This document summarizes a webinar on behavior change through hygiene education in schools. It discusses how the SPLASH program in Zambia used habit formation strategies like daily group handwashing to improve hygiene behaviors. Small doable actions and reminders paired with facilities helped establish new habits. Schools also influenced household practices through community mobilization. Challenges include advocacy, access to resources, and sustainability, but multi-year programming can help ensure lasting impact. Rotary clubs can support behavior change by forming community corps and making follow-up visits after projects.

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2. TITLE(PART 2): WASH in Schools beyond toilets and tap – behavior
change through hygiene education
(PART 2): WASH in Schools beyond toilets and tap – behavior
change through hygiene education
World Water e-Summit
Rotary & Wasrag
20 October 2015

3. Welcome to the webinar
Sandra (Sandy) Forster, Past District Governor District 5810
Co-Chair World Water Summit 2016 – Seoul, Korea
Wasrag Board Member – 2013-2016
Wasrag Management Team Member – 2014-2016
Rotary Club of Dallas Uptown, Texas, USA

4. Thank you, World Water Summit sponsors
Wasrag appreciates the support of major sponsors to the World Water Summits: Fundación
Avina, Procter & Gamble (Children’s Safe Drinking Water Program), Sunspring Innovative H2O,
The Rotarian, Triple Quest, Water Missions International, and World Vision.

5. Agenda
• Water & Sanitation Rotarian Action Group
• Sarah Fry
• Juan Simon
• Q/A

6. How to Participate
Use the question pane to
type in where you are in
the world, and how the
weather is there.

7. Water & Sanitation Rotarian Action Group | WHO?
• Rotarians committed to support Rotary clubs
for sustainable contributions to WaSH projects
• A group of technical experts who assist clubs
and districts with water, sanitation, and
hygiene projects
– Rainwater harvest, toilets and sanitation systems,
wells and boreholes, dams and aquifers, sand filters,
entrepreneurship, building capacity and partnerships,
WaSH education programs for communities and
more….

8. Water & Sanitation Rotarian Action Group | WHO?
• 1650+ members
• Global: 92 countries, 320 Rotary districts
• Membership is open to Rotarians, family
members of Rotarians, Rotary program
participants and alumni

9. POLL

10. Meet our panelists
Juan Simon – Past District Governor
Country Director Peru
Water Missions International
Rotary Club of Iquitos, Peru
Sarah Fry
Sr. Hygiene and School WASH Advisor
FHI360 (USAID/WASHplus Project)
Washington D.C., USA

11. Hygiene Habit Formation through WASH in Schools in ZambiaHygiene Habit Formation through WASH in Schools in Zambia
SPLASH = Schools PromotingSPLASH = Schools Promoting
Learning Achievement throughLearning Achievement through
Sanitation and HygieneSanitation and Hygiene
•4-year USAID/Zambia-funded school4-year USAID/Zambia-funded school
WASH program (2011-2015)WASH program (2011-2015)
•To sustainably improve access toTo sustainably improve access to
WASH in Zambian primary schools inWASH in Zambian primary schools in
order to improve learning outcomesorder to improve learning outcomes
•Implemented through the MOE byImplemented through the MOE by
FHI360 and CAREFHI360 and CARE

12. • 4 districts
• Over 400
primary
schools

13. SPLASH 2012 Baseline Facilities Survey shows:
- 70% of schools had access to water supply (but
functionality a big problem)
- Only 13% of schools treated drinking water
- Average pupil-to-toilet ratio for girls was 1:207
- 28% of schools had some handwashing
facilities, but most without soap & none with
signs of use

14. Framework For Sustainable WASH in SchoolsFramework For Sustainable WASH in Schools
• Water supply
• Sanitation systems/toilets
• Washrooms for girls
• Soap & cleaning supplies
• Anal cleansing materials
• Menstrual hygiene management
materials
Access to Hardware
• School Led Total Sanitation (SLTS)
• WASH clubs & PTA Committees
• WASH curriculum in & out of
classrooms
• Community mobilization
• Hygiene education campaigns
• Street theater, community radio
Hygiene Practice
Hygiene Improvement
Learning Improvement
Hygiene Improvement
Learning Improvement
Enabling Environment
• Policy improvement
• Financing & cost recovery
• O&M systems
• Institutional strengthening
• Private sector involvement
• Cross-sectoral partnerships

15. Handwashing facilities

16. Hygiene Behavior Change – Best Practices
• Habit formation rather than hygiene
promotion
• “Small Doable Actions”
• Principle of Multiples
• Reminders for practice– pairing
hygiene promotion/education with
products and facilities

17. Focus on Habit Formation
• Habit formation gaining importance as
paradigm for behavior change
• Uses brain science to pinpoint how actions
convert to habits (reflective to reflexive)
E.g.: daily mandatory
group handwashing

18. Pathways to Hygiene Habit Formation
• Group handwashing – daily,
mandatory
• Student WASH Clubs – peer-to-peer,
student to home & community
• Reminders for practice with enabling
products and facilities

19. Small Doable Hygiene Actions
E.g.: “Tippy taps” made from local materials until permanent
handwashing stations are built

20. Small Doable Actions for Menstrual Hygiene Management
Make your own menstrual pads!

21. Principle of Multiples
• Saturation with hygiene/handwashing
messages via multiple channels & media:
o Student WASH Clubs with hygiene
activities & talks
o Teacher training & inclusion
in lesson plans
o Community mobilization
o Use of media such as
community radio
o Big celebrations of Global
Handwashing Day

22. Schools Influence Household Practices
• “School-led Total Sanitation” brings together
school & community to analyze poor hygiene &
sanitation practices
• Households build latrines after contributing to
construction of school facilities
• Many communities have ended open defecation
as a result of school - community mobilization
efforts

23. Biggest challenges/opportunities for behavior change
• Advocacy
o For comprehensive approaches
o For good policies at school level and above
o For integration of WASH in and out of classroom activities
• Access to Resources
o Facilities construction
o Purchase of products, media airtime
o Support for teacher training, teaching materials
o Support for special events like Global Handwashing Day
• Sustainability
o Long term engagement
o Focus on systems

24. Resources on WashPlus Website
• Training Guide to WASH Friendly
Schools
• Teacher’s Guide to WASH
• Emory/SPLASH study on children as
change agents
• School O&M Guide

25. WASH-in-Schools Beyond Toilets and Taps.
Behavior Change through Hygiene Education

26. • Water Missions International is a nonprofit Christian
engineering ministry providing sustainable safe water
and sanitation solutions to people in developing
countries and disasters.
 Founded in 2001, Headquarters in Charleston, SC.
 WMI served over 3 million people in 52 countries
 Ten Country Programs in Haiti, Latin America, Africa and Indonesia.

27. Water Missions International – A Rotary Cooperating Organization

28. Community Needs Evaluation

29. Sustainability
o Community
mobilization
o Development of the
Safe Water Committee
o Community WASH
Promoters Training

30. WASH in Schools in Broader Context
School-based
• Community-level
• Household-level
• Volunteers

31. Latrines use
Household training
Sustainability

32. One year WASH-in-schools programs
• Ensures lasting benefits
for all (i.e. children have
access to services at home
and at school)
• Reinforces key messages
(children hear messages at
home and at school).

33. One year WASH-in-schools programs
Enable children to be
messengers and
advocates of healthy
behaviors at home
and at school.

34. Follow-up visits – Rotary and ROTARACT InvolvementFollow-up visits – Rotary and ROTARACT Involvement

35. Rotarian Involvement in behavior change practices

36. Rotary Involvement :Rotary Involvement : Rotary Community CorpsRotary Community Corps
“Rotary Community Corps are local. They are part
of the community and help mobilize the
community.
They ensure that local needs are met. And most
significantly, a Rotary Community Corps has a
vested interest in its own success. Their members
have to live with the results of their work; their
commitments are the basis for sustainability.
Rotary grant projects that establish Rotary
Community Corps help to ensure that the project’s
impact lives in the community long after Rotary’s
direct support ends.”
Ron Denham,Ron Denham,
Past District Governor and founder of thePast District Governor and founder of the
A Rotary Community Corps can be formed anywhere a
Rotary club is active.

37. Questions?

38. Final remarks by Marga Hewko
Marga Hewko
Co-chair, Wasrag World Water Summit 8
Rotary Club of Chicago, IL

39. WASH series
2015 World Water e-Summit 3: Engaging the
community through WASH in Schools
Tuesday, 27 October, 10:00-11:00 Chicago time
Sector experts will provide guidance on engaging the community
through WASH in Schools projects to ensure local project
ownership and lasting community improvements.
Panelists:
Raul Gauto, (Paraguay) | Strategic Supervisor of Water
Opportunities, AVINA Foundation
Braimah Apambire, Nevada (USA) | Center for International Water
& Sustainability, Desert Research Institute

40. Water and Sanitation Rotarian Action Group
• Become a Wasrag member! Lack of WASH is an affront
to humanity. Help the Rotary family help others.
• Join us to combat this global crisis.
www.wasrag.org

41. Wasrag’s World Water Summit VIII | Seoul, Korea
Wasrag’s World Water Summit VIII
Friday, May 27, 2016
Seoul, Korea
Topic: Sustainable Strategies | Sustainable Solutions
Registration will open by end of October; visit www.wasrag.org.

42. Thank you!
Register for upcoming webinars and
access recordings of past webinars at
www.rotary.org/webinars