The document provides information on English tenses including: - The simple present, past, and future tenses and their uses for describing habitual actions, completed past actions, and future actions. - The present, past, and future continuous tenses and their uses for describing ongoing actions at the moment, in the past, and in the future. - The present, past, and future perfect tenses and their uses for describing completed actions with relevance to the present, past, or future.

1. STATIC CHAOS
ABDUL HAKIM BIN WAN MOHD NOR
ILHAM KARIMI BINTI MAT ROF
NURSYAFIKA BINTI MOHD SHAHADAN
NURUL AKMAL BINTI BAHARUDIN
RAUDAH BINTI MAT ALI

3. The simple present tense is used for events or situations
that exist always, usually or habitually in the past, present
and future.
Regular habits and daily routines.
I usually exercise at 5.30 in the evening.
Angela Lam always goes for shows with her friends.
When does he usually come for a visit?
General statements of fact.
Birds fly.
The earth moves around the sun.
Water turns to ice at 0° Celsius.

4. Verbs used in the simple present tense have a
specified form for the first, second and third
person. Person here illustrates who or what does the
action.
• 1 st person or the self (e.g. I, we)
• 2 nd person or the person spoken to (e.g. you)
• 3 rd person or a person who is or are not present
(e.g. he, she, it, they)

5. The following table shows the verb form changes
according to the involved:
Person Pronouns Verbs
1st person I
singular drink
arrive
1st person plural We
2nd person
singular & You watch
plural
3rd person He eats
singular She walks
It hides
3rd person They read
plural

7. The simple past tense is used to describe activities
which began and ended at a specific time in the past.
Regular verbs in the simple past are formed by adding
‘-ed’ (e.g. walked, talked). Irregular verbs in the
simple past have various forms (e.g. went, ate). The
following time expressions are examples of a specific
point in time.
¤ last year ¤ yesterday
¤ in… (a year or month) ¤ ago
¤ when… (I was a boy, you are young)

8. Examples:
 We watched Twilight Breaking Dawn 2 last week.
 My father joined the company many years ago.
 Dato’ Faris bought a Aston Martin One-77 for his
wife in August forher birthday.
 She talked to her friend through SKYPE yesterday.
 I drove the go cart when I was teenager.

10. We use the simple future tense to talk about things that will be happen later.
The simple future tense is formed by adding ‘will’ to the main verbs e.g. will
dance, will jump, will shout. The simple future tense is used in the following
situations:
Situation Example
To promise i. I will take you to watch Lee Chong Wei play in
the Malaysia Open Final.
ii. She will take part in the Winter Olympics one
day.
To talk about unplanned i. Don’t worry, I will support you if any problem
action arise.
ii. It’s starting to shine. I will hang my clothes to
dry.
To make predictions based on i. It will rain this evening.
experience or intuition ii. Things will get better after sometime.
To describe habits i. Tony will bite his fingernails when he is
nervous.
ii. They will always make noise when their friends
are around.

11. Shall can also be used in the Simple Future Tense. It
is more formal than will.
Examples:
I. I shall never surrender!
II. We shall ensure that the victims will get
appropriate treatment.
III. We shall support the national team when they
play against Liverpool next Sunday.
IV. I shall invite the opposing team for tea after the
game.

13. The Present Continuous is mainly used
to express the idea that something is
happening at the moment of speaking.
Use subject + IS/ARE + ing
(continuous form)

14. For example:
1. They are working hard to earn money.
2. I am training to become a professional
footballer.
3. Mike is studying hard to become a
doctor.
4. Elizabeth is currently writing a
children's book titled I am the World.

16. The past continuous tense describes
actions or events in a time before now ,
which began in the past and was still
going on at the time of speaking. Use
subject + was/were + ing (continuous
form).

17. For example :
1. They were waiting for the bus when the
accident happened.
2. Caroline was skiing when she broke her
leg.
3. When we arrived he was having a bath.
4.When the fire started I was
watching television.

19. The use of 'will be doing' in a sentence is
often referred to as the future
continuous. It is used to talk about
activities that will be happening at a
particular time or over a particular time in
the future. Use subject + will be + ing.

20. For example:
 Next week we will be having a party. Can
you come?
You can also use it (or the present
continuous form) to talk about future
plans. For example:
 We will be leaving here at 7.30pm.

22. This tense emphasizes the duration
of an activity that began in the past
and continues into the present.
It often uses time words or phrases.
It may be used to refer to
continuing activity that is recent.

23. Have + base form + -ing
Has + baseform + -ing
It has been raining all day.
She has been living in London since 2008.
He has been painting houses all summer.
I have been studying English for 13 year.

25. The PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
TENSE indicates a continuous action that was
completed at some point in the past.
"I had been working in the garden all
morning. George had been painting his house
for weeks, but he finally gave up.“

26. Had + base form + -ing
I had been working .
He had been eating.
When the teacher arrive, I had been waiting
almost 10 minutes.
He was out of breath because he had been running
to catch the bus.

28. This tense emphasizes the duration of a
continuing activity in the future that ends before
another activity or time in the future.

29. Will have + (base form + -ing)
I will have been working.
She will have been eating.
By 2003 Janet will have been studying English
at CEC for 3 years.
By 9:45 tonight I will have been sitting in class
for 2 hours and 45 minutes.

31. The perfect continuous tense describes actions
that repeated over a period of time in the past,
are continuing in the present, and/or will
continue in the future.
The present perfect continuous tense tells you
about a continuous action that was initiated in the
past and finished at some point in the past;
however, the action has some relation to the
present time.

32. Use have/has + been + ing .
This tense is formed with the modal
"HAVE" or "HAS" (for third-person
singular subjects) plus "BEEN," plus the
present participle of the verb (with an -
ing ending):
1. It has been raining, and the street is still wet.
2. I have been running, and I am still tired.
3. She has been practicing the piano, and she is much
better now.

34. The past perfect continuous tense
illustrates a continuous action in the past
that was completed before another past
action.

35. Use had + been + ing .
This tense is formed with the modal
"HAD" plus "BEEN," plus the present
participle of the verb (with an -
ing ending):
1. It had been raining, and the street was still wet.
2. I had been running, and I was still tired.
3. She had been practicing the piano, and she had gotten
much better.

37. The future perfect continuous tense indicates a
continuous action that will be completed in the
future.

38. Use will + have + been + ing .
This tense is formed with the modal "WILL"
plus the modal "HAVE" plus "BEEN" plus the
present participle of the verb (with an -
ing ending):
1. By tonight, it will have been raining several hours, and the street
will be very wet.
2. By next summer, I will have been running for almost a year, and
I will be fit and healthy.
3. By the time of the concert, she will have been practicing the
piano for several months, and she will be much better.