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3D Printing
3D printing is an additive manufacturing process that creates three-dimensional objects from digital models through successive layers of material. Its benefits include digital object storage, customization, and potential applications in organ manufacturing and housing construction. However, there are ethical concerns regarding its use for illegal activities, such as producing firearms.
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3D Printing
- 2. WHAT IS 3DPRINTING? 3D printing is a process of making a three- dimensional solid object of virtually any shape from a digital model. 3D printing is achieved using an additive process, where successive layers of material are laid down in different shapes. 3D printing is also considered distinct from traditional machining techniques, which mostly rely on the removal of material by methods such as cutting or drilling (subtractive processes).
- 3. WHY USE 3DPRINTING? • Digital object storage • Digital object delivery • More local manufacturing • Reduced materials wastage • Increased customization
- 4. The first working3D printer was created in 1984 by Chuck Hull of 3D Systems Corp. For many years 3D printing has been used in rapid prototyping and to help produce mold masters. But more recently pioneers such as freedom of creation and make eye wear have begun to use 3D printers to digitally manufacture final product or parts. This means that it's already possible to purchase spectacles, furniture and many other items that have been 3d-printed and this trend is set to continue. Today 3D printers can build items in a wide variety of materials including plastics, metals, glass, concrete and even chocolate. WHEN DID IT BEGIN?
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- 6. There are basicallytwo ways of 3D printing objects. Some technologies achieve this by extruding a multi material such as standard plastic from a print head nozzle. Other technologies lay down successive layers of powder but to selectively fuse solid with a laser beam or some other heat source or else bonded with a spray or adhesive. HOW DOES IT WORK?
- 7. Fused deposition modelinguses a plastic filament or metal wire that is wound on a coil and unreeled to supply material to an extrusion nozzle, which turns the flow on and off. The nozzle heats to melt the material and can be moved in both horizontal and vertical directions by a numerically controlled mechanism that is directly controlled by a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software package. The model or part is produced by extruding small beads of thermoplastic material to form layers as the material hardens immediately after extrusion from the nozzle. Stepper motors or servo motors are typically employed to move the extrusion head. With the expiration of patent on this technology there is now a large open- source development community this type of 3D printer (e.g. RepRaps) and many commercial and DIY variants, which have dropped the cost by two orders of magnitude. EXTRUSION DEPOSITION
- 9. Another 3D printingapproach is the selective fusing of materials in a granular bed. The technique fuses parts of the layer, and then moves the working area downwards, adding another layer of granules and repeating the process until the piece has built up. This process uses the unfused media to support overhangs and thin walls in the part being produced, which reduces the need for temporary auxiliary supports for the piece. A laser is typically used to sinter the media into a solid. Examples include selective laser sintering (SLS), with both metals and polymers (e.g. PA, PA-GF, Rigid GF, PEEK, PS, Alumide, Carbonmide, elastomers), and direct metal laser sintering (DMLS). GRANULAR MATERIALS BINDING
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- 12. Dying patients couldsomeday receive a 3D-printed organ made from their own cells rather than wait on long lists for the short supply of organ transplants. Such a futuristic dream remains far from reality, but university labs and private companies have already taken the first careful steps by using 3D-printing technology to build tiny chunks of organs. Regenerative medicine has already implanted lab-grown skin, tracheas and bladders into patients body parts grown slowly through a combination of artificial scaffolds and living human cells. By comparison, 3D-printing technology offers both greater speed and computer-guided precision in printing living cells layer by layer to make replacement skin, body parts and perhaps eventually organs such as hearts, livers and kidneys. 3D PRINTED ORGANS!
- 13. One day astronautsmay actually press a couple of buttons on a machine that will print a delicious home cooked dinner for them. Sound crazy? Well it's not. The future is here, with the prototype release of a 3D printer that can print food in the US. Food printing offers a range of potential benefits. A food printer opens the door to fully personalized food since products can be made that are perfectly in tune with individual needs and preferences. The printer can also ensure that your personal meal is made at exactly the right moment in time so that you come home to a fresh, healthy meal. 3D PRINTED FOOD
- 14. At a TEDtalk in Ojai, Calif., Behrokh Khoshnevis, director of the Manufacturing Engineering Graduate Program at the University of Southern California, said nearly 1 billion people in the world don’t have access to adequate shelter, a situation that breeds poverty, disease, illiteracy, crime and overpopulation. To address this problem, Khoshnevis is developing a process called Contour Crafting to use 3D printing technology to build entire houses. Khoshnevis said the giant 3D printers his team is developing can build a 2,500-square-foot house in as little as 20 hours. The Contour Crafting 3D printers could even do the electrical work, plumbing, tiling, finishing work and painting. 3D PRINTED HOUSES
- 15. What would happenif you have a technology to print anything? While there is a big bright side to this technology but there is also a dark side. Because some people might intend to use this technology for illegal purposes like making guns. Enter Cody R. Wilson. Wilson is a 25-year- old University of Texas law student working to build semiautomatic weapons using 3D printers. Wilson posted an Indiegogo pitch video demonstrating his intended use for a newly-acquired Stratasys 3D printer, which Stratasys subsequently repossessed. As making gun is obviously illegal if you don’t have a license so this guy is making gun parts which are crucial in making guns. And he is not the only one. There are many like him. Who knows what will happen. 3D PRINTED GUNS
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