Biological compounds include polymers, nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and steroids. Polymers are large molecules composed of smaller repeating units called monomers. Nucleic acids like DNA and RNA contain sugars, phosphates, and nucleotides. Proteins are formed from amino acid monomers linked by peptide bonds. Carbohydrates like glucose are made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. Lipids include fats and oils composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen without a 1:2:1 ratio. Steroids contain cholesterol, hormones, and vitamin D.

1. Biological Compounds

2. Polymer - when smaller molecules are hooked together to make a new very large molecule. Monomer - a small molecule. Many monomers make up a polymer. Monomer Polymer

3. Nucleic Acids- organic compounds that consist of sugar, phosphate and a nucleotide. Ex: DNA and RNA

5. Nucleotides

6. Protein - large organic polymer formed by many organic monomers called amino acids. All proteins contain an amine group (NH 2 ) and a carboxyl group. These groups combine together to make a peptide. The bond between them is called a peptide bond.

7. Carboxyl group Amine group Peptide Peptide Bond Making of Protein

8. Carbohydrates - organic compounds that consist of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. There are 2 times as many hydrogens than carbon and oxygen. Ex: C 6 H 12 O 6 Glucose 1:2:1

9. Sugars are major type of carbohydrates. Sugars are monomers while starches are polymers. Carbohydrates are energy sources. Glucose Starch

10. How Glucose is Formed

11. Lipid - organic compound that consist of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. Does not have a 1:2:1 ratio.

12. Lipids include fats and oils. They are made up of the same way but different because fats are solids and oils are liquid. Fat-Lard Oil

13. Triglycerides

14. Steroids are also considered a lipid. Steroids include cholesterol, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, cortisone and Vitamin D. Cholesterol