The document provides instructions on conjugating Spanish verbs. It explains that verbs must be conjugated to agree with the subject, and lists the verb endings for "ar", "er", and "ir" verbs in the yo form. It also notes that some verbs are irregular. Examples are given to conjugate the verbs "estudiar", "hablar", "comer", and "leer". The document directs the student to memorize the verb conjugation chart and provides practice conjugating sentences.
Teaching grammar? Finding a starting place with language arts lesson plans can overwhelm any teacher. In this presentation, I cover tips and methods for teaching simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences to students. Show at a department meeting or alone, this provides proven ways to teach grammar.
Teaching grammar? Finding a starting place with language arts lesson plans can overwhelm any teacher. In this presentation, I cover tips and methods for teaching simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences to students. Show at a department meeting or alone, this provides proven ways to teach grammar.
English makes a big distinction between the verbs that carry the main meaning and the verbs that manage the grammar concepts. Understanding this can give greater clarity to tense constructions, pronunciation, etc.
This presentation accompanied a webinar on November 2 and 4, 2011. An archived version of the webinar can be found at http://lima.usembassy.gov/webinars.html.
English makes a big distinction between the verbs that carry the main meaning and the verbs that manage the grammar concepts. Understanding this can give greater clarity to tense constructions, pronunciation, etc.
This presentation accompanied a webinar on November 2 and 4, 2011. An archived version of the webinar can be found at http://lima.usembassy.gov/webinars.html.
You have now explored in a practical way a number of different aspects of language and learning, including the difference between implicit and explicit knowledge of rules, rule discovery, the grammar of spoken and written English, phonology, and linguistic and communicative competence. I now want to turn to the significance of grammatical and communicative contexts for understanding words and grammatical structures. For example, in this unit you will study not only the grammar of the passive, but also the contexts in which it is used.
The unit begins with a look at what we can find out about a word in a dictionary and includes an activity to test your knowledge of grammar terminology. It finishes with a look at some of the reasons why words and patterns change over time and the question of what we consider to be 'correct' modern English.
Dictionaries can give teachers and learners an overall view of a word, with information about its many different aspects. So it's a good idea to get to enjoy using dictionaries. I'm therefore starting this unit with an activity to test your knowledge of what a dictionary can tell you about a word.
1. What information might a dictionary give about a word you look up (for example, its pronunciation)? Make a note of your ideas.
2. Now look up the word kneel in a dictionary and see what information is given. Summarize what you found.
Comment
1. Dictionaries can tell you about a word's:
pronunciation (including where the stress lies)
meaning(s)
word class(es)
different forms (for example past tense, plural)
usage
origin.
2. You could have found the following information about kneel:
how it is pronounced
that it is a verb
that it is intransitive (see below)
that it has alternative past tense forms: knelt or kneeled
that kneeled is used particularly in the United States
that kneel down is a phrasal verb
that it means fall or rest on the knees or a knee
that it comes from an old English word, cneowlian.
In a dictionary like Cobuild or The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, you will also find examples showing you how the word can be used: for example, He kneels beside the girl or Lottie knelt down to pray. We are also given the -ing form of the verb and an example: The kneeling figure was Mary Darling.
Transitive and intransitive verbs
A dictionary always tells you whether a verb is transitive or intransitive, that is, whether it can be followed by an object or not.
The verb 'lost' is transitive because we can put a noun after it. The verb yawned is intransitive because we can't put a noun after it.
Active and passive sentences
Sentences in English are either active or passive. Teachers of English need to understand the grammar of each of them and to be clear under what circumstances it is appropriate to use either the passive or the active. Let's start with the grammar.
Source: https://ebookschoice.com/words-and-their-context/
'Can I just interrupt for a moment?' / 'I'm sorry, I didn't catch that'.
These are key phrases for communication skills. BE is full of them. They need revision if students are to remember and use them.
We learned that native speakers have an implicit knowledge of grammar and that children acquire this without realizing it. I commented, however, that a language teacher needs to be able to describe grammatical rules, and in Unit 2 you noted some grammatical differences between spoken and written English. Unit 3 will introduce further grammar concepts and you will have the chance to assess your own explicit knowledge. Unit 2 also began to explore the area of what language we actually choose to use. This unit will continue the theme by looking at how we choose to speak in different situations and will show that this sort of knowledge is just as important for a language learner as grammatical knowledge.
Linguistic competence
The term 'linguistic competence' refers to a person's knowledge of grammar, lexis and sound patterns. As you now know, a native speaker easily acquires implicit knowledge of these aspects of language in childhood. Learners of a foreign language, on the other hand, struggle hard to acquire them. Choosing suitable grammar, words and sound patterns for the particular situation you are in is just as important and this is what the second half of this unit explores. First, though, we will investigate some grammar rules - that is, patterns of usage - and see how they might be useful to a learner of English.
Why do grammar activities like these?
As you carry out the activities on grammar in this unit, remember that it would be very unlikely for a teacher to tell learners everything at once about a particular grammatical item and expect them to apply it when communicating. What she can do is guide learners towards their own understanding about the limits that grammar sets in English - in other words the rules of English grammar. The activities in this section will give you an insight into how to discover and articulate these limits.
A teacher must be skilled at deducing the rules herself so that she can then foster this skill in her learners, who themselves need to develop the same skill if they are to become effective, independent learners. Without such strategies they'll be left to rely entirely on the trial and error methods of a child, and few learners have time to do it this way. So let's now look for some linguistic patterns in English.
Finding patterns: verbs
This section is about looking for boundaries and patterns in verbs. It isn't a comprehensive guide to verbs in the English language. I could have chosen any of the main word classes to investigate - for example, nouns, pronouns or adjectives. But the variety and complexity of the English verb offers you as good a chance as any to practice teasing out and describing some grammatical rules. Verbs also happen to be very central to everything that goes on in English and the explicit knowledge you gain from this section will be useful to you. We'll start with defining the word verb.
Source: https://ebookschoice.com/linguistic-and-communicative-rules/
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Basic phrases for greeting and assisting costumers
2018 19 unidad 3 rlc yl
1.
2. You will need to submit your notes along with your
responses to these questions. You can type your notes
and upload them, take a picture of your typed or
handwritten notes and send the picture or upload your
notes document.
5. Use the Modules tab on the left
side of the course page to access
individual assignments you may
need to go back and complete and
to also access the tab to submit
your RLC assignment.
6. Conjugating Verbs
You do it everyday without thinking about it. Remember verbs are action
words. They tell us what someone is doing.
Let’s start with the verb “to study.”
To correctly conjugate the verb “to study” in English, we say…
I study We study
You study
He studies They study
She studies
7. The verb “to study” in Spanish is
Estudiar
Simply leaving the verb like this……Estudiar…..is called
the infinitive form.
That’s a fancy way of saying
you haven’t conjugated it yet.
You can’t walk around saying “I to study” or “We to study.”
It doesn’t make sense!
We have to conjugate the verb.
8. When you conjugate a verb, there are 3 things you need to ask yourself…
1. Does the verb end in “ar,” “er,” or “ir?”
2. What is the subject pronoun that the verb needs to match? (yo, tú…)
3. Is the verb a regular verb?
**How will you know if it is regular? As you learn how different verbs are conjugated,
you will see that some follow a simple pattern where as others follow a different pattern.
The weird verbs are called “irregular.”
Here is the regular verb chart. Copy it. Put it next to your computer, MEMORIZE IT!
9. Estudiar – to study
We want to say
“I study history in my history class.”
1. Does the verb end in “ar,” “er,” or “ir?” ar
2. What is the subject pronoun that the verb needs to match? (yo, tú…) yo (I)
3. Is the verb a regular verb? Yes
Take off the last two letters (ar) and replace with the ending that matches “yo.”
Yo estudio historia en mi clase de historia.
We study math in math class.
Nosotros estudiamos matemáticas en la clase
de matemáticas.
10. Unidad 3 – La Casa
Está = is
all the
subjects in
these
sentences
are singular.
18. Hablar – To Talk
Take off –ar and add “o” – Yo hablo
Comer – To Eat
Take off –er and add “o” – Yo como
Leer – To Read
Take off –er and add “o” – Yo leo
Dormir – To Sleep
This verb is irregular. Check out the chart
to see how to conjugate it. Yo duermo
19.
20.
21. La Actividad Cultural
The Course Documents link has
all the grading rubrics for each
assignment you will complete
this summer.
