Unit 13. Sport in society

1. SPORT IN SOCIETY
UNIT 13
4 GRADE OF SECONDARY
2021-2022

2. INDEX
• WHAT IS SPORT
• SPORT IN CHILDHOOD
• SPORT FOR ALL
• HIGH PERFORMANCE SPORT
• SOCIAL ASPECTS OF SPORT. Doping.

3. SPORT
• WHAT IS SPORT?
• Sport is not an isolated or secondary
activity in people's lives.
• In our society it has become an everyday
thing.
• advertising continuously offers sport-
related images.
• DEFINITIONS:
• José María Cagigal: sport is a liberal,
spontaneous and disinterested form of
recreation, an expansion of the spirit and the

4. SPORT
• WHAT IS SPORT?
• DEFINITIONS:
• Pierre Parlebas: sport is any human activity
that involves significant motor action.
• World Manifiesto on Sport (UNESCO,
1968):
sport is called physical activity with the
character of play,
which takes the form of a struggle with
oneself or with others or constitutes a
confrontation with the natural elements.
In addition, it must be done with a sportin
g

5. SPORT
• WHY DO WE PRACTICE SPORT?
• Good health and fitness.
• Social relationships.
• It is sociabilizing: submission to
rules, encourages the spirit of fair
play and respect for the other.
• Free time, fun and hobby.
• Job or professional activity

6. SPORT
• WHEN SPORT APPEARED?
• Events and factors that have contributed to the
spread of sport:
• ENGLAND (Thomas Arnold, 1828): sport (Rugby)
was included in schools to promote moral
qualities and effort.
• EUROPE (1800) methods and schools that
encouraged the practice of physical exercise:
• Germany (Ludwig Jahn): invented an exercise
system with a wide range of equipment.
• Sweden (Pier Henrik Ling): developed Swedish
gymnastics.
• Paris (Francisco Amarós): gym with many
obstacles (walls, hedges, bars…)

7. SPORT
• WHEN SPORT APPEARED?
• Events and factors that have contributed to
the spread of sport:
• Clubs, regional, national or international
federations, committees and associations.
Hierarchical structures with links and
relationships. Unification of rules and
competitions.
• The Olympic Movement (23rd June 1894) Pierre
de Coubertin formed the world's first global
sports organisation: International Olympic
Committee.
• Society's view of sport as a way of promoting
health: physical and mental.

8. SPORT IN CHILDHOOD
• There are different types of sport
depending on their purpose and the
people they are aimed at.
SPORT
School-age sport
•Educational and healthy
•Recreational and social
relationship
Sport for all
•Free time and hobby
•Sport as own social sphere
•Pleasure
•Recreational or competitive
High performance sport
•Competitive
•Professional activity
•Way of representing a country

9. SPORT IN CHILDHOOD
• Why children should play sport?
• Physical activity contributes to the
development of the child, the fine-tuning of
the body and the improvement of the
coordination of movements.
• The emotional and cognitive experiences of
sport stimulate their intelligence,
developing their powers of observation,
creativity, coordination, sense of balance,
space and time, as well as logic. In addition,
it promotes social relations with others and

10. SPORT IN CHILDHOOD
•what is the purpose of children's
sport?
• Harmonious development of physical and
psychomotor skills.
• Sport oriented primarily towards the game
and the development of basic abilities or
technical sporting skills.
• The rules are adapted to each age group
and competition is only a way to improve
day by day.

11. SPORT FOR ALL
•why is sport for all promoted?
• In the way of life of people in so-called
leisure societies, sport is more than just a
way of occupying leisure time, for while it is
still a universal cultural good, it has also
become a consumer product.
• Sport is closely linked to quality of life and
contributes to improving people's health.

12. SPORT FOR ALL
•what is the purpose of sport for all?
• Nowadays, there is a growing demand for a
sport where participation is more important
than competition.

13. HIGH PERFORMANCE
SPORT
•What is its propuse?
• High performance sport aims to develop the
maximum possibilities in a certain
speciality with the intention of achieving
victory in competition.
• For many sportsmen and sportswomen,
sport is a professional activity that occupies
a large part of their time.
• The competition is organised by federative
institutions on the basis of official rules, the
application of which is supervised by a
sports discipline committee.

14. HIGH PERFORMANCE
SPORT
•CHARACTERISTICS:
• Less people are practising it.
• Age is a limiting factor.
• Record-breaking, best marks, which allows
to compare sportsmen and women all over
the world.
• High cost of installations and complex and
sophisticated equipment.
• professional sport is often linked to
spectacle sport with political, social and

15. SOCIAL ASPECTS OF
SPORT
•The relationship between profesional
sport and spectator sport.
Professio
nal
sportsper
son Competitio
n/
match
spectacl
e
Audien
ce
Econom
ic
benefit Advertising
Marketing

16. SOCIAL ASPECTS OF
SPORT
•Consequences:
• As sport becomes a spectacle, victory is a
priority, leading to cheating and breaking
the rules of the game. They even resort to
violence or put performance before the
health of the sportsman or woman.

17. SOCIAL ASPECTS OF
SPORT
• the media focus on top-level sport because
athletes represent their country in
international competitions, and because of
the influence of other factors such as
marketing, advertising, entertainment and
the public.
• The media sometimes distort the image of
sport, transmitting a hard and competitive
vision of sport, within the reach of a few,
emphasising success and rivalry more than

18. SOCIAL ASPECTS OF
SPORT
•What is doping? Why is it harmful?
• Doping is the knowing administration of
prohibited substances, substances likely to
damage health, in order to artificially increase
an athlete's physical capabilities.
• Doping increases the athlete's potential, but
once the effects are over, if the drug is not
taken again, the athlete falls into a state of
fatigue or depression. It therefore leads to
addiction and a serious decrease in health.

19. NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF DOPING:
• Addiction
• Hormonal disorders
• Metabolic disorders
• Severe illnesses
• Doping manifests a lack of moral values, it
is against fair play and fair competition.
Athletes who dope cheat: they cheat their
opponents because they are not competing
on a level playing field.

20. WHY DO SOME ATHLETES DOPE?
• Pressure on the athlete (the media, supporters,
opponents…)
• Increasingly stringent/hard training
programmes and competitions.
• The athlete sees that his physical capacities
are not enough to be the best.
• Economic interests.
• Prestige/reputation (club, athlete, country…)
• Coach or sports doctor

21. DOPING SUBSTANCES
• STIMULANTS: increase attention and reduce
the feeling of tiredness
• ANABOLIC STEROIDS: increase muscle mass.
Raising their levels in the blood could help
athletes to increase muscle size and strength
• DIURETICS: they lose body fluid through urine.
They can also help athletes lose weight, which
they could use to their advantage in sports
where they need to qualify in a particular
weight category.
• BLOOD DOPING: transfusion of blood rich in
red blood cells increases oxygen consumption.