This document discusses the benefits of the American Development Model (ADM) for youth sports. It begins by outlining some commonly believed myths about early specialization, deliberate practice, and the "10,000 hour rule" that are contradicted by research. The ADM promotes sampling multiple sports at a young age and delaying specialization to reduce injury risk and allow well-rounded development. The document provides strategies for implementing ADM principles through child-centered programming, coaching education, and marketing youth sports in a way that emphasizes participation over early specialization.
Special Olympics Great Britain introductionStreetGames
‘Unified Sports breaks down barriers and brings people together. It’s about
inclusion and celebrating our differences.’
Coach:
‘Unified Sports is about ability not disability. It’s about friendship, fun and
fair play for all.’
Parent:
‘My child loves Unified Sports. It gives them confidence and a sense of
belonging. They are just like any other young person who loves sport.’
So in summary, Unified Sports is about inclusion, ability not disability,
friendship, fun and fair play for all.
The document summarizes the Khelo India program, which was introduced to revive sports culture in India at the grassroots level. The program aims to identify and support talented young athletes. Key aspects include Prime Minister Modi inaugurating the first Khelo India school games in 2018, with the goal of making rural, indigenous, and tribal sports more popular. Top performers in various sports are given annual financial assistance of Rs. 5 lakh for 8 years to help prepare them for international events. The first Khelo India Games was won by Haryana, with Maharashtra and Delhi also among the top performing states.
This document discusses coaching lacrosse and provides examples of different coaching styles and philosophies. It profiles several notable lacrosse coaches such as Shelly Field, Dom Starsia, Jim Beardmore, and Carl Runk. It also discusses keys aspects of coaching like nutrition, weight training, having fun, and winning. The document is meant to help the author figure out the best way to coach lacrosse so they can help young athletes improve and become better people.
The document provides information on the importance of coaching for youth sports. It discusses how coaches help motivate and teach players skills, with over 20 million children participating in youth sports in the US. Coaching requires skills like sport knowledge, teaching abilities, and creating a positive learning environment. The document also discusses qualities of successful coaches such as commitment, discipline, fairness, patience, and leading by positive example. Images included show youth sports coaches instructing and communicating with players.
This document summarizes the key recommendations from a report on reinventing youth sports in Illinois. The report identifies six realms of action needed: 1) Design child-centered programming focused on physical literacy and sampling sports; 2) Manage parent expectations and behavior; 3) Train coaches to mentor life skills; 4) Creatively develop and manage resources; 5) Build status for participatory programs; and 6) Improve access for underserved groups. For each realm, the report explains the importance, challenges, and provides ideas on how to implement the recommendations, such as creating physical literacy programs, managing parent behavior through policies, recognizing trained coaches, and developing affordable programming.
Learning and teaching curriculums, A Decision/Action Model for Soccer-Pt.9Larry Paul
Learning and teaching curriculums - A Decision/Action Model for Soccer – Pt. 9
“There is one basic golden rule. Coaching is not about technique; coaching is about the game and how it unfolds, and about developing the player’s proficiency and competitive maturity, and it is about enjoyment.” KNVB's Coaching Soccer - Bert van Lingen.
A curriculum should reflect and enable this rule.
This document discusses coaching methods for developing youth football players. It argues that solely focusing on results does not appreciate the developmental pathway players must go through. Talent identification requires a well-planned pathway allowing all players to reach their potential at their own pace of maturation. Modifying training through small-sided games can create a more deliberate practice environment and lead to positive physiological and technical development. A coach's role is to understand each player's needs and capabilities in order to create an environment for successful long-term development.
Special Olympics Great Britain introductionStreetGames
‘Unified Sports breaks down barriers and brings people together. It’s about
inclusion and celebrating our differences.’
Coach:
‘Unified Sports is about ability not disability. It’s about friendship, fun and
fair play for all.’
Parent:
‘My child loves Unified Sports. It gives them confidence and a sense of
belonging. They are just like any other young person who loves sport.’
So in summary, Unified Sports is about inclusion, ability not disability,
friendship, fun and fair play for all.
The document summarizes the Khelo India program, which was introduced to revive sports culture in India at the grassroots level. The program aims to identify and support talented young athletes. Key aspects include Prime Minister Modi inaugurating the first Khelo India school games in 2018, with the goal of making rural, indigenous, and tribal sports more popular. Top performers in various sports are given annual financial assistance of Rs. 5 lakh for 8 years to help prepare them for international events. The first Khelo India Games was won by Haryana, with Maharashtra and Delhi also among the top performing states.
This document discusses coaching lacrosse and provides examples of different coaching styles and philosophies. It profiles several notable lacrosse coaches such as Shelly Field, Dom Starsia, Jim Beardmore, and Carl Runk. It also discusses keys aspects of coaching like nutrition, weight training, having fun, and winning. The document is meant to help the author figure out the best way to coach lacrosse so they can help young athletes improve and become better people.
The document provides information on the importance of coaching for youth sports. It discusses how coaches help motivate and teach players skills, with over 20 million children participating in youth sports in the US. Coaching requires skills like sport knowledge, teaching abilities, and creating a positive learning environment. The document also discusses qualities of successful coaches such as commitment, discipline, fairness, patience, and leading by positive example. Images included show youth sports coaches instructing and communicating with players.
This document summarizes the key recommendations from a report on reinventing youth sports in Illinois. The report identifies six realms of action needed: 1) Design child-centered programming focused on physical literacy and sampling sports; 2) Manage parent expectations and behavior; 3) Train coaches to mentor life skills; 4) Creatively develop and manage resources; 5) Build status for participatory programs; and 6) Improve access for underserved groups. For each realm, the report explains the importance, challenges, and provides ideas on how to implement the recommendations, such as creating physical literacy programs, managing parent behavior through policies, recognizing trained coaches, and developing affordable programming.
Learning and teaching curriculums, A Decision/Action Model for Soccer-Pt.9Larry Paul
Learning and teaching curriculums - A Decision/Action Model for Soccer – Pt. 9
“There is one basic golden rule. Coaching is not about technique; coaching is about the game and how it unfolds, and about developing the player’s proficiency and competitive maturity, and it is about enjoyment.” KNVB's Coaching Soccer - Bert van Lingen.
A curriculum should reflect and enable this rule.
This document discusses coaching methods for developing youth football players. It argues that solely focusing on results does not appreciate the developmental pathway players must go through. Talent identification requires a well-planned pathway allowing all players to reach their potential at their own pace of maturation. Modifying training through small-sided games can create a more deliberate practice environment and lead to positive physiological and technical development. A coach's role is to understand each player's needs and capabilities in order to create an environment for successful long-term development.
Off-Season & In-Season Fitness Training for Football (Soccer)Mike Young
This is Dr. Mike Young's slidedeck from his presentation at the Soccer Conference held in Dublin, Ireland at the Sports Surgery Clinic. Dr. Young presents fundamental concepts on fitness training for football and provides guidelines for coaches to follow. Dr. Young is the owner and Director of Performance at Athletic Lab sports performance training center. Previously, he was fitness coach for the NASL champion Carolina Railhawks and the Vancouver Whitecaps of the MLS.
O documento descreve a estrutura típica de uma semana de treinamentos no Ajax, com ênfase nos sistemas de jogo e exercícios utilizados pelo técnico Ronald Koeman. Os treinos variam entre leves e regenerativos após jogos, para mais intensos em outros dias. Koeman geralmente usa até 4 exercícios por treino, focando em fundamentos como passe, finalização e situações de jogo em pequenos espaços.
This document discusses 8 key life and leadership lessons shared in the 2016 Stanford GSB View From The Top guest speaker series. It explores takeaways from leaders who spoke at Stanford about their experiences and advice. The document aims to provide insights for developing leadership skills.
The document discusses designing teams and processes to adapt to changing needs. It recommends structuring teams so members can work within their competencies and across projects fluidly with clear roles and expectations. The design process should support the team and their work, and be flexible enough to change with team, organization, and project needs. An effective team culture builds an environment where members feel free to be themselves, voice opinions, and feel supported.
TEDx Manchester: AI & The Future of WorkVolker Hirsch
TEDx Manchester talk on artificial intelligence (AI) and how the ascent of AI and robotics impacts our future work environments.
The video of the talk is now also available here: https://youtu.be/dRw4d2Si8LA
How to Make Awesome SlideShares: Tips & TricksSlideShare
Turbocharge your online presence with SlideShare. We provide the best tips and tricks for succeeding on SlideShare. Get ideas for what to upload, tips for designing your deck and more.
SlideShare is a global platform for sharing presentations, infographics, videos and documents. It has over 18 million pieces of professional content uploaded by experts like Eric Schmidt and Guy Kawasaki. The document provides tips for setting up an account on SlideShare, uploading content, optimizing it for searchability, and sharing it on social media to build an audience and reputation as a subject matter expert.
This document provides an overview of Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD) and discusses how a multi-sport background at a young age helps develop fundamental movement skills that can transfer to new sports later in life. It includes testimonials from athletes about their experiences in different sports and how factors like late growth spurts, overcompeting, and specializing too early can impact development. The document also summarizes the key stages of LTAD from Active Start to Active for Life and provides information for parents on recognizing issues like overcompeting and under training as well as factors to consider in their child's development.
Prescribing free play to enhance youth athletic potentialJoshua Barreiro
This document discusses the benefits of unstructured free play for youth athletic development. It notes that free play improves creativity, confidence, brain development, and social and cognitive skills. However, trends show decreases in free play and increases in early sports specialization, which can increase injury risk and reduce interest. The document recommends incorporating more free play into practices through small games, modified activities, and allowing youth to explore on their own terms. Coaches should focus on physical literacy over competition and create a mastery-oriented climate to develop fundamental movement skills through fun and diverse activities.
1. Army Public Schools play an important role in developing future national and international medalists through comprehensive sports infrastructure, qualified coaching, and an emphasis on both athletic and academic excellence.
2. Key factors in nurturing future medalists include physical education facilities, coaching, structured sports curriculum, discipline, competition exposure, and mentorship.
3. Success stories demonstrate that APS produces notable athletes through a balanced approach and continued support mechanisms.
This document discusses early specialization (ES) in sport. It defines ES as focusing intensely on one sport from a young age. While ES may lead to success at elite levels, it also carries risks. The benefits and necessity of ES are unclear due to a lack of research. ES could result in overuse injuries and burnout. Alternatively, early sport sampling allows children to develop fundamental movement skills and enjoy various sports, which may support lifelong participation and delay specialization until later in development. Overall, the document questions whether ES is necessary for elite success and emphasizes informing parents and coaches to make decisions that consider child well-being over performance goals.
The document outlines a presentation on sports and games. It begins with an acknowledgement and aim section. It then discusses the history of games and sports dating back thousands of years to ancient Egypt. Several benefits of sports and games are provided such as decreased dementia risk and strengthening family/community ties. Popular sports from around the world like cricket, soccer, and basketball are also mentioned. Technology's role in sports is summarized as improving performance and equipment. The document concludes by restating the importance of using games to introduce children to sports in a fun way.
Sportism: Where Work is Play
We often forget we ‘play’ sports and not ‘work’ sports. We put the word ‘fun’ back into playing sports. This results in identifying the true potential and interest of children.
In Sportism, we impart sports education and training to children in the age group of 4-12 at their homes or residential complexes ensuring convenience to mother and child. We conduct age specific tailor-made training programs by introducing fundamental movement skills in a fun environment. We not only identify the talent and right sport for the child through our proprietary techniques but also transform his/her abilities into skills.
Our training sessions have a right blend of free play and structured learning. We source the best teaching talent by hiring only state and national level sportspersons as trainers. We do pre and post assessment of children undergoing training so that we can understand every child’s requirement better and can focus on holistic development of each child (fitness, endurance and mental strength).
Every programme at Sportism has a structured curriculum to teach fundamental movement skills and sports specific skills. The classes have been divided into different skills and activities and have been developed scientifically. Each class has been designed by a panel of experts with a learning outcome in mind. Each programme first takes into account the age of the child and the physical ability. A sense of accomplishment is instilled, and we frown upon discouraging any child. We bear in mind that every child is unique!
The document discusses the differences between physical education (PE) and sport. It states that while PE and sport may involve similar physical activities, the intentions behind them are different. The goal of PE is to achieve wider educational objectives through physical movement and develop physical competence, confidence, and a healthy lifestyle. In contrast, the goal of sport is to increase performance and focus on competitive success. The document emphasizes that PE aims to support all students in doing their best rather than focusing on winners and losers.
Secrets In Sports is led by owner Scott Savor who provides educational keynotes and workshops sharing secrets and solutions from top coaches, executives, and philosophers to help performers maximize their potential. Workshops focus on building real relationships, maintaining a competitive yet fun environment, using positive peer pressure, and developing mental, physical, emotional, and spiritual skills. Testimonials from professional athletes praise Savor's extensive knowledge and motivation and how his workshops have helped them succeed at higher levels.
The document discusses the history and classification of sports. It notes that sports have been practiced formally since the first Olympic Games in 776 BC in ancient Greece. Sports are classified as individual, dual, or team based on the number of participants. Individual sports involve one athlete, dual sports two athletes, and team sports three or more athletes competing together. Sports provide both physical and mental health benefits, with physical sports improving cardiovascular health and mental sports enhancing concentration and reducing stress.
This document discusses the topic of early sport specialization and its effect on future success. It reviews literature on related themes such as the role of schools in physical activity, whether skills transfer between sports, motivations for playing one sport over many, and examples of athletes who played multiple sports. The document then describes the author's methodology for their research study on this topic, which will be a survey distributed online to gather data on athletes' experiences playing multiple sports. Limitations of the study discussed include time constraints and lack of funding.
The document discusses the author Nicholas Louw's experiences with physical education (PDHPE) from childhood through to their views on being a PDHPE teacher. It describes how the author was initially influenced by parents and play to be physically active. It then discusses participating in sports through school and exploring different activities. The author views a competent PDHPE teacher as fit, knowledgeable about various sports and activities, and able to engage and motivate students. The document emphasizes that physical education is important for students' health, well-being, and academic performance.
This document discusses the benefits of early diversification versus early specialization in children's sports. It presents models of athletic development including Côté's developmental model, Balyi's long-term athlete development model, and discusses the physiological and psychological perspectives on early specialization versus taking a sampling approach through diversification in youth sports. Reasons children participate in sports and references on the topic are also provided.
Specialisation and Athletic Developmentemmafriend91
This presentation discusses early and late specialisation in sport and discusses which pathway would be most benefical on the way to elite sucess from a physiological and pschological perspective
This document discusses factors related to early specialization versus diversification in children's sports. It summarizes Côté and Balyi's models of athlete development, which recommend diversified play through sampling different sports from ages 6-12 followed by specialization around ages 12-16. Early specialization risks injury and burnout while diversification aids physical literacy, motor skills and psychological development. The document also notes psychological benefits of diversification like intrinsic motivation, coping skills and social skills versus risks of early specialization like decreased motivation and increased injury/dropout rates.
Off-Season & In-Season Fitness Training for Football (Soccer)Mike Young
This is Dr. Mike Young's slidedeck from his presentation at the Soccer Conference held in Dublin, Ireland at the Sports Surgery Clinic. Dr. Young presents fundamental concepts on fitness training for football and provides guidelines for coaches to follow. Dr. Young is the owner and Director of Performance at Athletic Lab sports performance training center. Previously, he was fitness coach for the NASL champion Carolina Railhawks and the Vancouver Whitecaps of the MLS.
O documento descreve a estrutura típica de uma semana de treinamentos no Ajax, com ênfase nos sistemas de jogo e exercícios utilizados pelo técnico Ronald Koeman. Os treinos variam entre leves e regenerativos após jogos, para mais intensos em outros dias. Koeman geralmente usa até 4 exercícios por treino, focando em fundamentos como passe, finalização e situações de jogo em pequenos espaços.
This document discusses 8 key life and leadership lessons shared in the 2016 Stanford GSB View From The Top guest speaker series. It explores takeaways from leaders who spoke at Stanford about their experiences and advice. The document aims to provide insights for developing leadership skills.
The document discusses designing teams and processes to adapt to changing needs. It recommends structuring teams so members can work within their competencies and across projects fluidly with clear roles and expectations. The design process should support the team and their work, and be flexible enough to change with team, organization, and project needs. An effective team culture builds an environment where members feel free to be themselves, voice opinions, and feel supported.
TEDx Manchester: AI & The Future of WorkVolker Hirsch
TEDx Manchester talk on artificial intelligence (AI) and how the ascent of AI and robotics impacts our future work environments.
The video of the talk is now also available here: https://youtu.be/dRw4d2Si8LA
How to Make Awesome SlideShares: Tips & TricksSlideShare
Turbocharge your online presence with SlideShare. We provide the best tips and tricks for succeeding on SlideShare. Get ideas for what to upload, tips for designing your deck and more.
SlideShare is a global platform for sharing presentations, infographics, videos and documents. It has over 18 million pieces of professional content uploaded by experts like Eric Schmidt and Guy Kawasaki. The document provides tips for setting up an account on SlideShare, uploading content, optimizing it for searchability, and sharing it on social media to build an audience and reputation as a subject matter expert.
This document provides an overview of Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD) and discusses how a multi-sport background at a young age helps develop fundamental movement skills that can transfer to new sports later in life. It includes testimonials from athletes about their experiences in different sports and how factors like late growth spurts, overcompeting, and specializing too early can impact development. The document also summarizes the key stages of LTAD from Active Start to Active for Life and provides information for parents on recognizing issues like overcompeting and under training as well as factors to consider in their child's development.
Prescribing free play to enhance youth athletic potentialJoshua Barreiro
This document discusses the benefits of unstructured free play for youth athletic development. It notes that free play improves creativity, confidence, brain development, and social and cognitive skills. However, trends show decreases in free play and increases in early sports specialization, which can increase injury risk and reduce interest. The document recommends incorporating more free play into practices through small games, modified activities, and allowing youth to explore on their own terms. Coaches should focus on physical literacy over competition and create a mastery-oriented climate to develop fundamental movement skills through fun and diverse activities.
1. Army Public Schools play an important role in developing future national and international medalists through comprehensive sports infrastructure, qualified coaching, and an emphasis on both athletic and academic excellence.
2. Key factors in nurturing future medalists include physical education facilities, coaching, structured sports curriculum, discipline, competition exposure, and mentorship.
3. Success stories demonstrate that APS produces notable athletes through a balanced approach and continued support mechanisms.
This document discusses early specialization (ES) in sport. It defines ES as focusing intensely on one sport from a young age. While ES may lead to success at elite levels, it also carries risks. The benefits and necessity of ES are unclear due to a lack of research. ES could result in overuse injuries and burnout. Alternatively, early sport sampling allows children to develop fundamental movement skills and enjoy various sports, which may support lifelong participation and delay specialization until later in development. Overall, the document questions whether ES is necessary for elite success and emphasizes informing parents and coaches to make decisions that consider child well-being over performance goals.
The document outlines a presentation on sports and games. It begins with an acknowledgement and aim section. It then discusses the history of games and sports dating back thousands of years to ancient Egypt. Several benefits of sports and games are provided such as decreased dementia risk and strengthening family/community ties. Popular sports from around the world like cricket, soccer, and basketball are also mentioned. Technology's role in sports is summarized as improving performance and equipment. The document concludes by restating the importance of using games to introduce children to sports in a fun way.
Sportism: Where Work is Play
We often forget we ‘play’ sports and not ‘work’ sports. We put the word ‘fun’ back into playing sports. This results in identifying the true potential and interest of children.
In Sportism, we impart sports education and training to children in the age group of 4-12 at their homes or residential complexes ensuring convenience to mother and child. We conduct age specific tailor-made training programs by introducing fundamental movement skills in a fun environment. We not only identify the talent and right sport for the child through our proprietary techniques but also transform his/her abilities into skills.
Our training sessions have a right blend of free play and structured learning. We source the best teaching talent by hiring only state and national level sportspersons as trainers. We do pre and post assessment of children undergoing training so that we can understand every child’s requirement better and can focus on holistic development of each child (fitness, endurance and mental strength).
Every programme at Sportism has a structured curriculum to teach fundamental movement skills and sports specific skills. The classes have been divided into different skills and activities and have been developed scientifically. Each class has been designed by a panel of experts with a learning outcome in mind. Each programme first takes into account the age of the child and the physical ability. A sense of accomplishment is instilled, and we frown upon discouraging any child. We bear in mind that every child is unique!
The document discusses the differences between physical education (PE) and sport. It states that while PE and sport may involve similar physical activities, the intentions behind them are different. The goal of PE is to achieve wider educational objectives through physical movement and develop physical competence, confidence, and a healthy lifestyle. In contrast, the goal of sport is to increase performance and focus on competitive success. The document emphasizes that PE aims to support all students in doing their best rather than focusing on winners and losers.
Secrets In Sports is led by owner Scott Savor who provides educational keynotes and workshops sharing secrets and solutions from top coaches, executives, and philosophers to help performers maximize their potential. Workshops focus on building real relationships, maintaining a competitive yet fun environment, using positive peer pressure, and developing mental, physical, emotional, and spiritual skills. Testimonials from professional athletes praise Savor's extensive knowledge and motivation and how his workshops have helped them succeed at higher levels.
The document discusses the history and classification of sports. It notes that sports have been practiced formally since the first Olympic Games in 776 BC in ancient Greece. Sports are classified as individual, dual, or team based on the number of participants. Individual sports involve one athlete, dual sports two athletes, and team sports three or more athletes competing together. Sports provide both physical and mental health benefits, with physical sports improving cardiovascular health and mental sports enhancing concentration and reducing stress.
This document discusses the topic of early sport specialization and its effect on future success. It reviews literature on related themes such as the role of schools in physical activity, whether skills transfer between sports, motivations for playing one sport over many, and examples of athletes who played multiple sports. The document then describes the author's methodology for their research study on this topic, which will be a survey distributed online to gather data on athletes' experiences playing multiple sports. Limitations of the study discussed include time constraints and lack of funding.
The document discusses the author Nicholas Louw's experiences with physical education (PDHPE) from childhood through to their views on being a PDHPE teacher. It describes how the author was initially influenced by parents and play to be physically active. It then discusses participating in sports through school and exploring different activities. The author views a competent PDHPE teacher as fit, knowledgeable about various sports and activities, and able to engage and motivate students. The document emphasizes that physical education is important for students' health, well-being, and academic performance.
This document discusses the benefits of early diversification versus early specialization in children's sports. It presents models of athletic development including Côté's developmental model, Balyi's long-term athlete development model, and discusses the physiological and psychological perspectives on early specialization versus taking a sampling approach through diversification in youth sports. Reasons children participate in sports and references on the topic are also provided.
Specialisation and Athletic Developmentemmafriend91
This presentation discusses early and late specialisation in sport and discusses which pathway would be most benefical on the way to elite sucess from a physiological and pschological perspective
This document discusses factors related to early specialization versus diversification in children's sports. It summarizes Côté and Balyi's models of athlete development, which recommend diversified play through sampling different sports from ages 6-12 followed by specialization around ages 12-16. Early specialization risks injury and burnout while diversification aids physical literacy, motor skills and psychological development. The document also notes psychological benefits of diversification like intrinsic motivation, coping skills and social skills versus risks of early specialization like decreased motivation and increased injury/dropout rates.
This document discusses changing paradigms in youth sports toward more child-centered models. It outlines trends toward early sports specialization and their negative consequences. It then reviews various youth development models that emphasize motor skill development, physical literacy, and diversified play over early specialization. The Long-Term Athletic Development model framework promotes multi-sport participation and developmentally-appropriate training across childhood. Coaching approaches discussed include focusing on fun, skill-building, and limiting instructions to promote child-centered learning and development through sports.
Lloyd Irvin | Best Moves In Martial AtrsLloyd Irvin
Lloyd Irvin is a martial arts school that provides self-defense programs for men and women in the Maryland area. The instructors specialize in brilliant martial arts training that involves various methods including grappling, throwing, choking, joint locking, striking, kicking, punching, projectile defense, gun disarms and safety, and knife and cane defenses. Past students praise the experienced instructors at SKH Quest Center Dojo NYC for fostering a welcoming, supportive learning atmosphere.
My presentation is about sports and career n covers some other related topics from sports. love sports n play sports.
Search for ur best career options n go for it. life is full of challenges. just do it.
Children Specialising in Sports: How Young is Too Young?Alissa_Gosch
The document outlines a presentation on early sport specialization in children. It discusses the background on child specialization, importance of studying the topic, a critical evaluation of research findings, and practical applications and future research. The evaluation of research found that specializing too early can increase risks of burnout, injury and dropout. Most research recommends letting children sample sports during childhood for benefits later in life, rather than specializing too early before puberty.
The document provides an overview of the official US Youth Soccer coaching manual, outlining its contents which include chapters on child development, effective coaching techniques, age-appropriate coaching for different age groups, risk management, and other topics relevant to coaching youth soccer players. It emphasizes applying scientific knowledge of child development and motor learning to create a positive and educational experience for young soccer players.
Similar to Youth Sport and the ADM: Opportunities for Growth (20)
1. RAQUEL HUTCHINSON
LAURENCE CHALIP
JARROD SCHEUNEMANN
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
DEPARTMENT OF RECREATION, SPORT & TOURISM
2016 IPRA/IAPD CONFERENCE
YOUTH SPORT & THE AMERICAN
DEVELOPMENT MODEL:
OPPORTUNITIES FOR GROWTH
2. THE ILLINOIS YOUTH SPORT INITIATIVE
An ongoing effort to assist practitioners in developing the
skills and resources needed to implement new programs,
practices, and policies that will ultimately increase the
diversity, attractiveness, and quality of youth sport options
and experiences for children across the state.
3. 1. Design & implement child-centered programming
2. Manage parents
3. Train coaches to be sport & life skill mentors
4. Creatively develop & manage resources
5. Build status for participatory (non-elite) youth sport programs
6. Improve programming for traditionally underserved populations
REALMS OF ACTION
4. AGENDA
• Review youth sport myths and truths
• Explain the ADM
• Provide examples of how to incorporate principles into
programs
• Discuss how to market the ADM and rebrand your
programming to attract more participants
5. • 10,000 hour rule
• Deliberate practice
• Early specialization
ACHIEVING EXCELLENCE IN SPORT
Commonly believed myths:
6. BUT WHAT IF….
A. Early specialization is not required for excellence?
B. Early specialization is (sometimes) contraindicated?
C. 10,000 hours of sport-specific practice are not required for
excellence / elite performance?
D. Informal sport play enhances skill development more than the
equivalent time in deliberate practice alone?
7. EARLY SPECIALIZATION IS NOT REQUIRED FOR
EXCELLENCE (IN MOST SPORTS)
The greater the athlete’s early exposure to a range of sport experiences
early in their sporting careers, the less time is required to become excellent
in a particular (other or new) sport. [Baker et al., 2003]
Cognitive skills, such as pattern recognition, transfer from one (similar) sport
to another. [Abernethy et al., 2005]
Tactical creativity can transfer from one (open skill) sport to another.
[Memmert & Roth, 2007]
8. EARLY SPECIALIZATION IS (SOMETIMES)
CONTRAINDICATED
Early specialization can cause athletes who would mature to excellence to
be lost. [Wiersma, 2000]
Athletes who specialize during preadolescence have greater rates of
success (on average) than athletes who specialize in childhood (even in a
closed skill sport). [Barynina & Vaitsekhovskii, 1992]
Athletes who specialize in adolescence have longer careers as elite athletes
(on average) than athletes who specialize earlier. [Cote et al., 2009]
9. 10,000 HOURS OF DELIBERATE PRACTICE ARE
NOT REQUIRED FOR EXCELLENCE
Expert performance (in sports for which peak performance occurs after
maturation) has been achieved with 3,000-4,000 hours of deliberate practice.
[Cote et al., 2007]
Data on US Olympic athletes and average hours of training
[scienceofsport.blogspot.com]
10. INFORMAL SPORT PLAY ENHANCES SKILL
DEVELOPMENT
Higher levels of unstructured play activities in childhood and preadolescence
are associated with greater tactical creativity in later years (even if volumes
of deliberate sport-specific practice during those ages substitute for
unstructured play). [Memmert et al., 2010]
Informal sport complements formal training by enabling self-testing and
experimentation with movement, thereby building confidence and capability.
[Bowers & Green, 2013]
11. IMPLICATIONS
Encourage a wide range of physical activities and sports during childhood.
Offer a greater variety of sports.
Find ways to incorporate diverse sports into a single program.
Help athletes find ways to transfer skills from sports they know to new sports.
Foster informal / free play in sports.
14. PLAY
Ages: 0 - 10
Get kids active and
develop fundamental
physical skills
• Safety and fun
• Maximum participation
• Movement skills
• Child-centered programming
15. DEVELOP
Ages: 8 - 16
Keep kids
engaged, develop
skills and passion
for sports
• Skill development
• Play multiple sports
• Sportsmanship
• Communication
• Teamwork
• Creativity
• Conditioning
• Nutrition
16. Focused Training
COMPETE
Ages: 14 - 20
Provide avenues to
fulfill athletic potential
• Specialization
• Mental preparation
• Time management
• Elite or structured competition system
• Commitment
17. PHYSICAL LITERACY
• Ability to move and manipulate one’s body
• Introduction and development of fundamental movement skills
• Best achieved through various physical activities, including games and sports
• Imperative for future sport success
18.
19. • Drills
• Games where kids sit out
• Winners and losers
• Advanced equipment
• Extensive rules
• Too much repetition
• Play leaders
• Let the game be the teacher
• Include a variety of activities
• Introduce different environments
• Allow for creativity
• Include unstructured free play
• Everyone participates
PHYSICAL LITERACY
What to do What to avoid
22. PROGRAMMING FOR PHYSICAL LITERACY
• Create a daily or weekly pre-sport, physical literacy program for young kids
• After school program or a drop-off childcare type program
• If you offer daycare, set aside regular time for physical literacy play
• Use the internet to find games and activities
• Hire or train staff to be play leaders
• Allow opportunities for kids to have creative control – ask them for suggestions, allow
them to determine how to use equipment
• Simple equipment and imagination goes a long way
• Use themes and link to relevant cultural activities
23. SPORT SAMPLING
• Playing multiple sports – opposite of specialization
• Every sport requires mental and physical skills that develop a child’s overall
ability to perform
• More diverse sport background leads to more complete muscle development
and range of motion and ability
• The more sports you try, the more likely you are to find one you love
24. • Set aside practice time to play a
different sport
• Vary the “secondary” sport
• Play modified, small-court versions
• Provide equipment and allow for
unstructured free play
• If parents ask, explain that this is all
part of the system to develop the best
athlete – refer to the ADM and USOC
• Use the weather/season as a guide
• Combine individual and team sports
• For younger ages package together
uniquely different sports
• For older ages package together
complementary sports
• Combine an emerging sport with a
traditional sport
SPORT SAMPLING
Create a multi-sport program
Incorporate other sports in existing
and traditional programs
26. DON’T FORGET ABOUT FREE PLAY
• Create a weekly sandlot night
• Partner with other community organizations to shut down a block or lot and
offer a safe place for kids to play
• During practice occasionally set aside time for kids to play
28. USE SCIENCE
“Kids who play multiple ‘attacking’
sports, like basketball or field
hockey, transfer learned motor and
anticipatory skills — the
unconscious ability to read bodies
and game situations — to other
sports. They take less time to
master the sport they ultimately
choose.” – David Epstein, author of
“The Sports Gene”
29. USE SUCCESSFUL COACHES
“The first questions I’ll ask about a kid are, “What other sports does he play? What
does he do? What are his positions? Is he a big hitter in baseball? Is he a pitcher?
Does he play hoops?” All of those things are important to me. I hate that kids don’t
play three sports in high school. I think that they should play year-round and get every
bit of it that they can through that experience. I really, really don’t favor kids having to
specialize in one sport. Even here, I want to be the biggest proponent for two-sport
athletes on the college level. I want guys that are so special athletically, and so
competitive, that they can compete in more than one sport.” – Pete Carroll
31. USE FAMOUS ATHLETES
“One of the worst things to happen to the game, in
my opinion, has been year-round hockey and, in
particular, summer hockey. All it does for kids, as far
as I can tell, is keep them out sports they should be
doing in the warmer weather. I could hardly wait to
get my lacrosse stick out and start throwing the ball
against the walls and working on our moves as we
played the lacrosse equivalent to road hockey. All
the good hockey players seemed to play lacrosse in
those days and everyone of them learned something
from the game to carry over to the other – things
athletes can only learn by mixing up the games they
play when they are young.”
— Wayne Gretzky
32. USE FAMOUS ATHLETES
“Today, a lot of kids individualize in a
specific sport. I think one of the things that
helped me most was playing everything. I
played basketball, I played football, I ran
track. I even played soccer one year, [and]
I played baseball. I think it allowed me to
recruit different muscles [and] work on
different things that I normally wouldn’t.
And, it gave me a greater appreciation for
the sport that I’ve come to love.”
– Larry Fitzgerald
33. USE FAMOUS ATHLETES
My parents allowed me to play volleyball
and softball and basketball and soccer at
one time and I loved it. I was playing all
these other sports so it wasn’t too much
wear on the soccer field and it wasn’t too
much wear on a repetitive exercise.”
– Alex Morgan
35. USE STRONG PHRASES
Cutting edge
System approved by US Olympic Committee
Programs that develop the best athletes
Follow guidelines and recommendations of US Olympic Committee
Or throw in the specific sport NGB (example USA Football)
Develop elite performers
Achieve excellence
Path to success
36. HOW TO COMMUNICATE
• In program descriptions and on specific promotional materials
• Use language from NGBs
• On the website
• Brand your programs
• Provide quotes or videos of successful athletes and coaches
• Link to the sites that say this is the right way to do things
• Parent meetings or workshops
• Explain the ADM in-depth, and how your programs follow the model
• What parents should expect to see/hear about their child’s sport experience
Highlight #s 1 & 5 because they reflect our purpose for today
Design and implement child-centered programming – these are programs that embrace the ADM principles – they follow certain structural and content guidelines – according to the ADM sport should look different at different ages
Build status for participatory youth sport programs – this is really the key piece for today. Those of you in this room are probably familiar with various organizations and people that advocate that youth sport needs to change and that we should re-value participation-based, non-elite, local leagues and teams. In many ways referring specifically to programs run through the local park and recreation department
However, despite efforts to say sport should go back to how it used to be, and stop being so competitive/specialized/expensive
Reality is that this is the world we live in, and parents want what they believe is the best – what is marketed as the best
And right now, a lot of that is in the form of private clubs, travel teams, personal coaches, etc.
Which means that in order to compete with other providers many P&R programs will offer the same programming if possible
So, instead of spending energy and resources to convince parents and kids that its good to be non-specialized, non-competitive, participation-based, etc. what if we just change how we deliver the message?
Everyone believes in all the “sport for all” language and ethos, yet when it comes down to specifics, parents are going to choose what they think is best for their child – which is how elite sport providers sell themselves
So today, we are going to review what the ADM is, and how you can use it in your programs and market them as “the best”
Instead of convincing the market to want something else, re-brand P&R as the best
Explain the 10,000 hour rule and focus on deliberate practice
How that belief leads to increased and earlier specialization
Then explain that we are going to revew
You might be thinking, I’ve heard this before, it sounds great, but its really hard to do
It looks/sounds funny, parents don’t want it, they are confused about it
I don’t have time to explain it, they don’t care, they want what they want
And this is where the ADM comes in.
System/pathway for growth and development of players and sport performance
It was initially developed by USA hockey and has since been embraced by the US Olympic Committee and ALL 48 affiliated national governing bodies from USA Swimming to USA Volleyball to USA track and field.
The Olympics is the highest level of achievement – this is what the best recommends – and it is the future
It is also relatively under-utilized because of its newness – this is a major selling point and legitimizer for you. If you can incorporate these tenets into your programming- and you can, it’s easy and we’re going to help you figure out how to do that today – you can then use this system to differentiate your youth sport programs as the best – on the cutting edge of athlete development and sport performance
I’m going to explain how it works as a whole and then focus on the youth stages.
The ADM organizes sports development into 5 stages.
These correspond to the major phases of an athletes development and participation.
They range from pure participation and play to elite performance, competition and leadership.
Each of the phases has a different primary focus, contains some different elements
It provides a structure for us to use to develop programs that meet the needs of the participants and stakeholders in each phase, while allow providing a pipeline that promotes ongoing and lifelong involvement in sports
The first phase is the PLAY phase and is focused on children up to about 12 years old, pre Peak Height Velocity (puberty). Pre high school.
It corresponds to the Active Start and Fundamentals stages of the traditional LTAD model.
Its all about getting kids active, getting them moving, having fun, PLAYING!
This where they start developing fundamental skills for all kinds of activities and sports – its when they develop PHYSICAL LITERACY
But as important as the physical aspects are, I think this is where they develop that joy for sports
This stage is crucial to sport development and the development of a healthy fit population. You can’t win a Gold Medal here but you can sure discourage a lot of kids from a healthy fun lifestyle that may reduce the odds of sporting success later on
Competition is not the main focus and in fact too much focus on winning may have detrimental effects down the road. It seems we have gone to far in the development of highly structured competitive youth sports that is turning a lot of kids off sports and is having negative physical and social impact on kids.
The concept of unstructured play is one we need to give serious thought to and is one of the areas I’d like to see us talk about here today.
The DEVELOP phase are those years kids are in high school. It is the Learning to Train, Training to Train sections of LTAD.
They are going through and have passed PHV.
It’s the phase where they do the major sport skill development, cognitive and physical development.
Major fitness development, strength, speed, endurance
Concepts of teamwork, preparation, practice, dedication and perserverance
Sport specific training begins, periodization
Passion for sports is really ignited
Structured Competition should begin at this phase. Winning becomes important.
The Compete phase covers late high school and college, and in some sports elite completion. It’s the Training to Compete phase.
Everything gets ramped up here. Intense practices, training regimes, sport specialization, nutrition, mental preparation, advanced skill development, strategies, tactics.
Potential preparation for national championships, international competiton, professional sports career.
To give you a sense of what we mean
Let the game be the teacher means don’t just show them how to do something, allow them to figure it out through play
Introduce diff environments – play in a gym, on a field, in a sandbox, on ice, in water, etc
Creativity – kids often interpret things differently or come up with their own unique games – don’t worry if something isn’t going as planned – as long as it is safe and fun, let the kids explore natural instincts
Games where kids sit out – either because they are waiting their turn in a long line of because they’ve been “tagged” out and are waiting for the next round
Think outside the box with uses
Create obstacle courses using common/easy-to-find items – inside or outside
require climbing, crawling, going over, under, balance, running, hopping/jumping, weaving, etc.
Bottom left, kids jumping – create imagination-based games –they could be hopping liking kangaroos or frogs
Hula hoop games – traditional hula hooping, can be used as a jump rope, practice coordination, rolled, use on ground as safe spaces
Upper right – kids playing volleyball like game w/ beach balls – practicing tracking and striking, hand-eye coordination
this is a modified game – can be played with balloons, can be played with various net heights, can use a paddle or racket
beach balls are also great for soccer-like games – develop kicking
These are just a few of the many games and activities that help build physical literacy
Something to note – the kids are self-directed – when you see an adult he/she is playing along as opposed to instructing
You might call this pre-sport for pre-k, sport basics or fundamentals, get moving! And target 1st graders and under
If you offer daycare, kids under 5, instead of creating a new program, simply incorporate physical literacy programming into the schedule
Ideally this would be daily or a few times a week and would include gross and fine motor skill development
Not sure where to find these games? The internet is full of them, there are also a growing number of companies that are developing resources and making them available for a fee
Play leaders guide activities and play with kids – coaches instruct
Builds autonomy, self-confidence. Their interpretation or natural instinct is often more interesting to them – there is not always a right or wrong way
Don’t feel like you need to purchase tons of new equipment to offer age-appropriate games – those products exist, but are not necessary
Think about having themed days – general like superhero, dance day, military inspired games
Or tied to holidays or events – during halloween play games where you act out different costumes, go through a haunted house obstacle course, etc
Is it the world cup? The olympics? Superbowl?
Remember this is really the elementary-aged child and is about trying new sports and developing a range of sports
There is absolutely no scientific reason why a 9 year old should be playing baseball or soccer or swimming every day.
Instead, if a child has time to play sports 3x a week – it should be focused on 2-3 different activities
If a child can only enroll in one program – it should change each season (no year-round sport) so they still play 3-4 different sports
Weather/season – its winter, its cold, can’t be outside – offer indoor sports, in the summer get kids outside
When you talk about sport it is easy to get focused on team sports, however swimming, track, gymnastics, wrestling, boxing, tennis
Younger ages – discovering sports – think variations – ice hockey, basketball, and soccer
What you see on the left would be a great program to reach new or hesitant athletes – kids and/or parents who are anti-sport, or anti-competition
This would be a great way to say come out, learn the rules, try it out, you get 3 sports for the price of one
No games, just practice and scrimmages – about learning and testing, maybe you find something you like that you want to pursue
Market this as an intro, a sample, a test – fun, participation, and learning
We’ve talked about the benefits of sport sampling before, and it is easy to suggest a multi-sport, introduction to sports type program, and yet we see so few of these – because again, there is no demand for them – parents want year round, so they pay for year round
How do we solve/address? Using the ADM as a guideline, you simply force sport sampling in the existing programs
Incorporate diverse sports in one program – from a programming POV, parents may not be interested in a multi-sport program, so if you have sports that are very popular and/or played year-round, use occasional practices to play a different sport.
Example: baseball program, if practice is for one hour, 2x week, spend 20-30 minutes each week playing something else. And make sure to vary what you do. And because this is the “secondary” sport feel free to modify and/or use this time for free play. More touches, more involvement
Ideas: mini-court 5v5 soccer games, tennis, flag football, field hockey, or simply providing certain pieces of equipment
USA Hockey developed the ADM
They found that although they were advocating that their players play other sports in the off-season or in addition to hockey (remember this would be elite programming), it wasn’t happening because parents wanted to focus their child on one sport
So, in some places, elite hockey summer camps have started to actually program other sports – forcing kids to play other sports
There were days/afternoons in which kids never got on the ice – they played basketball, soccer, etc.
There is no reason you can’t be doing this with your own programs
Yes, parents want an elite program, so they won’t enroll/pay for something else
So instead of trying to market something they don’t want – give them what they want – the best/most elite programming
which just so happens to involve playing other sports – so the kids get the best training/experience and you can sell your program as the best – capturing a large share of the market
And this is the second stage of our presentation – how to market the ADM
Reference Lake Travis study – free, open to the public, no adults
USA hockey again – they do this – when parents ask – the coaches say this is the best way to do it – this is what USA hockey recommends
So we’ve told you how to create and offer a superior product – this is the best version of youth sport
But what does it matter if no one knows?
Leverage the legitimacy of the adm and
David Epstein, author of “The Sports Gene” wrote in a New York Times opinion.