing periods. Results found the salt water cured column reached 58MPa compressive strength at 90 days, similar to the potable water cured column. Both achieved excellent concrete quality after curing.
An Experimental Study on Strength of Masonry Blocks and Bricks Produced using...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally tested masonry blocks and bricks produced using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and red mud as partial replacements for traditional materials. Blocks with 20% GGBS and 20% red mud replacements showed lower compressive strength than conventional blocks, making them unsuitable for load-bearing walls but possible for partitions. Bricks with 40% red mud and 5% GGBS (mix A4) achieved the highest compressive strength at 4.405 MPa, allowing them to be used in load-bearing walls. The results indicate that wastes like GGBS and red mud can be utilized in masonry units while maintaining adequate strength properties.
IRJET-Experimental Investigation on Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete ...IRJET Journal
The document experimentally investigates the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams containing copper slag, fly ash, and steel fibers. Ten concrete mixtures were designed with varying percentages of copper slag up to 40% as a partial replacement for sand. Fly ash replaced 40% of the cement. Steel fibers were added to some mixtures at 1% by volume. The mixtures were tested for compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural behavior after curing periods. Test results showed that mixtures with by-products had higher strength properties than conventional concrete, with the mixture containing 40% fly ash, 40% copper slag, and 1% steel fibers performing the best. Using industrial by-products in this way can improve concrete properties while reducing environmental impacts
IRJET- Experimental Study on Split Tensile Strength of Nano Silica ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document reports on an experimental study that investigated the effect of nano silica on the split tensile strength of concrete. Concrete samples were produced by replacing 0-3% of cement with nano silica. Testing found that split tensile strength increased up to 3% nano silica replacement, with the highest strength achieved with 3% replacement. Workability also increased up to 2.5% replacement before decreasing. The study concluded that nano silica improves split tensile strength by altering the microstructure of concrete and that maximum strength is achieved with 3% cement replacement by nano silica.
The document presents research on the effect of adding silica fume on the strength properties of concrete with partially recycled coarse aggregate. Tests were conducted on M20 and M25 grade concrete with 25% and 50% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled aggregate. Silica fume was added at levels of 5%, 8%, and 12% as a replacement of cement by weight. Compressive strength, split tensile strength, and modulus of rupture were tested at various curing periods. The results showed that compressive strength and split tensile strength initially increased with up to 8% silica fume then decreased with more silica fume. Concrete with 25% recycled aggregate and 8% silica fume achieved the highest strengths
This document is a seminar report on graphene oxide reinforced portland cement submitted by Aniket Subhash Pateriya in partial fulfillment of a bachelor's degree. It summarizes the preparation of graphene oxide using a modified Hummers method and its characterization. Test results showed that the addition of 0.05% graphene oxide by weight increased the compressive strength of cement composites by 15-33% and flexural strength by 41-59% due to reduced porosity and increased hydration. Scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption tests confirmed the densified microstructure and increased surface area of graphene oxide reinforced cement.
Behavior of Pervious Concrete by Gradation MethodIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the behavior of pervious concrete made using different gradations of aggregates. Pervious concrete mixes were designed using aggregates of sizes AB, BC, and CA in ratios determined by Routhfourth's gradation method. The compressive strength and permeability of cubes made from each mix were tested after 7 and 28 days of curing. Results showed that mixes with smaller aggregate sizes had higher compressive strength, while mixes with larger aggregates had higher permeability. The BC mix was found to have the best balance of compressive strength and permeability. In conclusion, aggregate size significantly impacts the strength and permeability of pervious concrete.
IRJET - Experimental Studies on Behaviour of Geopolymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document summarizes an experimental study on the behavior of geopolymer concrete. Fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) were used to fully replace Ordinary Portland cement in producing geopolymer concrete mixtures. Testing showed that geopolymer concrete made from fly ash and GGBS had higher compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths compared to OPC concrete. Using a superplasticizer further increased the strengths. The study concluded that geopolymer concrete is a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to OPC concrete that merits use in construction.
IRJET - Study on High Strength Concrete by using Replacement of Metakaolin an...IRJET Journal
This study investigates the use of metakaolin and copper slag as replacements for cement and fine aggregate respectively in concrete to improve strength and durability. Various literature studies showed that replacing cement with 7.5-15% metakaolin and replacing fine aggregate with 25-50% copper slag increased compressive strength by up to 40% compared to conventional concrete. The objectives of this study are to determine the optimal percentages of metakaolin and copper slag replacements. Concrete mixes with 0-12.5% metakaolin and 0-50% copper slag will be tested to evaluate compressive strength, split tensile strength and workability. The results will provide information on utilizing industrial byproducts in concrete production to enhance sustainability.
Flexural Behaviour of Steel Fibre Reinforced Geopolymer Concreteijtsrd
Concrete is the most used construction material from ancient days. It was expected that the production of cement would be increased from about from 1.5 billion tons in 1995 to 2.2 billion tons in 2020. But 2018 china using 2.37 billion tons individually. India is the second largest producer of cement in the world. Cement industry is expected to reach 550 – 600 million tons per annum at 2025. The cement production contributes nearly 8 of worlds global warming due to emission of greenhouse gases, such as CO2, to the atmosphere. Hence, it is essential to find a substitute material for cement. The technology geopolymer concrete found as alternative for this problem. In this present research, cement is replaced with Fly Ash and GGBS in different percentages with steel fibers. The studies show that the load carrying capacity of most of the gpc mix was in the most cases more than that of conventional ordinary Portland cement concrete mix. The fresh and hardened properties of geopolymer concrete were found with and without steel fiber. The mechanical characteristics of all the examined mixes are to be enhanced by the GGBS content, in both plain and steel fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete. A comparative analysis has been carried out for normal conventional concrete to that of the steel fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete under ambient curing in relation to compressive, split tensile, flexural strengths. As the fibre content generally increases compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths are proportionally increased. G. Jegatheeswaran | K. Soundhirarajan "Flexural Behaviour of Steel Fibre Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30583.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/30583/flexural-behaviour-of-steel-fibre-reinforced-geopolymer-concrete/g-jegatheeswaran
Influence of RGO and Fly-Ash on Cement Composite at Elevated TemperaturesIRJET Journal
The document discusses a study on the influence of adding reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and fly ash to ordinary Portland cement concrete composites. Samples were made with 0.02%, 0.04%, and 0.06% RGO and 20% fly ash by weight. Testing found that RGO and fly ash can increase compressive and tensile strength by filling pores, and help maintain properties at elevated temperatures up to 600°C. Overall, RGO and fly ash showed potential as promising fillers for ordinary Portland cement.
Experimental Study on Low Cost Fiber Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on low-cost fiber reinforced concrete using polypropylene fibers and recycled aggregates. Concrete mixtures were prepared with natural aggregates and with 5% and 10% replacements of natural aggregates with recycled aggregates from demolished buildings. Polypropylene fibers of 6mm length were added at 0%, 0.1%, and 0.15% by weight of cement. Compressive and split tensile strengths were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days. Results showed that concrete with 0.15% fiber addition and 5% recycled aggregates achieved compressive strengths up to 30.3 MPa and split tensile strengths up to 4.3 MPa at 28 days, meeting the target strength of M20
Experimental and Analytical Investigation on Strength Properties of Concrete ...HARISH B A
The experiment work carried out by micro silica as a supplementary material for cement and evaluate
cement for M20 grade of concrete. We are adding 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of cement in concrete. The
material chosen for structural up gradation should not pollute the environment. They should be accessible to the
ordinary people and low monetary cost. Coconut fibre is abundant, versatile, renewable, cheap and more resistant
thermal conductivity. Coconut fibres have the highest toughness amongst natural fibre. They have potential to be used
as reinforcement in low cost concrete structures, especially in tropical earth quake region. The aim of investigation is
study the possibilities to use coconut fibre in addition to other constituents of concrete and strength properties. The
influence of 1%, 2% and 3% fibre content by mass of cement and aspect ratio 125, fibre cut length 2.80cm is
investigated. To evaluate the effect of coconut fibres improving the properties of concrete.At 1% addition of coconut
fibre, 5% silica fume with water cement ratio 0.53. compressive strength test and split tensile strength gives best result
in concrete.
Experimental Investigation on Copper Slag as Fine Aggregate Replacement and G...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation that evaluated the use of industrial byproducts like copper slag, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and red mud as partial replacements for cement and fine aggregate in concrete. Six different mixes were prepared: a control mix (Mix N) and mixes replacing fine aggregate with copper slag (Mix A), replacing cement with GGBS and red mud (Mixes B-E), and adding different fiber types to Mixes B-E. The materials, mix designs, casting and curing of test specimens are described. The results showed variations in the compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths of the mixes at 7 and 28 days.
The Coupled Effect of Nano Silica and Superplasticizer on Concrete Fresh and ...IJMER
This document summarizes a study on the effects of nano silica and superplasticizer on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete. 20 concrete mixtures were prepared with varying amounts of nano silica (0-3%) and superplasticizer (0-0.88%). Test results showed that compressive strength was highest around the superplasticizer saturation point of 0.66% for all mixtures. Regression models were developed to correlate the test variables with compressive strength and slump. Based on the models, the most desirable mixture was found to contain 3% nano silica and 0.73% superplasticizer, achieving a 135% increase in compressive strength over the control mixture.
A Laboratory Study on Soil Reinforced with Fly Ash Columns with and without E...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of a laboratory study on stabilizing black cotton soil (BC), an expansive soil, using fly ash columns with and without encasement in non-woven geotextile. Preliminary and CBR tests were conducted on 8 different BC soil sample configurations: 1) untreated BC soil, 2) BC soil with fly ash columns, 3) BC soil with fly ash columns and lime, and 4) BC soil with fly ash columns, lime and geotextile encasement. The CBR tests showed that load bearing capacity increased the most in soaked conditions when lime and geotextile were added due to reduced pore pressure and increased drainage. The best combination for strength and workability
IRJET- Influence on Compressive Stregnth of Concrete on Addition of Micro Alu...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on the influence of micro alumina particles on the compressive strength of concrete. Concrete cubes were made with various percentages of micro alumina particles replacing cement by weight. Testing found that cubes with 4% micro alumina had 13% higher 7-day compressive strength, while cubes with 12% had 22.79% higher 28-day compressive strength compared to controlled specimens. The study aims to determine the optimal percentage of micro alumina particles for improving compressive strength of concrete.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of Nano Silica ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document presents an experimental study on the compressive strength of nano silica concrete. Concrete cubes were made by replacing 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3% of cement with nano silica. Testing found that compressive strength increased with higher nano silica content up to 3%, with the highest strength achieved with 3% replacement. Replacement of 3% of cement with nano silica resulted in compressive strengths of 19.43MPa, 25.54MPa and 30.65MPa at 7, 14, and 28 days of curing respectively. The study concluded that nano silica improves the compressive strength of concrete in a replacement level-dependent manner
Effect on Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement by Colloidal Nano Alumina...IJCMESJOURNAL
Nanotechnology is a optimistic field in terms of environmental improvements including energy savings and reduced reliability on non-renewable resources, as well as reduced waste, toxicity and carbon emissions. Alumina component reacts with calcium hydroxide produced from the hydration of calcium silicates. The rate of the pozzolanic reaction is proportional to the amount of surface area available for reaction. Therefore, it is possible to add nano- Alumina of a high purity and a high Blaine fineness value in order to improve the characteristics of cement mortars The Aim of this project is to devlope the nano concrete and to study the effects of nano alumina on the properties of concrete. In this investigation the cement is replaced by 10% Fly-ash and Alumina nanoparticles of different proportion i.e 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% & 3% in M40 grade of concrete. It is observed that workability decreased with replacement of cement. The compressive strength of nano concrete casted by partially replacement of 10% fly ash & 2% & 2.5% colloidal nano alumina , increased over conventional concrete about 18.03%, 14.28% for 3 days and 12.7%, 11.27% for 7 days and 4.17% , 2.07% for 28 days. The Split Tensile strength of this concrete increases with 5.73% and 9.16% respectively over conventional concrete for the replacement 1.5% and 2%. Flexural strength of this concrete increases with 13.05% and 26.65% over conventional concrete for the replacement 2% and 2.5%.
Study on Mechanical Properties of Light Transmitting ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the mechanical properties of light transmitting concrete. Light transmitting concrete is produced by embedding plastic optical fibers in concrete mixtures. The researchers prepared light transmitting concrete blocks of size 200x100x100 mm containing 2% and 4% plastic optical fibers by volume. Different fiber configurations were tested to determine the optimum fiber arrangement. The compressive strength of the blocks was tested at 7, 14, and 28 days and compared to normal concrete blocks. The 4% fiber mixture with a water-cement ratio of 0.5 showed the highest compressive strength. Prisms of size 50x10x10 cm containing mesh, fibers or both were also tested to study flexural strength and crack patterns at 7 and 28 days
EFFECT OF NANO-SILICA ON CONCRETE CONTAINING METAKAOLINIAEME Publication
In this paper the results of an experimental investigation on the use of Metakaolin (MK) and Nano-Silica (NS) on various properties of concrete are presented. Metakaolin and Nano-Silica are used as partial replacement of cement for the preparation of concrete. In the present investigation initially cement is partially replaced by Metakaolin 5% and 10% by weight. Further investigation is carried out by combined replacement of Metakaolin at 5% and 10% with Nano-Silica at 1%, 2% and 3% by weight of cement. For structural applications the various properties, such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and flexural strength of M25 grade concrete containing MK and NS are evaluated and the results are compared with the controlled concrete. Based on the test results, it can be observed that concrete prepared with a combination of 5% MK and 2% NS indicated increased strength compared to the controlled concrete.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Strength Characteristics of Glass Fibre Reinforc...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally analyzed the strength characteristics of glass fiber reinforced concrete columns cured in both salt water and potable water environments. Two 600mm long concrete columns with 10% metakaolin replacement and GFRP reinforcement were cast, with one column cured in salt water and the other in potable water. Non-destructive testing methods like rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests were used to evaluate compressive strength over 7, 14, 28, 56, and 90 day curing periods. Results found the salt water cured column reached 58MPa compressive strength at 90 days, similar to the potable water cured column. Both achieved excellent concrete quality after curing.
An Experimental Study on Strength of Masonry Blocks and Bricks Produced using...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally tested masonry blocks and bricks produced using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and red mud as partial replacements for traditional materials. Blocks with 20% GGBS and 20% red mud replacements showed lower compressive strength than conventional blocks, making them unsuitable for load-bearing walls but possible for partitions. Bricks with 40% red mud and 5% GGBS (mix A4) achieved the highest compressive strength at 4.405 MPa, allowing them to be used in load-bearing walls. The results indicate that wastes like GGBS and red mud can be utilized in masonry units while maintaining adequate strength properties.
IRJET-Experimental Investigation on Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete ...IRJET Journal
The document experimentally investigates the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams containing copper slag, fly ash, and steel fibers. Ten concrete mixtures were designed with varying percentages of copper slag up to 40% as a partial replacement for sand. Fly ash replaced 40% of the cement. Steel fibers were added to some mixtures at 1% by volume. The mixtures were tested for compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural behavior after curing periods. Test results showed that mixtures with by-products had higher strength properties than conventional concrete, with the mixture containing 40% fly ash, 40% copper slag, and 1% steel fibers performing the best. Using industrial by-products in this way can improve concrete properties while reducing environmental impacts
IRJET- Experimental Study on Split Tensile Strength of Nano Silica ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document reports on an experimental study that investigated the effect of nano silica on the split tensile strength of concrete. Concrete samples were produced by replacing 0-3% of cement with nano silica. Testing found that split tensile strength increased up to 3% nano silica replacement, with the highest strength achieved with 3% replacement. Workability also increased up to 2.5% replacement before decreasing. The study concluded that nano silica improves split tensile strength by altering the microstructure of concrete and that maximum strength is achieved with 3% cement replacement by nano silica.
The document presents research on the effect of adding silica fume on the strength properties of concrete with partially recycled coarse aggregate. Tests were conducted on M20 and M25 grade concrete with 25% and 50% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled aggregate. Silica fume was added at levels of 5%, 8%, and 12% as a replacement of cement by weight. Compressive strength, split tensile strength, and modulus of rupture were tested at various curing periods. The results showed that compressive strength and split tensile strength initially increased with up to 8% silica fume then decreased with more silica fume. Concrete with 25% recycled aggregate and 8% silica fume achieved the highest strengths
This document is a seminar report on graphene oxide reinforced portland cement submitted by Aniket Subhash Pateriya in partial fulfillment of a bachelor's degree. It summarizes the preparation of graphene oxide using a modified Hummers method and its characterization. Test results showed that the addition of 0.05% graphene oxide by weight increased the compressive strength of cement composites by 15-33% and flexural strength by 41-59% due to reduced porosity and increased hydration. Scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption tests confirmed the densified microstructure and increased surface area of graphene oxide reinforced cement.
Behavior of Pervious Concrete by Gradation MethodIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the behavior of pervious concrete made using different gradations of aggregates. Pervious concrete mixes were designed using aggregates of sizes AB, BC, and CA in ratios determined by Routhfourth's gradation method. The compressive strength and permeability of cubes made from each mix were tested after 7 and 28 days of curing. Results showed that mixes with smaller aggregate sizes had higher compressive strength, while mixes with larger aggregates had higher permeability. The BC mix was found to have the best balance of compressive strength and permeability. In conclusion, aggregate size significantly impacts the strength and permeability of pervious concrete.
IRJET - Experimental Studies on Behaviour of Geopolymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document summarizes an experimental study on the behavior of geopolymer concrete. Fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) were used to fully replace Ordinary Portland cement in producing geopolymer concrete mixtures. Testing showed that geopolymer concrete made from fly ash and GGBS had higher compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths compared to OPC concrete. Using a superplasticizer further increased the strengths. The study concluded that geopolymer concrete is a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to OPC concrete that merits use in construction.
IRJET - Study on High Strength Concrete by using Replacement of Metakaolin an...IRJET Journal
This study investigates the use of metakaolin and copper slag as replacements for cement and fine aggregate respectively in concrete to improve strength and durability. Various literature studies showed that replacing cement with 7.5-15% metakaolin and replacing fine aggregate with 25-50% copper slag increased compressive strength by up to 40% compared to conventional concrete. The objectives of this study are to determine the optimal percentages of metakaolin and copper slag replacements. Concrete mixes with 0-12.5% metakaolin and 0-50% copper slag will be tested to evaluate compressive strength, split tensile strength and workability. The results will provide information on utilizing industrial byproducts in concrete production to enhance sustainability.
Flexural Behaviour of Steel Fibre Reinforced Geopolymer Concreteijtsrd
Concrete is the most used construction material from ancient days. It was expected that the production of cement would be increased from about from 1.5 billion tons in 1995 to 2.2 billion tons in 2020. But 2018 china using 2.37 billion tons individually. India is the second largest producer of cement in the world. Cement industry is expected to reach 550 – 600 million tons per annum at 2025. The cement production contributes nearly 8 of worlds global warming due to emission of greenhouse gases, such as CO2, to the atmosphere. Hence, it is essential to find a substitute material for cement. The technology geopolymer concrete found as alternative for this problem. In this present research, cement is replaced with Fly Ash and GGBS in different percentages with steel fibers. The studies show that the load carrying capacity of most of the gpc mix was in the most cases more than that of conventional ordinary Portland cement concrete mix. The fresh and hardened properties of geopolymer concrete were found with and without steel fiber. The mechanical characteristics of all the examined mixes are to be enhanced by the GGBS content, in both plain and steel fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete. A comparative analysis has been carried out for normal conventional concrete to that of the steel fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete under ambient curing in relation to compressive, split tensile, flexural strengths. As the fibre content generally increases compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths are proportionally increased. G. Jegatheeswaran | K. Soundhirarajan "Flexural Behaviour of Steel Fibre Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30583.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/30583/flexural-behaviour-of-steel-fibre-reinforced-geopolymer-concrete/g-jegatheeswaran
Influence of RGO and Fly-Ash on Cement Composite at Elevated TemperaturesIRJET Journal
The document discusses a study on the influence of adding reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and fly ash to ordinary Portland cement concrete composites. Samples were made with 0.02%, 0.04%, and 0.06% RGO and 20% fly ash by weight. Testing found that RGO and fly ash can increase compressive and tensile strength by filling pores, and help maintain properties at elevated temperatures up to 600°C. Overall, RGO and fly ash showed potential as promising fillers for ordinary Portland cement.
Experimental Study on Low Cost Fiber Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on low-cost fiber reinforced concrete using polypropylene fibers and recycled aggregates. Concrete mixtures were prepared with natural aggregates and with 5% and 10% replacements of natural aggregates with recycled aggregates from demolished buildings. Polypropylene fibers of 6mm length were added at 0%, 0.1%, and 0.15% by weight of cement. Compressive and split tensile strengths were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days. Results showed that concrete with 0.15% fiber addition and 5% recycled aggregates achieved compressive strengths up to 30.3 MPa and split tensile strengths up to 4.3 MPa at 28 days, meeting the target strength of M20
Experimental and Analytical Investigation on Strength Properties of Concrete ...HARISH B A
The experiment work carried out by micro silica as a supplementary material for cement and evaluate
cement for M20 grade of concrete. We are adding 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of cement in concrete. The
material chosen for structural up gradation should not pollute the environment. They should be accessible to the
ordinary people and low monetary cost. Coconut fibre is abundant, versatile, renewable, cheap and more resistant
thermal conductivity. Coconut fibres have the highest toughness amongst natural fibre. They have potential to be used
as reinforcement in low cost concrete structures, especially in tropical earth quake region. The aim of investigation is
study the possibilities to use coconut fibre in addition to other constituents of concrete and strength properties. The
influence of 1%, 2% and 3% fibre content by mass of cement and aspect ratio 125, fibre cut length 2.80cm is
investigated. To evaluate the effect of coconut fibres improving the properties of concrete.At 1% addition of coconut
fibre, 5% silica fume with water cement ratio 0.53. compressive strength test and split tensile strength gives best result
in concrete.
Experimental Investigation on Copper Slag as Fine Aggregate Replacement and G...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation that evaluated the use of industrial byproducts like copper slag, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and red mud as partial replacements for cement and fine aggregate in concrete. Six different mixes were prepared: a control mix (Mix N) and mixes replacing fine aggregate with copper slag (Mix A), replacing cement with GGBS and red mud (Mixes B-E), and adding different fiber types to Mixes B-E. The materials, mix designs, casting and curing of test specimens are described. The results showed variations in the compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths of the mixes at 7 and 28 days.
The Coupled Effect of Nano Silica and Superplasticizer on Concrete Fresh and ...IJMER
This document summarizes a study on the effects of nano silica and superplasticizer on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete. 20 concrete mixtures were prepared with varying amounts of nano silica (0-3%) and superplasticizer (0-0.88%). Test results showed that compressive strength was highest around the superplasticizer saturation point of 0.66% for all mixtures. Regression models were developed to correlate the test variables with compressive strength and slump. Based on the models, the most desirable mixture was found to contain 3% nano silica and 0.73% superplasticizer, achieving a 135% increase in compressive strength over the control mixture.
A Laboratory Study on Soil Reinforced with Fly Ash Columns with and without E...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of a laboratory study on stabilizing black cotton soil (BC), an expansive soil, using fly ash columns with and without encasement in non-woven geotextile. Preliminary and CBR tests were conducted on 8 different BC soil sample configurations: 1) untreated BC soil, 2) BC soil with fly ash columns, 3) BC soil with fly ash columns and lime, and 4) BC soil with fly ash columns, lime and geotextile encasement. The CBR tests showed that load bearing capacity increased the most in soaked conditions when lime and geotextile were added due to reduced pore pressure and increased drainage. The best combination for strength and workability
IRJET- Influence on Compressive Stregnth of Concrete on Addition of Micro Alu...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on the influence of micro alumina particles on the compressive strength of concrete. Concrete cubes were made with various percentages of micro alumina particles replacing cement by weight. Testing found that cubes with 4% micro alumina had 13% higher 7-day compressive strength, while cubes with 12% had 22.79% higher 28-day compressive strength compared to controlled specimens. The study aims to determine the optimal percentage of micro alumina particles for improving compressive strength of concrete.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of Nano Silica ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document presents an experimental study on the compressive strength of nano silica concrete. Concrete cubes were made by replacing 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3% of cement with nano silica. Testing found that compressive strength increased with higher nano silica content up to 3%, with the highest strength achieved with 3% replacement. Replacement of 3% of cement with nano silica resulted in compressive strengths of 19.43MPa, 25.54MPa and 30.65MPa at 7, 14, and 28 days of curing respectively. The study concluded that nano silica improves the compressive strength of concrete in a replacement level-dependent manner
Effect on Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement by Colloidal Nano Alumina...IJCMESJOURNAL
Nanotechnology is a optimistic field in terms of environmental improvements including energy savings and reduced reliability on non-renewable resources, as well as reduced waste, toxicity and carbon emissions. Alumina component reacts with calcium hydroxide produced from the hydration of calcium silicates. The rate of the pozzolanic reaction is proportional to the amount of surface area available for reaction. Therefore, it is possible to add nano- Alumina of a high purity and a high Blaine fineness value in order to improve the characteristics of cement mortars The Aim of this project is to devlope the nano concrete and to study the effects of nano alumina on the properties of concrete. In this investigation the cement is replaced by 10% Fly-ash and Alumina nanoparticles of different proportion i.e 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% & 3% in M40 grade of concrete. It is observed that workability decreased with replacement of cement. The compressive strength of nano concrete casted by partially replacement of 10% fly ash & 2% & 2.5% colloidal nano alumina , increased over conventional concrete about 18.03%, 14.28% for 3 days and 12.7%, 11.27% for 7 days and 4.17% , 2.07% for 28 days. The Split Tensile strength of this concrete increases with 5.73% and 9.16% respectively over conventional concrete for the replacement 1.5% and 2%. Flexural strength of this concrete increases with 13.05% and 26.65% over conventional concrete for the replacement 2% and 2.5%.
Study on Mechanical Properties of Light Transmitting ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the mechanical properties of light transmitting concrete. Light transmitting concrete is produced by embedding plastic optical fibers in concrete mixtures. The researchers prepared light transmitting concrete blocks of size 200x100x100 mm containing 2% and 4% plastic optical fibers by volume. Different fiber configurations were tested to determine the optimum fiber arrangement. The compressive strength of the blocks was tested at 7, 14, and 28 days and compared to normal concrete blocks. The 4% fiber mixture with a water-cement ratio of 0.5 showed the highest compressive strength. Prisms of size 50x10x10 cm containing mesh, fibers or both were also tested to study flexural strength and crack patterns at 7 and 28 days
Experimental Study of Mechanical Properties of Concrete using Recycled Aggre...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally analyzed the mechanical properties of concrete with recycled aggregates and nano silica. Natural coarse aggregates were replaced with recycled aggregates at levels from 0-50% and cement was replaced with nano silica at levels from 0-4%. Tests found that compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths generally decreased as recycled aggregate and nano silica levels increased. The optimum mix was 40% recycled aggregates with 3% nano silica, achieving strengths close to the control mix but with reduced natural resource usage. In conclusion, recycled aggregates and nano silica can be used to improve the sustainability of concrete, though strengths are slightly reduced.
An Experimental Investigation on Self Compacting Concrete with Artificial Fin...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation on the properties of self-compacting concrete that uses artificial fine aggregate as a replacement for natural fine aggregate. The study tested different mixtures with cement replaced by fly ash, silica fume, and metakaolin. The concrete mixtures were tested for workability, mechanical properties like compressive strength, and durability properties like water absorption and acid resistance. The results showed that the artificial fine aggregate concrete mixtures met workability standards and had improved strength and durability compared to natural aggregate concrete.
This document discusses a study on the use of sawdust as a partial replacement for sand in concrete. Sawdust was used to replace 10%, 20%, and 30% of the sand by weight in M20 grade concrete mixes. Concrete cubes were cast and tested for compressive strength at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that concrete with a 30% replacement of sand with sawdust achieved compressive strengths of 12.6 MPa at 7 days and 18.7 MPa at 28 days, meeting the target strength for M20 concrete. Using sawdust as a partial replacement for sand up to 30% was found to be feasible for concrete production while providing an economical and environmentally friendly use of sawdust
Study of Self Compacting Concrete by using Marginal Materials-Partial Replace...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study on the use of marginal materials like rice husk ash and demolished waste to partially replace cement and coarse aggregate in self-compacting concrete. Rice husk ash is a pozzolanic material that can be used to replace cement up to around 10-40% without compromising concrete strength. Using rice husk ash and demolished waste can help reduce the environmental impact of construction waste while producing more sustainable and cost-effective concrete. The study involves testing different mix designs with varying replacement levels of cement with rice husk ash and coarse aggregate with demolished waste to evaluate the compressive strength and other properties of the resulting self-compacting concrete.
Study of Self Compacting Concrete by using Marginal Materials-Partial Replace...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study on the use of marginal materials like rice husk ash and demolished waste to partially replace cement and coarse aggregate in self-compacting concrete. The study aims to evaluate the strength and properties of such concrete. It first provides background on self-compacting concrete and discusses literature on using rice husk ash in concrete. It then describes the materials used in the study including cement, fine and coarse aggregates, water, fly ash, and admixtures. Details are given on the mix design and the various tests conducted including slump flow, L-box, and V-funnel tests to evaluate the properties of self-compacting concrete.
Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Cement with Nano Silica in ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document presents the results of an experimental study that investigated the effects of partially replacing cement with nano silica in concrete. Specifically:
- Concrete mixtures with 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3% nano silica replacement of cement by weight were tested.
- Compressive strength and split tensile strength were found to increase up to 2.5% nano silica replacement, with maximum strengths of 38.65 MPa and 4.35 MPa achieved at 28 days, respectively.
- Workability was also found to increase up to 2.5% replacement before decreasing, indicating an optimal dosage.
- The study concluded nano sil
Experimental Work on Carbon Fibre Reinforced Concrete Using Coconut Shell as ...IRJET Journal
1. The document presents the results of an experimental study investigating the compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete with partial replacement of coarse aggregate with coconut shell and addition of carbon fibers.
2. The study found that at 5% replacement of coarse aggregate with coconut shell, the compressive strength of concrete at 7 and 28 days was 39.08 and 55.68 MPa respectively.
3. The addition of 1.0% carbon fibers resulted in a compressive strength of 44.51 and 63.67 MPa at 7 and 28 days respectively.
4. The combination of 5% coconut shell and 1.0% carbon fibers achieved the highest compressive strength of 50.02 and 71
IRJET- Enhancing the Performance of Concrete by using Nano SilicaIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of adding nano silica to reinforced concrete beams. The researchers created concrete cubes and beams with different percentages of nano silica added (0-2.5%) and tested their compressive and flexural strengths. They found that cubes and beams with 1.5-2% nano silica exhibited the highest strengths. Specifically, cubes with 1.5% nano silica showed around 37.6 MPa compressive strength, 37% higher than plain concrete. Beams with 1.5% nano silica also demonstrated around 17.6 MPa flexural strength for beams with stirrups and 21.1 MPa for beams with rebar only in the tension zone,
Studies on quarry dust as partial replacement of fine aggregates in concreteIJLT EMAS
Natural sand is most commonly used fine aggregates
in the production of concrete possess the problem of acute
shortage in many areas. Quarry dust can be used as an economic
alternative to the natural sand. In this investigation an attempt is
made to utilize quarry dust as a partial substitute for natural
sand in producing concrete. Natural sand is replaced by Quarry
dust at an interval of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Mix
proportions for M20 concrete is prepared with reference to IS:
10262-2009 and IS: 456-2000 for the study of workability.
Compressive strength and Flexural strength test results are
compared with the conventional concrete. The strengths were
obtained at the ages of 3, 7 and 28 days. Compressive and
Flexural strength increased marginally from 5% to 15%
replacement. There is a slight decrease in the corresponding
compressive and flexural strength at 20% replacement. Good
correlation was observed between compressive strength and
flexural strength. It was observed that the addition of quarry
dust that would replace the fine material at particular
proportion has displayed an enhancing effect on properties of
concrete. This investigation proves that quarry dust can be used
as a partial substitute for natural sand in preparing concrete.
Effect of Nano Silica on the Compressive Strength of Concreteijtsrd
Concrete is one of the most important materials in the construction world. In the present scenario, due to the various industrialization, especially in the urban areas, the demand of construction work increases progressively. Due to which there is very high demand of concrete. So, it is very important to improve the durability and properties of concrete. For this there are various admixtures which are partially replaced with the cement like fly ash, slag, silica fumes, rice husk etc. However, in the present situation, Nano technology comes as a very faithful approach for improving the strength and durability of the concrete. In this project, M30 concrete is used and we use Nano silica of size 236nm as a partial replacement in concrete. Nano silica enters into the pores of the concrete and sets early due to which the permeability and strength of concrete are improved. An experimental analysis has been done by replacing the cement with Nano silica by increasing its percentage as 0.5 , 1 , 2 and 3 b.w.c. The results show that with increase in amount of Nano silica, the compressive strength increases up to 3 , however, if amount of Nano silica goes beyond 3 , the compressive strength of concrete starts decreasing. In these experimental tests, there are 10 cubes prepared with the sample and tested at 7 and 28 days. Bhupender | Sunil Kumar | Vikram "Effect of Nano Silica on the Compressive Strength of Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28090.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/28090/effect-of-nano-silica-on-the-compressive-strength-of-concrete/bhupender
“To study the properties of concrete by using polypropylene fibers and differ...IRJET Journal
The document discusses a study on using polypropylene fibers and different admixtures to improve the properties of concrete without coarse aggregates. Concrete blocks were made with 25%, 30%, and 35% fine aggregate replacement and tested after 7 and 28 days. Results showed compressive strength increased with the use of sodium silicate admixture. Blocks with 25% aggregate replacement performed better than those with 30% and 35% replacement. Initial setting time of concrete decreased with the use of aluminum sulfate admixture. Sodium hydroxide and sodium metasilicate admixtures reduced water demand and prevented segregation. Polypropylene fibers increased tensile strength and reduced weight. The study concluded these admixtures can improve properties and
“To study the properties of concrete by using polypropylene fibers and differ...IRJET Journal
The document discusses a study on using polypropylene fibers and different admixtures to improve the properties of concrete without coarse aggregates. Concrete blocks were made with 25%, 30%, and 35% fine aggregates replacing coarse aggregates, along with polypropylene fibers and admixtures including aluminum sulfate, sodium hydroxide, and sodium metasilicate. The compressive strength of the blocks was tested after 7 and 28 days and was found to increase with the addition of sodium silicate. Using 25% fine aggregate replacement resulted in higher compressive strength than 30% or 35% replacement. The admixtures were found to reduce water demand and setting time of concrete while increasing compressive strength.
IRJET- A Study on Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document studies the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete where Portland cement is fully replaced with fly ash and alkaline liquids. Different molarities of sodium hydroxide solution were used to prepare concrete mixes, which were then subjected to sunlight curing and tested after 7 and 28 days to determine their compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength. The results showed that the strengths increased with higher molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution and with increased curing time.
This study investigated utilizing e-waste materials as a partial replacement for sand in concrete. Four concrete mixes were tested with varying amounts of shredded acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic from e-waste replacing sand: 0.72%, 1.44%, 2.16%, and 2.88%. The compressive strength of each mix was tested at 3, 7, and 28 days. The 2.16% plastic mix achieved the highest compressive strength at 28 days. Utilizing e-waste materials in concrete provides environmental benefits by reducing landfill waste while requiring less natural resources. Further study is needed on other mechanical properties and durability.
AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION 0N FLOATING CONCRETE USING LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATESIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation on producing floating concrete using lightweight aggregates. Pumice stone and scoria powder were used to partially replace normal coarse and fine aggregates. Concrete mixtures with varying replacement percentages were tested. Results showed that replacing up to 20% of aggregates increased the compressive strength of the floating concrete. Using these lightweight aggregates produced concrete with lower density, reducing the self-weight of structures. The study concluded that floating concrete made in this way can help reduce environmental impacts in construction.
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Cement with Fly Ash Cenospheres in Cement C...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research into partially replacing cement with fly ash cenospheres in concrete. Experimental tests were conducted replacing cement at levels of 0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, and 20% by mass. Compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength tests were performed on samples cured for 7 and 28 days. The results showed that replacing 8% of cement with cenospheres improved compressive strength by 11.69%, split tensile strength by 26.2%, and flexural strength by 33.73% compared to normal concrete. Replacing more than 8% of cement reduced strengths below design limits. Thus, the optimum replacement of cement with cenospheres was determined to be 8%
IRJET- Effect of Variation of Nano-Silica on Compressive and Split Tensile St...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research into the effect of varying percentages of nano-silica on the compressive and split tensile strength of concrete. Concrete cubes and cylinders were cast with nano-silica replacing 0.3%, 0.6%, 1%, 2%, 2.5% and 3% of the cement by weight. Testing at 7 and 28 days found that compressive and split tensile strength increased with up to 2.5% nano-silica replacement, with the highest strengths achieved with 2.5% nano-silica. Replacement of cement with nano-silica also increased strength development from 7 to 28 days compared to conventional concrete. Therefore, partial replacement of cement with nano-silica can improve the
Similar to A Brief Study on the Strength Properties of Concrete Modified With Sintered Fly Ash Aggregates and Silicon Dioxide (Nano Material) (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.