In this paper the results of an experimental investigation on the use of Metakaolin (MK) and Nano-Silica (NS) on various properties of concrete are presented. Metakaolin and Nano-Silica are used as partial replacement of cement for the preparation of concrete. In the present investigation initially cement is partially replaced by Metakaolin 5% and 10% by weight. Further investigation is carried out by combined replacement of Metakaolin at 5% and 10% with Nano-Silica at 1%, 2% and 3% by weight of cement. For structural applications the various properties, such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and flexural strength of M25 grade concrete containing MK and NS are evaluated and the results are compared with the controlled concrete. Based on the test results, it can be observed that concrete prepared with a combination of 5% MK and 2% NS indicated increased strength compared to the controlled concrete.
STUDY AND PERFORMANCE OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE USING WITH NANO SILICA AND SI...IAEME Publication
Concrete is the most com monly used material in various types of construction, from the flooring of a hut to a multi storied high rise structure from pathway to an airport runway, from an underground tunnel and deep sea platform to high-rise chimneys and TV Towers. In the last millennium concrete
has demanding requirements both in terms of technical performance and economy while greatly varying from architectural masterpieces to the simplest of utilities. It is difficult to point out another material of construction which is
as versatile as concrete. Concrete is one of the versatile heterogeneous materials, civil engineering has ever known. With the advent of concrete civil engineering has touched highest peak of technology.
The Coupled Effect of Nano Silica and Superplasticizer on Concrete Fresh and ...IJMER
The The effect of individual and combined additions of both nano silica (NS) and
polycarboxylate-ether superplasticizer (SP) admixtures on concrete mixes were studied. Twenty concrete
mixes were prepared, keeping the water/cement ratio constant at w/c = 0.40, with different amounts of
SP admixture, and NS. the superplasticizer was studied in the range of (0 – 0.88)% (over cement weight),
nano silica additions were tested at (0 – 3.00)% range (over cement weight). Early, and late
compressive strengths, as well as results of fresh concrete (slump) test of formulations were evaluated by
means of design of experiments, in order to identify the primary factors and their interactions on the
measured properties. The most desirable NS and SP % were determined. The results showed that
regardless of the used NS percentage, the higher compressive strength results were reached at, or
around SP observed saturation dosage (0.66% by weight cement). The statistical approach applied here
enabled to develop relations, which could adequately describe the dependency of both the compressive
strength, and slump on the composition of NS, and SP concretes. These relations were presented as
contour plots, which from a practical point of view could serve as a basis for mix design
Effect of Nano Silica on the Compressive Strength of Concreteijtsrd
Concrete is one of the most important materials in the construction world. In the present scenario, due to the various industrialization, especially in the urban areas, the demand of construction work increases progressively. Due to which there is very high demand of concrete. So, it is very important to improve the durability and properties of concrete. For this there are various admixtures which are partially replaced with the cement like fly ash, slag, silica fumes, rice husk etc. However, in the present situation, Nano technology comes as a very faithful approach for improving the strength and durability of the concrete. In this project, M30 concrete is used and we use Nano silica of size 236nm as a partial replacement in concrete. Nano silica enters into the pores of the concrete and sets early due to which the permeability and strength of concrete are improved. An experimental analysis has been done by replacing the cement with Nano silica by increasing its percentage as 0.5 , 1 , 2 and 3 b.w.c. The results show that with increase in amount of Nano silica, the compressive strength increases up to 3 , however, if amount of Nano silica goes beyond 3 , the compressive strength of concrete starts decreasing. In these experimental tests, there are 10 cubes prepared with the sample and tested at 7 and 28 days. Bhupender | Sunil Kumar | Vikram "Effect of Nano Silica on the Compressive Strength of Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28090.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/28090/effect-of-nano-silica-on-the-compressive-strength-of-concrete/bhupender
experimental study on concrete using micro silica and nano silicaArmstra Junoly
This is our civil engineering project regarding increasing the strength of concrete which is successfully proved with references and literature reviews
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON BEHAVIOUR OF NANO CONCRETEIAEME Publication
The influence of Nano-Silica on various properties of concrete is obtained by replacing the cement with various percentages of Nano-Silica. Nano-Silica is used as a partial replacement for cement in the range of 2.5%, 3%, and 3.5% for M25 mix. Specimens are casted using Nano-Silica concrete. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the compressive strength, split tensile and flexural strength of Nano-Silica concrete at the age of 7 and 28 days. Results indicate that the concrete, by using Nano-Silica powder, was able to increase its compressive strength. However, the density is reduced compared to standard mix of concrete. The replacement of cement with 3% Nano-Silica results in higher strength and reduction in the permeability than the controlled concrete. The replacement of cement with Nano-Silica more than 3% results in the reduction of various properties of Nano-Silica concrete.
STUDY AND PERFORMANCE OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE USING WITH NANO SILICA AND SI...IAEME Publication
Concrete is the most com monly used material in various types of construction, from the flooring of a hut to a multi storied high rise structure from pathway to an airport runway, from an underground tunnel and deep sea platform to high-rise chimneys and TV Towers. In the last millennium concrete
has demanding requirements both in terms of technical performance and economy while greatly varying from architectural masterpieces to the simplest of utilities. It is difficult to point out another material of construction which is
as versatile as concrete. Concrete is one of the versatile heterogeneous materials, civil engineering has ever known. With the advent of concrete civil engineering has touched highest peak of technology.
The Coupled Effect of Nano Silica and Superplasticizer on Concrete Fresh and ...IJMER
The The effect of individual and combined additions of both nano silica (NS) and
polycarboxylate-ether superplasticizer (SP) admixtures on concrete mixes were studied. Twenty concrete
mixes were prepared, keeping the water/cement ratio constant at w/c = 0.40, with different amounts of
SP admixture, and NS. the superplasticizer was studied in the range of (0 – 0.88)% (over cement weight),
nano silica additions were tested at (0 – 3.00)% range (over cement weight). Early, and late
compressive strengths, as well as results of fresh concrete (slump) test of formulations were evaluated by
means of design of experiments, in order to identify the primary factors and their interactions on the
measured properties. The most desirable NS and SP % were determined. The results showed that
regardless of the used NS percentage, the higher compressive strength results were reached at, or
around SP observed saturation dosage (0.66% by weight cement). The statistical approach applied here
enabled to develop relations, which could adequately describe the dependency of both the compressive
strength, and slump on the composition of NS, and SP concretes. These relations were presented as
contour plots, which from a practical point of view could serve as a basis for mix design
Effect of Nano Silica on the Compressive Strength of Concreteijtsrd
Concrete is one of the most important materials in the construction world. In the present scenario, due to the various industrialization, especially in the urban areas, the demand of construction work increases progressively. Due to which there is very high demand of concrete. So, it is very important to improve the durability and properties of concrete. For this there are various admixtures which are partially replaced with the cement like fly ash, slag, silica fumes, rice husk etc. However, in the present situation, Nano technology comes as a very faithful approach for improving the strength and durability of the concrete. In this project, M30 concrete is used and we use Nano silica of size 236nm as a partial replacement in concrete. Nano silica enters into the pores of the concrete and sets early due to which the permeability and strength of concrete are improved. An experimental analysis has been done by replacing the cement with Nano silica by increasing its percentage as 0.5 , 1 , 2 and 3 b.w.c. The results show that with increase in amount of Nano silica, the compressive strength increases up to 3 , however, if amount of Nano silica goes beyond 3 , the compressive strength of concrete starts decreasing. In these experimental tests, there are 10 cubes prepared with the sample and tested at 7 and 28 days. Bhupender | Sunil Kumar | Vikram "Effect of Nano Silica on the Compressive Strength of Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28090.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/28090/effect-of-nano-silica-on-the-compressive-strength-of-concrete/bhupender
experimental study on concrete using micro silica and nano silicaArmstra Junoly
This is our civil engineering project regarding increasing the strength of concrete which is successfully proved with references and literature reviews
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON BEHAVIOUR OF NANO CONCRETEIAEME Publication
The influence of Nano-Silica on various properties of concrete is obtained by replacing the cement with various percentages of Nano-Silica. Nano-Silica is used as a partial replacement for cement in the range of 2.5%, 3%, and 3.5% for M25 mix. Specimens are casted using Nano-Silica concrete. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the compressive strength, split tensile and flexural strength of Nano-Silica concrete at the age of 7 and 28 days. Results indicate that the concrete, by using Nano-Silica powder, was able to increase its compressive strength. However, the density is reduced compared to standard mix of concrete. The replacement of cement with 3% Nano-Silica results in higher strength and reduction in the permeability than the controlled concrete. The replacement of cement with Nano-Silica more than 3% results in the reduction of various properties of Nano-Silica concrete.
Behavioural Investigation on the use of Nanosilica as An Additive in ConcreteIDES Editor
Influence of Nano science in the Civil Engineering
industry outbreaks significant solutions for numerous
unidentified blending of materials evolve from a Nano product,
which can create gigantic changes in the world of Concrete
both technically and economically. The Significance of
Nanosilica as an additive in my experimental research
congeals the behaviour of Concrete considerably. Essential
manipulations are carried out here by using a distinctive
methodology and by conducting various tests to innovate a
better performance concrete thereby found the enhancement
of its property. Nano silica as an additive in added mainly to
fill up the deviation arises with the addition of flyash, which
consequently deviates the strength after its initial setting
period. “Ref. [3]” This presence of Nanosilica constructs the
silica (S) in the sand, which ultimately reacts with calcium
hydrate (CH) in the cement at Nano scale to form C-S-H
bond as its improve the strengthening factor of concrete, which
are in turn helpful in the achieving high compressive strength
even in early days. Here the addition of Nanosilica are done
partially with an previously fly ash replaced concrete in a
gradual basis, as the comparative results of a Fly ash concrete
and Fly ash with Nanosilica added concrete are tested
experimentally. The flexural behaviour of the Nano concrete
found to be imperative part as analyzed from the Beam Column
joint test setup. It has been clearly concluded in the results
identified along with the ductility behaviour and the Load vs.
Deflection analysis done for the specimen casted. The standard
types of toughness test are carried out, which generated data
under specific loading conditions with respect to their
component design approaches. Also an overview on the
experimental tests conducted in relation with the strength
and durability of concrete were presented under the influence
of Nanosilica in concrete.
Nanotechnology ("nanotech") is manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology[1][2] referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology. A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative, which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter which occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size. Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research. Through 2012, the USA has invested $3.7 billion using its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the European Union has invested $1.2 billion, and Japan has invested $750 million.[3]
Nanotechnology as defined by size is naturally very broad, including fields of science as diverse as surface science, organic chemistry, molecular biology, semiconductor physics, energy storage,[4][5] microfabrication,[6] molecular engineering, etc.[7] The associated research and applications are equally diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly,[8] from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale to direct control of matter on the atomic scale.
Scientists currently debate the future implications of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology may be able to create many new materials and devices with a vast range of applications, such as in nanomedicine, nanoelectronics, biomaterials energy production, and consumer products. On the other hand, nanotechnology raises many of the same issues as any new technology, including concerns about the toxicity and environmental impact of nanomaterials,[9] and their potential effects on global economics, as well as speculation about various doomsday scenarios. These concerns have led to a debate among advocacy groups and governments on whether special regulation of nanotechnology is warranted.
Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Cement with Nano Silica in the C...ijtsrd
The main objective of this work is to study the mechanical strength and durability of the concrete when the particular cement dosage in concrete in replaced with Nano silica powder. However it is expected that the use of Nano-silica in concrete improve the strength properties of concrete. Also it is an attempt made to develop the concrete using Nano sized particles as a partial replacement of cement, which satisfies the various structural properties of concrete like compressive strength and tensile strength. It is expected that the final outcome of the project will have an overall beneficial effect on the utility of Nano-silica concrete in the field of civil engineering construction work. Rahul K | Andavan S"Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Cement with Nano Silica in the Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd7032.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/7032/experimental-study-on-partial-replacement-of-cement--with-nano-silica-in-the-concrete/rahul-k
concrete which has enabled the study of chloride diffusion in concrete (which causes corrosion of reinforcement). Concrete is, after all, a macro-material strongly influenced by its nano-properties and understanding it at this new level is yielding new avenues for improvement of strength, durability and monitoring.
nanotechnology in concrete materials
nano cement
nanotechnology review
applications of concrete
hydraulic cement in caulking tubes
quikrete msds sheets
ingram readymix
nano concrete sealer
interesting civil engineering topics
civil engineering topics for presentation
civil seminar topics ppt
civil engineering seminar topics 2018
seminar topics pdf
best seminar topics for civil engineering
seminar topics for mechanical engineers
latest civil engineering seminar topics
Mechanical behaviour of cement mortar & concrete for application of nano ...Mainak Ghosal
Presented in the 14th NCB INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON CEMENT AND BUILDING MATERIALS organised by National Council for Cement and Building Materials
(Under the Administrative Control of Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt. of India)held during 1-4 December 2015 at Manekshaw Centre, New Delhi, received overwhelming participation of more than 1050 delegates including 100 overseas delegates from various countries – Austria, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Oman, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, USA etc.
Use of Nylon Fiber and Ceramic waste in ConcreteMasnun Rahman
Ceramic waste is a material obtained from ceramic industries & construction site. On the other hand, Nylon fibers have multiple uses and garments or textile industries have to recycle a large amount of Nylon fibers after their manufacturing. These two materials have the potential to increase the efficiency of concrete.(Roy, 1987) Our main goal is to use recycled materials to get a cost-efficient and higher strength concrete then conventional concrete.
Ceramic Industry is one of the fast-growing exports-oriented sectors in Bangladesh. About 30% of the daily production of the ceramic industry become waste.(Amin, Sibak, El–Sherbiny, & Abadir, 2016). This waste has no use except landfilling. Ceramic aggregate can be a possible alternative of concrete aggregate.(Pacheco-Torgal & Jalali, 2010)
Fibers are usually used in concrete to control cracking due to plastic shrinkage and to drying shrinkage.(Choi, Park, & Jung, 2011) They also reduce the permeability of concrete and thus reduce bleeding of water(Nokken, 2003). But most of the recycled fibers are degradable which may cause low longevity of concrete. To overcome this, we have chosen Nylon fiber.
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE CEMENTS CONTAINING MI...IAEME Publication
Portland cement is one of the most used materials in the world. Due the environmental problems related to its use, such as CO2 emission and use of non-renewable raw materials, new materials are being researched. In the recent years, there is a great interest in replacing a long time used materials in concrete structure by nanomaterials (NMs) to produce concrete with novel function and better performance at unprecedented levels. NMs are used either to replace part of cement, producing ecological profile concrete or as admixtures in cement pastes. The great reactivity of NMs is attributed to their high purity and specific surface area.
Behavioural Investigation on the use of Nanosilica as An Additive in ConcreteIDES Editor
Influence of Nano science in the Civil Engineering
industry outbreaks significant solutions for numerous
unidentified blending of materials evolve from a Nano product,
which can create gigantic changes in the world of Concrete
both technically and economically. The Significance of
Nanosilica as an additive in my experimental research
congeals the behaviour of Concrete considerably. Essential
manipulations are carried out here by using a distinctive
methodology and by conducting various tests to innovate a
better performance concrete thereby found the enhancement
of its property. Nano silica as an additive in added mainly to
fill up the deviation arises with the addition of flyash, which
consequently deviates the strength after its initial setting
period. “Ref. [3]” This presence of Nanosilica constructs the
silica (S) in the sand, which ultimately reacts with calcium
hydrate (CH) in the cement at Nano scale to form C-S-H
bond as its improve the strengthening factor of concrete, which
are in turn helpful in the achieving high compressive strength
even in early days. Here the addition of Nanosilica are done
partially with an previously fly ash replaced concrete in a
gradual basis, as the comparative results of a Fly ash concrete
and Fly ash with Nanosilica added concrete are tested
experimentally. The flexural behaviour of the Nano concrete
found to be imperative part as analyzed from the Beam Column
joint test setup. It has been clearly concluded in the results
identified along with the ductility behaviour and the Load vs.
Deflection analysis done for the specimen casted. The standard
types of toughness test are carried out, which generated data
under specific loading conditions with respect to their
component design approaches. Also an overview on the
experimental tests conducted in relation with the strength
and durability of concrete were presented under the influence
of Nanosilica in concrete.
Nanotechnology ("nanotech") is manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology[1][2] referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology. A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative, which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter which occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size. Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research. Through 2012, the USA has invested $3.7 billion using its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the European Union has invested $1.2 billion, and Japan has invested $750 million.[3]
Nanotechnology as defined by size is naturally very broad, including fields of science as diverse as surface science, organic chemistry, molecular biology, semiconductor physics, energy storage,[4][5] microfabrication,[6] molecular engineering, etc.[7] The associated research and applications are equally diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly,[8] from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale to direct control of matter on the atomic scale.
Scientists currently debate the future implications of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology may be able to create many new materials and devices with a vast range of applications, such as in nanomedicine, nanoelectronics, biomaterials energy production, and consumer products. On the other hand, nanotechnology raises many of the same issues as any new technology, including concerns about the toxicity and environmental impact of nanomaterials,[9] and their potential effects on global economics, as well as speculation about various doomsday scenarios. These concerns have led to a debate among advocacy groups and governments on whether special regulation of nanotechnology is warranted.
Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Cement with Nano Silica in the C...ijtsrd
The main objective of this work is to study the mechanical strength and durability of the concrete when the particular cement dosage in concrete in replaced with Nano silica powder. However it is expected that the use of Nano-silica in concrete improve the strength properties of concrete. Also it is an attempt made to develop the concrete using Nano sized particles as a partial replacement of cement, which satisfies the various structural properties of concrete like compressive strength and tensile strength. It is expected that the final outcome of the project will have an overall beneficial effect on the utility of Nano-silica concrete in the field of civil engineering construction work. Rahul K | Andavan S"Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Cement with Nano Silica in the Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd7032.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/7032/experimental-study-on-partial-replacement-of-cement--with-nano-silica-in-the-concrete/rahul-k
concrete which has enabled the study of chloride diffusion in concrete (which causes corrosion of reinforcement). Concrete is, after all, a macro-material strongly influenced by its nano-properties and understanding it at this new level is yielding new avenues for improvement of strength, durability and monitoring.
nanotechnology in concrete materials
nano cement
nanotechnology review
applications of concrete
hydraulic cement in caulking tubes
quikrete msds sheets
ingram readymix
nano concrete sealer
interesting civil engineering topics
civil engineering topics for presentation
civil seminar topics ppt
civil engineering seminar topics 2018
seminar topics pdf
best seminar topics for civil engineering
seminar topics for mechanical engineers
latest civil engineering seminar topics
Mechanical behaviour of cement mortar & concrete for application of nano ...Mainak Ghosal
Presented in the 14th NCB INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON CEMENT AND BUILDING MATERIALS organised by National Council for Cement and Building Materials
(Under the Administrative Control of Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt. of India)held during 1-4 December 2015 at Manekshaw Centre, New Delhi, received overwhelming participation of more than 1050 delegates including 100 overseas delegates from various countries – Austria, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Oman, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, USA etc.
Use of Nylon Fiber and Ceramic waste in ConcreteMasnun Rahman
Ceramic waste is a material obtained from ceramic industries & construction site. On the other hand, Nylon fibers have multiple uses and garments or textile industries have to recycle a large amount of Nylon fibers after their manufacturing. These two materials have the potential to increase the efficiency of concrete.(Roy, 1987) Our main goal is to use recycled materials to get a cost-efficient and higher strength concrete then conventional concrete.
Ceramic Industry is one of the fast-growing exports-oriented sectors in Bangladesh. About 30% of the daily production of the ceramic industry become waste.(Amin, Sibak, El–Sherbiny, & Abadir, 2016). This waste has no use except landfilling. Ceramic aggregate can be a possible alternative of concrete aggregate.(Pacheco-Torgal & Jalali, 2010)
Fibers are usually used in concrete to control cracking due to plastic shrinkage and to drying shrinkage.(Choi, Park, & Jung, 2011) They also reduce the permeability of concrete and thus reduce bleeding of water(Nokken, 2003). But most of the recycled fibers are degradable which may cause low longevity of concrete. To overcome this, we have chosen Nylon fiber.
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE CEMENTS CONTAINING MI...IAEME Publication
Portland cement is one of the most used materials in the world. Due the environmental problems related to its use, such as CO2 emission and use of non-renewable raw materials, new materials are being researched. In the recent years, there is a great interest in replacing a long time used materials in concrete structure by nanomaterials (NMs) to produce concrete with novel function and better performance at unprecedented levels. NMs are used either to replace part of cement, producing ecological profile concrete or as admixtures in cement pastes. The great reactivity of NMs is attributed to their high purity and specific surface area.
EFFECT OF BAGAGSE ASH ON PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE USED AS PARTIAL REPLACEMNT FO...IAEME Publication
Background/Objectives: Cement is one of the sources for producing inexperienced house gases united ton of carbon dioxide is created with each one ton of cement production. Use of alternative materials will scale back this pollution downside. Methods/ Statistical analysis: In the present work Sugarcane pulp ash has been tried as another material for partial replacement of cement. Sugarcane bagasse ash is a by-product of sugarcane and disposal of that is making serious setting issues. In the present work, trails are created (with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) to value absolutely the quantum of cement that may get replaced by bagasse ash while not poignant the strength capabilities of the cast. Findings: Different tests such as compressive strength, flexure strength and split tensile strength are to be conducted on concrete for seven days and twenty-eight days natural process. Analysis of the results would give conclusions and inferences. Applications/Improvements: Outcome shows that for 15% substitute of cement by way of the SCBA strength is nearly enough the nominal force of the concrete.
STRENGTH AND PERMEABILITY STUDIES ON CONCRETE WITH NANO-CEMENTIAEME Publication
Nanotechnology has received the attention of many researchers for its ability to make use of the unique properties of nano-sized materials for obtaining favourable characteristics. The grain size of the nano particles will be in the order of 10-9 m (1-100nm). Materials at nano stage can change the whole properties of the composites to which these nano particles are added. Nano-particles exhibit unique properties that develop a stronger, more durable concrete with favorable characteristics when added to concrete. Addition of nano materials at the time of production of concrete can lead to significant improvements in the strength and life of concrete. One of the active areas of research dealing with cement and concrete is strength and durability of concrete containing nano particles. An attempt has been made to carry out an experimental investigation on strength and permeability of concrete containing nano-cement. Plasma arching, chemical vapor deposition, electro deposition, sol-gel synthesis, high intensity ball milling etc., are some of the methods reported in the literature to synthesize nano level materials. Nano-cement was made by grinding the commercially available 53 grade Portland cement using a high energy ball grinding mill. A scanning electron microscope was used to determine the particle size of the nano-cement produced. Different grades of concrete viz., M20, M30. M40 and M50 were cast. For each grade of concrete, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of cement was replaced with nano-cement. Tests were conducted on concrete to find out the compressive strength and permeability of concrete. The compressive strength of concrete containing nano materials were found to be more than that of normal cement concrete (NCC). The permeability values were found to be decrease with the addition of nano-cement.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF STRENGTH PARAMETERS OF CEMENT AND CONCRETE BY P...IAEME Publication
Portland cement is one of the expensive materials of concrete, causes a ton of harm to nature by the outflow of CO2 gas into environment amid hydration procedure to accomplish quality, the primary target of this paper is to create ease and eco amicable restricting material by incomplete substitution of cement. Indian calcium bentonite is expansive clay, is tend to increase the volume by addition of water and obeys pozzolanic properties. The experimental investigation in this paper deals with the determination of strength properties of Portland cement and concrete by partial replacement (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30) of Portland cement with a mass of Indian calcium bentonite. The higher consistency values observed in a blended binder than OPC. The Indian calcium bentonite mortar mixes shown higher compressive strengths at 10% replacement, equates at 15% then decreasing towards 30% than controlled mixes. Lower strengths were observed in Indian calcium bentonite concrete mixes, at the ages 3days, 7 days as well as 28 days of curing.
In this construction world, Geopolymer concrete is a special concrete which doesn't
requires the Ordinary Portland Cement and also reduces the emission of carbon-dioxide. The
Geopolymer Concrete is made up of industrial by-products (which contains more Silica and
Alumina) and activated with the help of Alkaline solution (combination of sodium hydroxide &
sodium silicate or potassium hydroxide & potassium silicate). The high viscosity nature of
Geopolymer Concrete had the ability to fail due to lack of compaction. In improvising the
issue, Self Compacting Geopolymer Concrete has been introduced. The SCGC doesn't require
any additional compaction it will flow and compacted by its own weight. This concrete is made
up of industrial by-products like Fly ash, GGBFS and Silica Fume and activated with alkaline
solution. The earlier research was mostly on Fly ash based SCGC. In few research works Fly
ash was partially replaced with GGBS and Silica Fume. They evaluated the compressive
strength of concrete with varying molarties of NaOH; curing time and curing temperature. The
flexural behavior of the concrete also examined. The Fly ash based SCGC was got high
compressive strength in heat curing as well as low compressive strength in ambient curing.
The presence of GGBS improves the strength in ambient curing. For aiming the high strength
in ambient curing Fly ash will be completely replace and examine with different mineral
admixtures.
IjcA CRITICAL EVALUATION ON POZZOLONIC PROPERTIES OF SELECTED MATERIALS AND T...IAEME Publication
Increase in population in the country is demanding more and more infrastructure projects and
housing which intern is demanding more and more cement manufacturing. This is resulting in
releasing of huge amount of CO2 into the atmosphere which is causing environmental problems.
There is a need to look for alternative materials which lessen emanation of green house gasses. As
a piece of this various alternative materials to cement have been explored by various researchers.
In the present study it is focused on basalt, fly ash, metakaolin, tank sediments, sludge of vitrified
ceramic tile plant, clayey soil and clay deposits. Published articles related to the pozzolonic
materials are collected and complied.
Most relevant papers are sorted out and studied in depth to understand the problems,
methodology, results obtained and conclusions drawn. Metakaolin was tried by several researchers
and it is found to be promising At Present metakaolin available in the market is costly and this cost
factor is one of the constraint in utilization, hence we need to explore alternative low cost materials
that can be used in the place of existing metakaolin after treatment.
Experimental and FE Analysis of Funicular ShellsHARISH B A
Shells belong to the class of stressed skin
structures which, because of their geometry and small
flexural rigidity, tend to carry loads primarily by direct
stresses acting in their plane. Concrete funicular shells of
square ground plan, double curvature with 80 mm rise are
analysed for uniformly distributed load (One-way action).
Specimens of size 1080 mm x 1080 mm in plan with
rectangular edge beam of 50 mm x 40 mm are prepared
using cement concrete of grade M20 for which the mix
design is carried by Indian Standard method. The
precasting of the Concrete shallow funicular shell
specimens is carried by masonry mould method. The
specimens are prepared with thickness of 25 mm and 20
mm. The specimens are moist cured for 28 days before
testing. The uniformly distributed load over the shell
specimen is applied and the corresponding deflections,
strains are measured. The coordinates of funicular shells
are determined by developing a computer program. To
relate experimental results to theory, the finite element
technique (SAP 2000 Program) is utilized to analyse a
similar model in the elastic range. Finite element models
of funicular shells are developed by discretizing the shell
specimens into 20 elements along x direction and 20
elements along y direction. Behaviour of funicular shells
under uniformly distributed load is carried out.
Conclusions are made by comparing the experimental and
analytical results.
A REPORT ON PARTIAL SUBSTITUTE OF CEMENT IN CONCRETE USING RICE HUSK ASHIAEME Publication
Objectives: This research work is to examine the partial replacement of cement in concrete mistreatment rice husk ash. It involved the study of strength properties of the concrete with totally different proportions of rice husk ash as partial replacement in cement. Methods: The major problem sweet-faced by the globe nowadays is that the environmental pollution. In the industry, mainly the production of cement can cause the emission of pollutants that includes a nice impact on atmosphere. This can be reduced by the magnified usage of business by-products within the industry. Findings: In this present study, to produce the concrete, Portland cement is partially substituted with Rice husk ash. Different ratios of partial replacement is done like 1/3, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% is taken to prepare completely different mixes. The concrete specimens are tested for their compressive strength, split tensile strength take a look at and flexural strength test at the age of seven and twenty eight days.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH BAGASSE ASH IN CO...IAEME Publication
Objectives: There is an increase in demand and utilization of cement and many scientists are in search for developing alternative binding materials that can be eco-friendly and helps towards waste management. The use of agricultural and industrial waste produced can help in reduction of waste is in focus. Methods: In this work one of the agro waste named sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) has been used as partial replacement of cement. SCBA is produced by burning of sugarcane bagasse which is left after extraction of juice from sugarcane. At high temperature under controlled condition bagasse is burned to obtain ash which contains high amorphous silica. In this paper the cement by weight is replaced by 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% by SCBA in concrete. Findings: A comparison is made for 0% and other percentages by conducting different tests named compressive strength test, flexural strength test and split tensile strength test for 7 days and 28 days. Improvements: The test results shows that Sugarcane Bagasse Ash can be utilized for partial replacement of cement up to 15% by weight of cement without any major loss in strength.
STUDY OF THE PROPERTIES OF METAKIOLIN AND GGBS BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETEIAEME Publication
Objectives: To investigate the properties of metakiolin and GGBS based geopolymer concrete. Methods/Statistical Analysis: In this connection, Geopolymer is need of the hour, where the binder is inorganic polymer. Geopolymer concrete will be introduced as an alternative concrete which did not use any cement in its mixture and used Metakaolin and GGBS as alternative cement. NaOH and Na2SiO3 were used as activator solution. Findings: Geopolymer concrete is prepared by using the solution of sodium silicate mixed with sodium hydroxide. The fixed ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide is 2.5 and the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 8M. The geo polymer concrete specimens are casted and tested for compressive strength for and 28 days and cured at ambient temperature. Applications/Improvements: This study helps in gaining knowledge about the morphological composition of concrete which might result in path-breaking trends in construction industry.
Compressive strength of concrete with fly ash, nanosilica and recycled aggregateeSAT Journals
Abstract In this study, concrete mix was prepared using recycled aggregates (RA) which were retrieved from demolished concrete blocks. Pozzolanic materials like fly ash (FA) and nanosilica (NS) were used as partial replacement of cement by weight in varying percentages i.e. 10%, 20% 30% and 2%, 3%, 4% respectively. The experimental work was focused on investigating the effect of nanosilica and fly ash on fresh properties and compressive strength of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). To examine the fresh properties of concrete, slump test was performed for workability requirements. It was observed from experimental results that with the increase in percentage of recycled aggregates in concrete, compressive strength decreases but workability was not affected up to 50% variation of recycled aggregates. Results showed that with the addition of nanosilica compressive strength of concrete was increased but workability was decreased with the increase in percentage of nanosilica. The use of fly ash in addition to nanosilica (30% RA+3% NS + 10% Fly Ash) improved both the workability and compressive strength of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). Keywords: Compressive strength, Recycled aggregates (RA), Nanosilica (NS), Fly Ash (FA), Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC).
The Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Silica Fume as Partial Re...HARISH B A
Concrete is the most important engineering
material and the addition of some other materials may change
the properties of concrete. With increase in trend towards the
wider use of concrete for prestressed concrete and high rise
buildings there is a growing demand of concrete with higher
compressive strength. Mineral additions which are also
known as mineral admixtures have been used with cements
for many years. Silica fume particles are 100 times smaller
than the average cement particle. Its handling and disposal is
a point of concern because of the environment concerns. Silica
fume is usually categorized as a supplementary cementitious
material. These materials exhibit pozzolanic properties,
cementitious properties and a combination of both properties.
Due to these properties, it can affect the concrete behavior in
many ways. In the present work, an attempt has been made to
use silica fume as a supplementary material for cement and to
evaluate the limit of replacement of cement for M20 grade
concrete. The main aim of this work is to study the
mechanical properties of M20 grade control concrete and
silica fume concrete with different percentages (5, 10, 15 and
20%) of silica fume as a partial replacement of cement.
AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF HIGH VOLUME GROUND GRANUL...IAEME Publication
This paper reports the effect of high volume of GGBS on the properties of structural
concrete. In this study, GGBS is physically and chemically characterized and partially
replaced in the ratio of 10% to 90% by weight of cement. The fresh properties of GGBS
concrete like slump test and hardened properties like compressive strength, Split tensile
strength, Modulus of Elasticity are carried out. In addition to this the carbon foot prints are
also calculated and the savings per capita per year is determined for reduction of usage of
cement. The test results indicated that fresh and hardened properties of the GGBS concrete
increases as the percentage of replacement of GGBS increases up to certain extent
Hence, it can be concluded concrete prepared with 3% NS and 6%
SF combination can be recommended for the structural applications. The increase in the strength
properties of concrete is due to the availability of additional binder in the presence of NS and SF.
The improved durability property of concrete is due to proper packing of NS and SF particles results
in reduction in voids and leading to dense concrete.
AN EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON STRENGTH PROPERETIES OF CONCRETE BY THE INFLUENCE...IAEME Publication
With the aim of lessening the carbon dioxide emissions because of the manufacture of cement there is an emergence to find an opportunity answer for this problem. As a solution we will add fly ash and nano silica to regular Portland cement which reduces the environmental effect, but additionally improves the electricity traits of concrete. Latest developments in nano-era and availability of nano-silica (nS) have made using such materials in improving concrete residences possible. it is possible because the silica( S ) in the sand reacts with calcium hydrate (CH) within the cement at Nano scale to shape C-S-H gel and thereby it improves the strengthening element of concrete, which might be in turn useful within the accomplishing high Compressive power even in early days. This experimental thesis consists of state of the artwork of nS application in concrete, importance of nS, the nS manufacturing manner, the determination of compressive energy, split tensile strength, flexural strength at and comparing the consequences to controlled concrete of M30 grade
The need for efficient and better construction methods and materials is increasing day by day due to the rapid urbanization taking place around the globe at the same time it is our responsibility to make sure that the application of materials involved in the construction does not create adverse environmental impacts. In this research an attempt to review the optimization of the material usage of a hollow core in Reinforced concrete (RC) flexural members in the zone of tension. This shall facilitate the reduction of the dead loads which is an important factor with respect to seismic effect on structures. This paper studies the research works carried out on RC hollow beams in order to understand the flexural behaviour compared with the conventional solid beams.
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
2. Effect of Nano-Silica on Concrete Containing Metakaolin
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1. INTRODUCTION
The construction industry uses concrete to a very large extent. Cement is one of the
important components of concrete. The demand for Portland cement is increasing in
developing countries. Portland cement production is one of the major reasons for
CO2 emissions into atmosphere. It is due to the use of fossil fuels, including the
fuels required to generate electricity during cement manufacturing process. Hence to
reduce the consumption of cement, the application of pozzolana materials is
increasing day-by-day in the form of partial replacement for concrete preparation.
The use of pozzolana’s for making concrete is considered efficient, as it allows the
reduction of the cement consumption while improving the strength and durability
properties of the concrete.
Cement is one of main constituents of concrete and its main product of
hydration i.e. C-S-H is of nano structure. The strength and durability
characteristics of concrete depend on the quality of C-S-H gel. Silica is one of the
most important components in concrete’s micro-structure quality improvement.
Therefore, extensive research is directed towards the performance of pozzolana
concrete in recent years.
Metakaolin when used as a partial replacement substance for cement in concrete,
it reacts with Ca(OH)2 one of the by-products of hydration reaction and results in
additional C-S-H gel leading to increase in various strength properties of concrete. It
also reduces the hardened concrete permeability. Hence by partially replacing
Portland cement with Metakaolin not only reduces carbon dioxide emissions into the
atmosphere during the production of cement but also increases the service life of
buildings.
The mechanical and durability properties of concrete are mainly dependent on
the gradually refining the structure of hardened cement paste and the gradually
improving paste–aggregate interface. Nano-Silica, a new pozzolanic material
produced synthetically, in the form of water emulsion of Ultra-Fine Amorphous
Colloidal Silica (UFACS), is better than silica fume due to the higher content of
amorphous silica. Impermeability and strength characteristics of concrete can be
improved by using Nano-Silica. In the present research work, an attempt has been
made to assess the combined application of Metakaolin and Nano-Silica on the
performance of concrete
2. OBJECTIVE
The main objective of the present experimental investigation is to obtain the influence
of the combined application of Metakaolin and Nano-Silica on various strength
properties of M25 grade concrete. Combination of 5% and 10% of Metakaolin and 1%,
2% and 3% of Nano-Silica by weight of cement replacement is adopted. Using different
proportions of Metakaolin and Nano-Silica compressive strength, split tensile strength,
modulus of elasticity and flexural strength tests were performed on concrete specimens
and the results were compared with the controlled concrete.
3. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
3.1 Materials
3.1.1 Cement
In the present investigation Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) of 43 Grade
confirming to IS specifications was used. The specific gravity of the cement is 3.15.
3. Dr. D. V. Prasada Rao and S. Venkata Maruthi
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3.1.2 Fine aggregate
Locally available river sand (Zone - II) confirming to IS specifications with
fineness modulus of 2.94 was used as the fine aggregate in the concrete mix.
3.1.3 Coarse Aggregate
Machine crushed aggregate confirming to IS 383-1970 obtained from the local
quarry is used as coarse aggregate. The nominal sizes of coarse aggregate adopted
in the present investigation were 20 mm and 12 mm. The properties of coarse
aggregate and fine aggregate used in the present investigation are shown in the
Table. 1
Table.1: Properties of CA and FA
Property Coarse Aggregate Fine Aggregate
Specific Gravity 2.64 2.66
Water Absorption (%) 0.25 1.10
3.1.4 Metakaolin
Metakaolin is a refined kaolin clay that is fired (Calcinated) under carefully
controlled conditions to create an amorphous alumina silicate that is reactive in
concrete. Compared to cement, the particle size of Metakaolin is very finer. It
acts as an excellent pore-filling material. Metakaolin is known as supplementary
cementitious material. The properties of Metakaolin used in the present
investigation are shown in the Table. 2
Table.2: Properties of Metakaolin
S.No. Characteristics Actual Analysis Result
1 Sio2 52-55%
2 Alumina (Al2O3) 40-43%
3 Ferric oxide(Fe2O3) <1
4 Bulk density 350 gm/liter
5 Moisture 0.23%
6 Appearance white powder
7 PH 6.59
8 Residue on 325 Mesh 0.1%
9 50% particles below 1.74µ
10 Specific gravity 2.61
3.1.5 Nano-Silica
Nano-Silica is a new pozzolanic material in the form of water emulsion of colloidal
silica. It appears to be potentially better than silica fume for the higher content of
amorphous silica (> 99%) and the reduced size of its spherical particles (1-50 nm).
In the present experimental investigation cement is replaced by 1%, 2% and 3% of
Nano-Silica by weight. The properties of Nano-Silica are shown in the Table.3.
4. Effect of Nano-Silica on Concrete Containing Metakaolin
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Table 3 Properties of Nano-Silica
S.No. Characteristics Actual Analysis
1 Nano solids 30-32%
2 PH 9.0-10
3 Specific Gravity 1.20-1.22
4 Texture White Milky Liquid
5 Dispersion Water
3.1.6 Water
Potable water is used for casting and curing concrete test specimens. Water used is
free from acids, organic matter, suspended solids and impurities which when
present can adversely affect the strength of concrete.
3.2 Concrete Mix Proportion
In the present experimental investigation the influence of Metakaolin as partial
replacement of cement and combined application of Metakaolin and Nano-Silica as
partial replacement of cement on M25 grade of concrete is studied.
M25 grade of concrete was designed as per the Indian Standard code of Practice.
The various ingredients for one cubic meter of M25 grade concrete is shown in
Table 4. As the Nano-Silica is available in the colloidal form, the quantity of water
required for making concrete is adjusted to account for the water available in
colloidal Nano-Silica.
Table 4 Quantities of Ingredients per cum of M25 Grade Concrete
Concrete Cement
(Kg)
Metakaolin
(Kg)
Colloidal
Nano-
Silica
(lit)
Water (lit) w/c Fine
Aggregate
(Kg)
Coarse
Aggregate
(Kg)
water
available
in NS
Added
water
Control 326 0 0 0 163 0.5 742 1210
MK 5% 309.7 16.3 0 0 163 0.5 742 1210
MK 10% 293.4 32.6 0 0 163 0.5 742 1210
MK 5%
+NS 1%
306.44 16.3 10.52 7.26 155.74 0.5 742 1210
MK 5%
+NS 2%
303.18 16.3 21.03 14.51 148.49 0.5 742 1210
MK 5%
+NS 3%
299.92 16.3 31.55 21.77 141.23 0.5 742 1210
MK 10%
+NS 1%
290.14 32.6 10.52 7.26 155.74 0.5 742 1210
MK 10%
+NS 2%
286.88 32.6 21.03 14.51 148.49 0.5 742 1210
MK 10%
+NS 3%
283.62 32.6 31.55 21.77 141.23 0.5 742 1210
5. Dr. D. V. Prasada Rao and S. Venkata Maruthi
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3.3 Test Specimens
Concrete test specimens consist of 150mm x 150mm x150mm cubes, cylinders of
150mm diameter and 300mm height and Prisms of 150mm x 150mm x 700mm.
Concrete cube specimens were tested at 3, 7, 28, 56 and 90 days of curing to obtain
the compressive strength of concrete. Cylindrical specimens of 150mm diameter and
300mm height were tested at the age of 28 days to obtain the split tensile strength of
concrete and modulus of elasticity of concrete. The prisms were tested at the age of
28 days to obtain the flexural strength of concrete.
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Compressive Strength
The variation of the cube compressive strength at different periods of curing of M25
grade concrete prepared using the various proportions of Metakaolin and Nano-
Silica is shown in Fig.1. Each value of the cube compressive strength indicates the
average of three test results. It can be observed that the compressive strength of
Metakaolin and Nano-Silica concrete exhibits more than that of controlled concrete.
(i) MK (5%) (ii) MK(10%)
Figure 1 Variation of Cube compressive strength of M25 grade concrete with age for
different percentages of Metakaolin(MK) and Nano-Silica(NS).
The variation of 7 days and 28 days cube compressive strength of M25 grade
concrete prepared with Nano-Silica containing different percentages of Metakaolin
is also shown in Fig.2 The compressive strength of concrete initially increases up to
2% of Nano-Silica and then the strength decreased with increase in Nano-Silica for
5% and 10% Metakaolin. This can be attributed to the non-availability of sufficient
quantity of C-S-H gel. The 7 days and 28 days cube compressive strength of M25
grade control concrete is 25.48 N/mm2
and 31.63 N/mm2
respectively. The increase
in 7 days and 28 days cube compressive strength of concrete with 2% Nano-Silica
and 5% Metakaolin combination is 9.34% and 8.90% respectively.
6. Effect of Nano-Silica on Concrete Containing Metakaolin
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(a) 7 days Cube compressive Strength (b) 28 days Cube compressive Strength.
Figure 2 Variation of 7 days and 28 days Cube Compressive Strength of M25 grade
concrete with different percentages of Metakaolin(MK) and Nano-Silica(NS).
4.2 Split Tensile Strength:
The variation of Split tensile strength of M25 grade concrete prepared using 5% and
10% Metakaolin with increase in Nano-Silica is shown in Fig.3. The Split tensile
strength of M25 grade of controlled concrete is 2.96 N/mm2
. The split tensile
strength of Metakaolin concrete initially increases up to 2% of Nano-Silica and with
further increase in the Nano-Silica content the split tensile strength decreases.
Similar trend is observed with the concrete containing 5% and 10% Metakaolin. The
increase in split tensile strength of 5% Metakaolin concrete containing 2% Nano-
Silica compared with conventional concrete is 8.44%.
Figure 3 Variation of Split Tensile Strength of M25 grade concrete with different
percentages of Metakaolin (MK) and Nano-Silica (NS).
4.3 Modulus Elasticity:
The variation of Modulus of Elasticity of M25 grade concrete containing
Metakaolin with increase in Nano-Silica is shown in Fig.4. The Modulus of
Elasticity of M25 grade of controlled concrete is 27100 N/mm2
. The Modulus of
Elasticity of concrete initially increases up to 2% of Nano-Silica and with further
increase in the Nano-Silica content the Modulus of Elasticity decreases. Similar
trend is observed with the concrete containing 5% and 10% Metakaolin. The
increase in Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete with 5% Metakaolin and 2% Nano-
Silica compared with conventional concrete is 7.80%.
25.00
25.50
26.00
26.50
27.00
27.50
28.00
0 1 2 3 4
CUBECOMPRESSIVE
STRENGTH(MPa)
NANO SILICA (%)
MK
5%
31.00
32.00
33.00
34.00
35.00
0 1 2 3 4
CUBECOMPRESSIVE
STRENGTH(MPa)
NANO SILICA (%)
MK…
2.95
3
3.05
3.1
3.15
3.2
3.25
0 1 2 3 4
SPLITTENSILESTRENGTH(MPa)
NANOSILICA (%)
MK 5%
MK10%
7. Dr. D. V. Prasada Rao and S. Venkata Maruthi
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 110 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 4 Variation of Modulus of Elasticity of M25 grade concrete with different
percentages of Metakaolin (MK) and Nano-Silica(NS).
4.4 Flexural Strength:
The variation of Flexural strength of M25 grade concrete with increase in the
Metakaolin and Nano-Silica is shown in Fig.5. The Flexural strength of M25 grade
of controlled concrete is 4.51 N/mm2
. The Flexural strength of concrete initially
increases up to 2% of Nano-Silica and with further increase in the Nano-Silica
content the split tensile strength decreases. Similar trend is observed with the
concrete containing 5% and 10% Metakaolin. The increase in Flexural strength of
M25 grade concrete with 2% Nano-Silica and 5% Metakaolin combination is 7.54%
compared to that of controlled concrete.
Figure 5 Variation of Flexural strength of M25 grade concrete with different percentages of
Metakaolin(MK) and Nano-Silica(NS).
5. CONCLUSION :
Controlled concrete of M25 Grade is prepared and tests were conducted on standard
concrete specimens to obtain compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of
elasticity and flexural strength and then the results are compared with concrete
containing various combinations of Metakaolin 5%, 10% and Nano-Silica 1%, 2%
and 3% as cement replacement.
28200
28400
28600
28800
29000
29200
29400
0 1 2 3 4
MODULUSOFELASTICITY(MPa)
NANOSILICA (%)
MK 5%
MK 10%
4.4
4.45
4.5
4.55
4.6
4.65
4.7
4.75
4.8
4.85
4.9
0 1 2 3 4
FLEXURALSTRENGTH(MPa)
NANOSILICA (%)
MK5%
MK10%
8. Effect of Nano-Silica on Concrete Containing Metakaolin
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Tests were conducted on concrete specimens containing Metakaolin at 5% and
10 % as cement replacement to obtain compressive strength. Using the test results, it
can be concluded that for a given Metakaolin content, the compressive strength of
concrete increases as the percentage of Metakaolin is increased up to 5% and then
decreases with increase in Metakaolin content. The variation of split tensile strength,
modulus of elasticity, flexural strength test results of M25 grade concrete prepared
with 5% and 10% Metakaolin content exhibited the similar trend. The higher surface
area of Metakaolin yielded the highest strength and the fastest rate of strength gain.
Further investigation is carried out by conducting tests on standard concrete
specimens to obtain compressive strength for combined replacement of cement with
Metakaolin and Nano-Silica using different combinations of Metakaolin at 5%, 10
% and Nano-Silica at 1%, 2% and 3%. From the test results, it can be concluded that
for a given Metakaolin content, the compressive strength of concrete increases as
the percentage of Nano-Silica is increased up to 2% and then decreases. The
variation of split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and flexural strength test
results of M25 grade concrete prepared with various combinations of 5%, 10%
Metakaolin and 1%, 2% and 3% Nano-Silica content exhibited the similar trend.
The increase in the strength of concrete containing Metakaolin and Nano-Silica
can be attributed to the availability of additional binder. Nano-Silica has high
amorphous silicon dioxide content and is a very reactive pozzolanic material. As the
Portland cement in concrete begins to react chemically, it releases calcium
hydroxide. The Nano-Silica and Metakaolin reacts with the calcium hydroxide to
form additional binder material. The availability of additional binder enhances the
paste-aggregate bond which results in the concrete with Metakaolin and Nano-Silica
that has improved strength properties. The decrease in the various strength
properties of concrete with increase in the Nano-Silica content beyond 2% is due to
the fact that the strength of the additional binder formed in the presence of
Metakaolin decreases due to excessive Nano-Silica content. The combined
replacement of Nano-Silica and Metakaolin exhibited increased strength properties
compared to the replacement of only Metakaolin.
Hence it can be concluded that, the various strength properties of concrete can
be improved by the addition of a specified percentage (2%) of Nano-Silica and (5%)
of Metakaolin content.
REFERENCES
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