This is the presentation which I presented for my talk on the 'Advancements of Additive Manufacturing' which was conducted by Bangalore Institute of Technology as a 5 day Faculty Development program. We received a great response and had about 300 attendees across the country. The presentation covers a few upcoming and interesting developments in the field of 3D Printing. There is a lot of innovation happening around but tried to compile the most interesting developments for the hour long presentation. Open to any feedback and suggestions!

1. ADVANCEMENTS IN
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
By-
Daivik Mahamuni,
Co-founder,
Crennovations 3D

2. What is Additive Manufacturing?
• Additive Manufacturing refers to a
process by which digital 3D design
data is used to build up a
component in layers by depositing
material.
• Objects can be of almost any shape
or geometry and are produced
from digital model data.
• It has a wide variety of
technologies, materials and
finishes available.
• Can be used for short batch
manufacturing and customized
parts.

3. WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF
3D PRINTING?

4. FUSED DEPOSITION MODELLING ( FDM ) :
WORKING PRINCIPLE :
A plastic filament is extruded from a hot end which heats it to the melting point and it
solidifies at room temperature once extruded.
SUPPORT
STRUCTURES

5. FUSED DEPOSITION MODELLING ( FDM ) :

6. STEREOLITHOGRAPHY( SLA ) :
WORKING PRINCIPLE :
An ultraviolet laser is used to cure a photosensitive resin in a layer by layer format to
build the part. The path the laser traces solidifies in each layer.
SUPPORT
STRUCTURES

7. STEREOLITHOGRAPHY( SLA ) :

8. SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING( SLS ) :
WORKING PRINCIPLE :
A high power carbon dioxide laser is used to fuse small particles of polymer powder to
create these parts.
SELF SUPPORTED
BY POWDER

9. SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING( SLS ) :

10. DIRECT METAL LASER SINTERING( DMLS ) :
WORKING PRINCIPLE :
A 200 watt ytterbium – fiber laser is used to fuse small particles of metal powder to
create these parts.
SUPPORT
STRUCTURES

11. DIRECT METAL LASER SINTERING( DMLS ) :

12. WHEN AND WHERE DID 3D
PRINTING BEGIN?

13. HISTORY OF ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING :
YEAR : 1981
TECHNOLOGY : Stereolithography
COUNTRY : Japan
Due to issues with funding, was not
able to complete the patent
process before the one-year
deadline.
HIDEO KODAMA ALAIN LE MÉHAUTÉ
YEAR : 1984
TECHNOLOGY : Stereolithography
COUNTRY : France
Filed for a patent in 1984, but
without proper funding, abandoned
the project due to lack of
applications.
YEAR : 1984 ( 3 weeks after Alain )
TECHNOLOGY : Stereolithography
COUNTRY : USA
Filed for a patent in 1984, and was
granted in 1986. He founded the
company 3D Systems which is a
leader today in SLA machines.
CHARLES HULL

14. HISTORY OF ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING :
YEAR : 1988
TECHNOLOGY : Selective Laser Sintering
COUNTRY : USA
At his lab in Austin, conducted
experiments and succeeded. His
first SLS printer was called ‘Betsy’.
CARL DECKARD JOE BEAMAN
YEAR : 1989
TECHNOLOGY : Fused Deposition Modelling
COUNTRY : USA
Filed for a patent in 1989. He cofounded
the company Stratasys which is a leader
today in FDM machines.
SCOTT CRUMP
YEAR : 1988
TECHNOLOGY : Selective Laser Sintering
COUNTRY : USA
Along with Carl Deckard, he started
a SLS machine manufacturing
company called ‘Nova Automation’

15. WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF 3D
PRINTING?

16. DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE
MANUFACTURING

17. TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION:
• It is a process of design where the
product is analyzed for removal of
excess material.
• The outer form of the object is
maintained through the process of
topology optimization while maintaining
boundary load conditions.

18. TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION SOFTWARES:
TOFFEE AM

19. APPLICATION OF DESIGN FOR
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

20. 3D PRINTED PISTONS BY MAHLE:

21. 3D PRINTED PISTONS:
• Freedom to create Bionic Designs which
involves inspiration from methods and
structures available in nature.
• Internal cooling channel has been
created to improve heat transfer and
increase performance.
• Pistons can be manufactured on
demand which avoids stocking up an
inventory.
• This design has led to a weight reduction
by 10% and an added performance of 30
BHP.

22. 3D PRINTED PISTONS:

23. UPCOMING ADDITIVE
TECHNOLOGIES

24. HARP – AZUL 3D:

25. HARP – AZUL 3D:
TOFFEE AM

26. HARP – AZUL 3D:
• HARP stands for High Area Rapid
Prototyping and is developed by
researchers at Northwestern University,
Illinois.
• It is a type of Digital Light Processing
conceptually. But is much faster and has
various material options.
• Claims to print 457.2mm per hour with a
build volume of 304 x 304 x 1219 mm.
• It uses fluorinated oil which acts like
liquid Teflon and is passed over the
projection window to remove heat
which enables its speed.

27. ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
FOR CONSTRUCTION

28. 3D PRINTED HOUSING:
Icon build – House in Mexico Wasp Gaia – House at the cost of an iPhone

29. 3D PRINTED HOUSING COMPANIES:
APIS COR ICON BUILDWASP

30. MARSHA – AI SPACEFACTORY:

31. MARSHA – AI SPACEFACTORY:
• This team won Nasa’s 3D Printed
habitat contest and secured 500,000 $.
• They built a 15 foot tall prototype of
Marsha using a 3D printer in over 30
hours and 3 days without human
assistance.
• With a vision to colonize mars, they are
creating a large scale FDM printer for
being able to create these vertical pods.
• These pods will soon be available to
stay in New York at prices varying from
175$ to 500$.

32. MARSHA – AI SPACEFACTORY:
• In terms of choice of materials, they are
using a mixture of Basalt fiber and
Polylactic Acid(PLA).
• Basalt fiber can be extracted from
Martian Rock and can be processed
from plants grown on Mars.
• This recyclable polymer composite has
outperformed concrete in Nasa’s
strength , durability and crush testing.
• It is 3 times more durable in
compression and 5 times more durable
than concrete in freeze thaw
conditions.

33. ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
FOR AEROSPACE

34. SPACE - X:

35. SPACE - X:

36. RELATIVITY SPACE:
• A company which uses the process of
Direct energy deposition (DED) to
build its fully 3D printed rockets.
• They use a type of DED which involves
a metal wire and a high power laser to
melt and deposit that material.
• The printer they developed, ‘Stargate’
uses robotic arms and needs no
human intervention while printing.
• They are able to shorten the time to
build a rocket to as low as 60 days and
drastically reduce part count.

37. RELATIVITY SPACE:

38. ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS

39. 4D BIOPRINTING:

40. 4D BIOPRINTING:
Drugs tested in labs Drugs tested on animals

41. 4D BIOPRINTING:
Today,90% drugs fail
from pre-clinical trials
to clinical use.

42. ORGAN PRINTING:
• Researchers in Tel Aviv, Israel have
successfully 3D printed a human heart.
• It was the first time a fully-
vascularized human heart was
entirely 3D printed using human
cells.
• The human cells were taken from
the test subject’s fatty tissue and
reformed to become stem cells.
• These new “cardiac” cells were
mixed with inorganic materials to
make bioinks that were finally 3D
printed.

43. ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
FOR FOOD

44. 3D PRINTED STEAK:
• Redefine meat is a company with a
mission to 3D print Beef.
• Their patent pending process can
create this meat with the same
texture , flavor and appearance
from natural ingredients.
• They have a 95% smaller
environmental impact, no
cholesterol and is more
affordable.
• They will soon be creating other
kinds of plant based meats with
beef being the first.

45. 3D PRINTED KFC NUGGETS:
• KFC in Russia has collaborated with
a local bioprinting company called
3D Bioprinting Solutions.
• They are now exploring ways on
how they can do it on an
industrial scale for a chain like
KFC.
• KFC is exploring the possibility to
replace and reduce the expense
of raising animals for meat.
• They are going to be a pioneer for
3D printed meat in their sector.

46. 3D PRINTED FOODS:

47. 3D FOOD PRINTERS:
Natural Machines - Foodini Focus 3D Food Printer

48. CONCLUDING THOUGHTS:
• 3D Printing has been rapidly developing in terms of speed, materials and
applications.
• Due to the versatility of the technology it is applicable to almost all industrial
sectors.
• We are far away from a time where additive manufacturing replaces
traditional manufacturing since they both have their own individual pros and
cons.
• Through innovation in design for additive manufacturing, we will be able to
utilize the technology to its true capabilities.
• 3D printing in the medical sector could someday print organs on demand
which would increase the overall life expectancy of our civilization.

49. THANK YOU!
OPEN TO QUESTIONS.

50. .
Crennovations 3D
Unit no. 111, 1st floor,
Sanjay Mittal Industrial
estate , building No .2,
Marol,Mumbai-400059
Email id- engineering@crennovations.com
Contact number:-
Abhilash Chauhan Daivik Mahamuni
Co-founder Co-founder
+91 9833542934 +919665711386