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9. 10. tenses
The document discusses the 12 tenses in English - 4 present, 4 past, and 4 future tenses. It provides details on the forms of verbs, auxiliary verbs, and recognition for each tense in both English and Urdu. The key points covered include: - There are 12 tenses that can be categorized into simple, progressive, perfect, and perfect progressive forms. - Each tense has a specific verb form and auxiliary verb. For example, the simple future uses the first form of the verb and the auxiliary verbs "shall" or "will". - The document explains how to recognize each tense based on its meaning or use, such as future progressive indicating an action that will continue in the future.
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9. 10. tenses
- 1. 12 Tenses, Recognition, Production LectureNo. 9, 10 Zafar Ullah, lecturer in English zafarullah76@gmail.com
- 2. Tense • Tense Meaning:time • 12 tenses • 4 Present, • 4 Past, • 4 Future 2
- 3. Names of Tenses •Simple= Indefinite • Progressive= Continuous • Perfect Progressive= Perfect Continuous 3
- 4. Simple Future FutureProgressive Future Perfect Future Perfect Progressive Simple Past Past Progressive Past Perfect Past Perfect Progressive Simple Present Present Progressive Present Perfect Present Perfect Progressive 4
- 5. Forms of Verbsin Tenses • 1st form, 2nd form, 3rd form, 1+ing • 3rd finger, 3rd form 5
- 6. Forms of Tenses SimpleFuture V: 1st Future Progressive V: I+ing Future Perfect V: 3rd form Future Per Progressiv V: I+ing Simple Past V: 2nd (positive sentence) 1st (negative, interrogative sentences) Past Progressive V: I+ing Past Perfect V: 3rd form Past Perfe Progressiv V: I+ing Simple Present V: 1st Present Progressive V: I+ing Present Perfect V: 3rd form Present Pe Progressiv V: I+ing 6
- 7. Auxiliary Verbs inTenses • Sentence structure Subject+Auxiliary Verb+Verb+Object+Place+Time 12 tenses, 48 sentences 46 sentences have auxiliary verbs, 2 sentences do not have auxiliary verbs e.g He plays cricket. He played cricket. 7
- 8. Forms of Tenses SimpleFuture A.V: shall, will V: 1st Future Progressive A.V: shall be, will be V: I+ing Future Perfect A.V: shall have, will have V: 3rd form Future Perfect Progressive A.V: shall have been, will have been V: I+ing Simple Past A.V: did V: 2nd (positive sentence) V: 1st (negative, interrogative sentences) Past Progressive A.V: was, were V: I+ing Past Perfect A.V: had V: 3rd form Past Perfect Progressive A.V: had been V: I+ing Simple Present A.V: does, do V: 1st Present Progressive A.V: is, am, are V: I+ing Present Perfect A.V: has, have V: 3rd form Present Perfect Progressive A.V: has been, have been 8
- 9. Pronoun and AuxiliaryVerb • Shall: I, we • Will: remaining (you, he, she, it, singular, plural) • S set: he, she, it, singular noun ( mother, washing machine, parrot) • 2nd set: I, we, you, they, plural nouns (books, cows, brothers) 9
- 10. Shall: (I, we) Will:(remaining; you, he, she , it, they); Modern grammarians use “will” with all. Shall be: (I, we) Will be: (remaining; you, he, she , it, they); Modern grammarians use “will be” with all. Shall have:(I, we) Will have: (remaining; you, he, she , it, they); Modern grammarians use “will have” with all. Shall have been: (I, we) Will have been: (remaining; you, he, she , it, they); Modern grammarians use “will have been” Did: with all Was: (S set: he, she, it, singular noun)+I Were:2nd set; we, you, they, plural nouns) Had: (with all) Had been: (with all) Does: (S set: he, she, it, singular noun) Do: (2nd set; I, we, you, they, plural nouns) Is: (S set: he, she, it, singular noun) Am: I Are:(2nd set; we, you, they, plural nouns) Has: (S set: he, she, it, singular noun) Have: 2nd set; I, we, you, they, plural nouns) Has been: (S set: he, she, it, singular noun) Have been: 2nd set; I, we, you, they, plural nouns) 10
- 11. Recognition in Urdu •Grammar Translation Method • Benefits in Urdu to English translation • Support of mother tongue 11
- 12. Simple Future پہچأن:گے۔ گی۔گأ۔ ۔ Future Progressive پہچأن:ہوگی۔ رہی گأ۔ ھو ۔رہأ ۔ نگے رہےہو گأ۔ ھو نہیں تعین کأ وقت Future Perfect پہچأن: ہوگی۔ چکی ۔ گأ چکأھو لیأھو کر نگے۔ ہو چکے گأأ۔ لیأھو پی گأ۔ Future Perfect Progressive پہچأن:رہی گأ۔ ھو ۔رہأ ۔ نگے رہےہو ہوگی۔ گأ۔ ھو ألزمی تعین کأ وقت Simple Past پہچأن:گیأ۔ وہ ے۔ ی۔ أ۔ Past Progressive پہچأن:رہے تھی۔ رہی تھأ۔ ۔رہأ تھے۔ گأ۔ ھو نہیں تعین کأ وقت Past Perfect پہچأن:چکی تھأ۔ چکأ لیأ کر تھے۔ چکے تھی۔ تھأ۔ لیأ پی تھأ۔ Past Perfect Progressive پہچأن:تھی۔ رہی تھأ۔ ۔رہأ تھے۔ رہے گأ۔ ھو ألزمی تعین کأ وقت Simple Present پہچأن:ھے۔ تی ہے۔ تأ ھیں تے Present Progressive پہچأن:ہے۔ رہی ہے۔ ۔رہأ ۔ رہےہیں گأ۔ ھو نہیں تعین کأ وقت Present Perfect پہچأن:چکی ہے۔ ۔چکأ ہیں۔ چکے ہے۔ ہے۔ گیأ وہ Present Perfect Progressive پہچأن:ہے۔ رہی ہے۔ ۔رہأ ۔ رہےہیں گأ۔ ھو ألزمی تعین کأ وقت 12
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- 15. Recognition in English •Direct method • Convert your ideas into English 15
- 16. Simple Future Recognition: future plans, proposals, intentions FutureProgressive Recognition: action will continue in future Future Perfect Recognition: The action will be completed in future Future Perfect Progressive Recognition: Time limit is compulsory Simple Past Recognition: Past event at any time Past Progressive Recognition: action continued in past Past Perfect Recognition: Two Actions happened, the earlier action uses past perfect Past Perfect Progressive Recognition: Time limit is compulsory Simple Present Recognition: permanent character, habit, routine, universal truth Present Progressive Recognition: Action is happening now Present Perfect Recognition: The action has been completed just now. Present Perfect Progressive Recognition: Time limit is compulsory 16
- 17. Use of since,for in Perfect Progressive • Since: point of time Since yesterday, 1976, January, Monday, 6 o’clock, childhood, For: period of time For seven days, seven months, seven weeks, seven hours, seven centuries 17
- 18. Simple Present Tense(Additional Informtion) i. Positive sentence, ii. If subject is S Set (he, she, it, singular noun), s or es will be added with the 1st form of the verb. iii. If the verb ends on o, x, ch, sh, ss, add es with the 1st form of verb. He goes to school. She mixes water in milk. 18
- 19. Cont… • It catchesbirds. • My maid polishes my shoes. • My mother misses me. • Iv. If the verb does not end on o, x, ch, sh, ss, add s with the 1st form of verb. • He plays football. • She writes an email. 19
- 20. Cont… • If thesubject is 2nd set (I, we, you, they, plural nouns), do not add s or es. • Never use addition of s or es in interrogative or negative sentences. 20
- 21. Make 48 Sentences •Make 12 boxes • Use 2 pages • Write all separated features ( forms, Auxiliary verbs, recognition) of one tense in one box on your copy. • Convert 1 sentence into 48 sentences 21
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