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This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
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It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
5. Rasa satu daya ke atas / Feel an upward force
Bertambah / Increases
Bertambah / Increases
6. Semakin bertambah daya apungan
semakin banyak isipadu air
disesarkan
The higher the buoyant force the
larger the volume of water
displaced
Memecut / accelerates
7. W1 > W2
Berat objek dalam air lebih
rendah disebabkan daya apungan
dalam air. / Weight of object in
water is lower due to buoyant
force in water
8. Daya apungan ialah daya ke atas
yang bertindak apabila objek
direndam dalam bendalir
sepenuhnya atau sebahagian.
The buoyant force is an upward
force resulting from an object
being wholly or partially immersed
in a fluid.
10. • Isipadu air disesarkan = isipadu objek dalam air
• The volume of the immersed part on an object in
a liquid is EQUAL to the volume of the displaced
liquid.
11. It is very much easier to lift object when it is beneath the water
surface. Why?
12. Observe the shape of the fishing rod as the ship comes out of the water.
20. Weight of the object in the
air, W1 /N 2.2
Weight of the object in
water, W2 /N 2.0
Weight of the empty
beaker, W3 /N 0.11
Weight of the beaker and
water, W4 /N 1.31
Loss in weight of the
object , W1 –W2 /N 0.20
Weight of water displaced,
W4 –W3 /N 0.20
21. Sama / equal
Sama / equal
Sama / equal
Daya apungan = berat air disesarkan
buoyant force = weight water
displaced
23. Archimedes Principle
• Apabila objek direndam di dalam air sepenuhnya
atau separuh, daya apungan sama dengan berat air
yang disesarkan. “ When an object is immersed in a
fluid,the buoyant force is equal to the weight of
fluid displaced by the object.
24. 8 N 6 N
1 N
3 N
Lost in weight = bouyant force = 8 – 6 = 2 N
Weight of displaced water = 2 N = bouyant force
25. Daya apungan = berat air disesarkan
buoyant force = weight water displaced
FB = Wberat air disesarkan = Wwater displaced
FB = Wberat air disesarkan = Wwater displaced
= mg m = jisim air disesarkan
mass of water displaced
26. Daya apungan = ρVg
buoyant force = ρVg
Daya apungan = Wudara – Wair
buoyant force =
27. 65 – 30 = 35 N
35 N
Fb = ƿVg
1000 V 10 = 35
V = 3.5 x 10 -3 m3
Isipadu objek dlm air = isipadu air sesar
Volume of object immersed in water
= volume of water displaced
= 3.5 x 10 -3 m3
28. Buoyant force, B = ρVg = Berat di udara – berat dalam air
2.5 – 2.2 = ρ x 25 x 10-6 x 10
ρ = 1200 kg m-3
32. Weight of water displaced = Buoyant force
= weight of the boy + weight of the float
Weight of
iceberg =
Buoyant force
= Weight of sea
water displaced
33. Buoyant force = weight of object = 900 N
Daya apungan = berat objek = 900 N
Buoyant force = weight of water displaced = 900 N
Daya apungan = berat air disesarkan = 900 N
34. V = Ah = 0.08 x 4 x 10-4
= 3.2 x 10-5 m3
W = ρVg = 1000 x 0.000032 x 10
= 0.32 N
Daya apungan = 0.32 N
Daya apungan = berat tiub + berat plumbum
0.32 = (0.012 x 10) + Wpb
W = 0.32 – 0.12 = 0.20 N
Mass / jisim plumbum = 0.2/10 = 0.02 kg = 20 g
35. Buoyant force = weight of object
Daya apungan = berat objek
= 100 x 10 = 1000 N
36. Weight of fish in water is lighter
Berat ikan dalam air lebih ringan
Buoyant force only acts on the fish in
water.
Daya apungan hanya bertindak ke
atas ikan dalam air.
37. Berat kapal = Berat air laut disesarkan
Weight of ship = Weight of sea water displaced
38. Keluli lebih tumpat dari air. Sebongkah
keluli akan sesarkan sedikit isipadu air
sahaja
Steel is denser than water. A block of
steel will displaced a small volume of
water only
Daya apungan keluli kecil daripada berat
keluli. Oleh itu sebongkah keluli
tenggelam.
So the buoyant force acting on it is less
than its weight. Therefore it sinks.
39. Kapal keluli terapung atas air kerana ia
sesarkan isipadu air yang banyak.
A ship floats on the surface of the sea
because the volume of water displaced
by the ship is sufficiently large.
Berat air disesarkan sangat besar,
jadi daya apungan ke atas kapal
sangat besar.
The weight of water displaced is
large so the buoyant force acting on
the ship is large.
Berat kapal = berat air disesarkan
weight ship = weight of water
displaced.
40. Berat kapal = Berat air laut disesarkan
Weight of ship = Weight of sea water displaced
41. Aras bot dalam air laut lebih tinggi /
bot lebih tenggelam dalam air sungai
The level of the boat in the sea is higher
/ the bot sink deeper in the river.
Ketumpatan air sungai rendah
The river water is less dense
Isipadu air sungai disesarkan lebih
banyak.
The volumes of river water displaced is
greater.
42. Daya apungan adalah sama kerana bot
yang sama
Semakin kurang ketumpatan air, semakin
banyak air yang disesarkan.
Oleh itu bot tenggelam lebih dalam
sungai.
Buoyant force are equal because the
same bot.
the less dense the water, the greater
the water is displaced.
Therefore the bot submerged deeper in
the river.
43. Bot menyesarkan lebih banyak air bagi
mendapatkan daya apungan lebih
besar untuk menyokong berat
tambahan
The bot displaced more water to get
greater buoyant force in order to
support the extra weight.
44. Membantu menentukan aras selamat
bagi sebuah kapal untuk terapung
Help to determine the safe level for a
ship to float.
Terdapat perbezaan suhu air laut
berbeza. Oleh itu ketumpatan air laut
berbeza dengan lokasi.
The temperature of sea water different
so the density of sea water varies with
the location.
45. Ketumpatan air sungai lebih rendah, ia
tenggelam lebih dalam.
The density of river water is lower, so it
sinks deeper.
Pada musim sejuk, ketumpatan air laut
tinggi, bahagian kapal yang tenggelam
kurang. (sesarkan sedikit air)
During winter, the density of sea water
is higher (cold), so the ship sink lower
in water.
46. Mengawal kedudukan dan kedalaman
kapal selam dalam air dengan
mengawal kuantiti air diisi.
Control the position and depth of
submarine in water by controlling the
quantity of water filled.
Apabila air diisi dalam tangka ballast,
berat kapal selam bertambah, ia
tenggelam.
Apabila air dikeluarkan, daya apungan
lebih besar dari berat, ia naik ke atas
When filled with water, weight is
bigger, so the submarine sink.
When water is removed, buoyant force
is bigger than the weight, it rises up.
47. Mengukur ketumpatan cecair
Measure the density of liquid
Hidrometer terapung tegak
Hidrometer floats vertically upward.
Daya apungan yang besar
Greater buoyant force
Dapat mengesan perubahan kecil / lebih peka
Can detect small change / more sensitif
48. Daya apungan sama kerana berat
hydrometer yang sama. Berat objek
sama dengan daya apungan bila objek
terapung.
Sama buoyant force because weight of
hydrometer is same. Weight of object =
buoyant force when object floats.
Hydrometer akan sesarkan banyak air,
jadi lebih tenggelam.
Hydrometer will displaced more water,
so it sinks deeper.
Cecair A lebih tumpat
Liquid A is denser
49. Berat dan daya apungan
Weight and buoyant force
Ketumpatan udara di dalam belon kurang tumpat
The density of air in the balloon is lower
Panaskan udara di dalam,
besarkan saiz belon
Heat the air in the balloon
Increases the size of the balloon
50. Untuk menambahkan isipadu udara
yang disesarkan, oleh itu daya apungan
bertambah. F = ρVg
To increases the volume of air displaced,
so the buoyant force is greater
Sama / equal
51. Belon naik ke atas
The balloon rises up
Belon terapung pegun di udara.
The balloon floats stationary in the air.
52. FB = 1.3 x 2080 x 10 = (1900 x 10) + WTambahan
W = 8 040 N
