2nd sem

1. PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND
HEALTH GRADE 11 HEALTH
OPTIMIZING PHYSICAL
EDUCATION (H.O.P.E. 2)
2ND TOPIC

2. INTRODUCTION TO SPORT

3. HISTORY OF SPORTS
• The documented history of sports retracted way back 3,000 years ago. In the early
days, sports often involved the preparation for war or training as a hunter, which
explains why so many early games involved the throwing of spears, stakes, and
rocks, and sparring one-on-one with opponents.
• With the first Olympic Games in 776 BC—, which included events such as foot
and chariot races, wrestling, jumping, discus and javelin throwing—the Ancient
Greeks introduced formal sports to the world. The following by no means
exhaustive list looks at the beginnings and evolution of some of today's most
popular sporting pastimes.

5. FOUNDATION
• Sports has historically played an important role in the society, in the form of
physical activities or competitive sport. UNESCO in 1978 described sport and
physical education as a “fundamental right for all”, hence that must be imposed
worldwide. Sport has been increasingly recognized and used as a high-impact
and low-cost tool in development and peace-building efforts. Sport has a unique
power to attract, inspire and mobilize. Sport is a powerful tool to strengthen
social integration, to promote ideals of peace, fraternity, solidarity, and justice.

6. • Most sports today only developed their current form during the 19th and 20th century,
though mostly adopted their origins from primitive sports and recreation of ancient
times.
• Participating in organized sports have been shown to improve health, fitness and
academic performance, and it also relieve stress and teach important lessons like good
sportsmanship, teamwork, and perseverance. One of the important characteristics of the
combination of sports and education is that teenagers can be both intellectual, educated
and physically trained to attain athletic excellence. Because physical education and
sports represents an important element of education and training, the purpose is to
form a strong conception in youth regarding the practice of physical exercise and to
value the budget of leisure for a cyanogenic, educational and recreational purpose.

7. SPORTS
• is part of every culture, however, culture has its own definition of sports. The most
known connotation of sports is into play, games, and contests.
• The sports objective in school is to cultivate the experience of the students in the
context of education. As such, it should be educational contributing to the
holistic development of every student on citizenship, sportsmanship, fair play,
teamwork, respect, health and welfare. These however, should be imparted
through necessary methods to help students apply it into adulthood.

8. DEFINITION OF SPORTS
• The “product” of sport is sport performances
• • Sports provide the thrill of victory and agony of defeat.
• • Sports is an activity that requires physical actions and skills where individuals or teams compete under a set of
rules.
• • Sport is defined as all forms of physical activity which, through casual or organized participation, aim at
expressing or improving physical fitness and mental well-being, forming social relationships, or obtaining results in
competitions at all levels. • Sports free time activities are now widely accepted as fundamental elements of good
quality life.
• • Some sports allow a tie or draw in which there is no single winner others provide tie breaking methods to ensure
one winner and one loser • Sports is generally recognized as system of activities.
• • Sports is usually governed by a set of rules or customs, which serve to ensure fair competition and allow
consistent adjudication of the winner.
• • Sport is also a major source of entertainment of non-participants with spectator sport drawing large crowd to
sport venues and reaching wider audiences through broadcasting.
• • Sports helps us a lot in maintaining our health as well as our personality • Sports develop an overall aptitude for
facing challenges in life • Sport is a competition with an unpredictable result

9. 2 TYPES OF GAMES
• INDOOR GAMES: the game played inside a building or gymnasium are called
indoor games.
• • OUTDOOR GAMES: are the athletic or sporting games that involves physical
activity and are generally played outside in an open area.

10. TYPE AND KIND OF SPORTS
• 1. Ball Sports - any sports that involves and use balls.
• -- divided into two classifications, which are the ball only and ball with a stick or
bat

13. 2. STRENGTH AND COMBAT sports-are sports that involve
strength and fighting. some examples of sports that are strength –
based includes:

15. 3. TRACK AND ENDURANCE sports-track and endurance
sports is another type of sports which exists in this field.
under the track sports are the:

16. • Under the endurance sports some examples are duathlon consists of biking and
running, and the triathlon, consisting of swimming, biking, and running are some
examples of this type of sports. The decathlon, which consists of running, long
jump and high jump, hurdling, throwing such as javelin throw, discus throw, and
shot put is under the endurance sports as well.

17. SPORT IS CLASSIFIED INTO:
• 1. Individual sports-- are those sports where only one athlete competes for
his/her own side. Many track and field and swimming events are example of
individual competitions, where one athlete is solely responsible for winning or
losing.
• - Instill higher levels of self-reliance, discipline, and passion in athletes. Winning
or losing is entirely up to you, and every competition is a chance to beat your
personal best.
• - Your success and your failure are entirely your own. This can improve self-
confidence and independence in all areas of life, as you know that you can
succeed on your own merits. You do not have teammates to rely on, or share the
burden of a loss, this may cause you to be more self-aware and motivate you to
work harder and succeed.

18. DUAL SPORTS
• - are played by two people in a team striving together.
• - It requires cooperation and teamwork.

19. TEAM SPORTS
• - Played by three or more players.
• - Involve organized groups of players competing against each other
• - Promote cooperation, no matter the individual talents of the players, working
together and rely on your teammates to succeed.
• - Promotes good sportsmanship and helps to put winning into perspective. Being
a score loser is common, particularly among only children, or those who have
never played a team sport

20. BENEFITS OF TEAM SPORTS
• • It provides you with a way to meet new people and expand your social network.
• • Team sports provide you with a sense of camaraderie with your teammates, as
you work together to achieve victory.
• • Playing a team sport can be beneficial. It can help them set aside their personal
desires to help the team.
• • They can also learn that hard work and perseverance can help them achieve
their goals, dreams and learn valuable lesson that they can carry throughout life

21. CLASSIFICATION OF SPORTS;
• ✓ Physical Sports: - an athletic activity requiring skill or physical powers and often of a competitive
nature such as lawn tennis, wrestling, baseball and running
• How physical sports affect our health?
• The physical benefits of playing sports are numerous
• • Exercise in general controls weight by burning calories, improves the functioning of the
cardiovascular system, placing a lower strain on the hearts, and increases an athlete’s energy level
while improving the quality of sleep.
• • It also provides longer-term benefits, such as the reduced risk diseases like cardiovascular disease
and diabetes, reduces the level of body fat, improves the cholesterol makeup of the athlete’s
bloodstream, and makes the bones and muscles stronger.
• • Can increase self-esteem and reduce depression and anxiety. We also know that physical activity
performed in an outdoor space can improve cognitive performance, self-esteem and reduce anxiety.

22. • ✓ Mental Sport:- a mind sport is a game of skill where the mental component is
more significant than the physical such as chess, archery, etc.
• Benefits of mental sports • Improves mood • Improves concentration • Reduce
stress Some of the important aspects to consider in learning a sport:
• 1. History
• 2. Court dimension/venue
• 3. Equipment and gear
• 4. Technical and tactical skills
• 5. Rules of the Game 6. Officiating

23. SOME OF THE CONSIDERATIONS THAT WILL GUIDE AN
INDIVIDUAL IN THEIR CHOICE OF SPORTS INCLUDE:
• 1. Weather extremities (hot or cold) for an outdoor sports activity.
• 2. Enjoyment derived from the activity
• 3. Previous activities tried and enjoyed.
• 4. Financial capacity or budget. Activities like skating, golf and scuba diving require
financial investment on equipment and actual activity.
• 5. State of health and level of fitness. Demand of physical activity may be excessive for
the body. Having a conditioning is recommended.
• 6. Other alternative activities that will give motivation.

24. ASSESSMENT: ½ CW
• Part 1. INSTRUCTION: Identify if the following sports is under Individual and Dual
Sports or Teams sports.

25. PART 2
INSTRUCTION: MATCH THE SPORTS IN COLUMN A TO
THE DIFFERENT CONCEPTS IN COLUMN B.

26. PART3. MULTIPLE CHOICE:
• Direction: Choose the correct answer by writing the LETTER of your choice, use
CAPITAL letters only.
• 1. When was the first recorded Olympics held?
• a. 825 BC b. 776 BC c. 320 BC d. 80 AD
• 2. Which of the following is played by two people in a team striving together?
• a. Individual sports b. Dual sports c. Team Sports d. Triad Sports

27. • 3. Free throw is associated with
• a. Volleyball b. Football c. Basketball d. Cricket
• 4. How many players are there in a team sport?
• a. 1 b. 3 or more c. 2 d. None of the above
• 5. Which of the following is a benefit of Mental sport?
• a. It provides you with a way to meet new people and expand your social network.
• b. Improve strength and fighting skills.
• c. It improves your ability to focus and improve your mood
• d. Instill higher levels of self-reliance, discipline, and passion in athletes.

28. • 6. The term Pitcher is associated with: a. Wrestling b. Boxing c. Baseball d.
Basketball
• 7. What year did UNESCO described sport and physical education as a “fundamental right for all”?
• a. 1880 b. 1890 c. 1978 d. 1988
• 8. Bowling is what type of sport?
• a. Ball sports b. Track endurance sports c. Strength and combat sports d. Team
sports
• 9. What are the five colors of the Olympics rings?
• a. Blue, yellow, black, green, and red c. Green, black, grey, blue, and red
• b. Red, white, pink, green and yellow d. Black, grey, white, blue, and yellow
• 10.What activity that requires physical actions and skills where individuals or teams compete under
a set of rules? a. Sports b. Olympics c. Individual sports d.
Team sports