The document discusses the 7 basic QC tools emphasized by Kaoru Ishikawa, who is known as the father of QC Circles. The 7 tools are: 1) Checksheet 2) Stratification 3) Histogram 4) Cause-Effect Diagram 5) Pareto Chart 6) Scatter Diagram 7) Control Chart. Ishikawa believed these 7 tools could solve 95% of problems. Each tool is then briefly defined, with examples of their uses in quality control and process improvement.

1. For Process Improvement
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7 QC TOOLS
TQM for better Future 🌍

2. The Basic 7 QC tools first emphasized by Kaoru
Ishikawa, a professor of engineering (applied
chemistry) at Tokyo University and the father of QC
Circles.
"The term '7 tools for QC' is named after the 7 tools
of the famous warrior, Benkei. Benkei owned 7
weapons, which he used to win all his battles.
Similarly, from my own experience, you will find that
you will be able to solve 95% of the problems
around you if you wisely use the 7 tools of QC."
-Kaoru Ishikawa (Father of QC Circle)
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3. 1 . C H E C K S H E E T
Check sheet, is basically a data
collection sheet, used to record data
for further processing.
The data collection sheet should be
pre-printed and highly systematic and
structured, such that identification of
problems becomes easier.
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4. 2 . S T R AT I F I C AT I O N
Stratification is the process of breaking
down or sorting a large database so that,
meaning subsets, classifications, or
groups can be developed.
The main reason is to clearly identify
‘what, when, where, how, who, and why’
of any problems.
It also called as Cluster Analysis.
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5. 3 . H I S TO G R A M
Histogram is the most commonly
used graph to show frequency
distribution.
The most commonly used graph for
showing frequency distributions, or
how often each different value in a
set of data occurs.
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6. 4 . C A U S E E F F E C T
D I A G R A M
Cause-Effect Diagram is also known as
Fishbone diagram and Ishikawa
Diagram.
This identifies one-by-one causes
(/factors) from brainstorming sessions
and then classified into groups i.e.,
4M1E. But the grouping can be varied.
The objective is finding out as many as
possible causes.
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7. 5 . PA R E TO C H A R T
According to Pareto Principle, “ about 20 percent of
causes/reasons are responsible for 80 percent
effects/defects”.
That means only few reasons are responsible for majority
of the problems.
These ‘few’ (20%causes) are known as Vital Few,
whereas the rest ‘many’ (80% causes) are known as
Trivial Many.
The objective of Pareto Chart is to identify the “Vital Few”
Causes.
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8. 6 . S C AT T E R
D I A G R A M
Scatter diagram is used to find
out the relationship between
two variables. If the variables
are correlated, the points will
fall along a line, or very closed
to line.
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9. 7 . C O N T R O L
C H A R T
Control Chart, the seventh tool of TQM, mostly used
in SQC/SPC. Also known as Shewhart Control Chart.
This chart helps in controlling the process, by
analyzing whether it goes ‘out-of-control’ or ‘in-
control’ situation.
An ‘out-of-control’ situation indicates necessity of
immediate intervention, in order to take it back to
normal ‘in-control’ situation.
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10. T H A N K YO U !
TQM for better Future 🌍
tqmforbetterfuture@gmail.com
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