Sanitation focuses on drainage, sewerage disposal, and providing safe disposal of human excreta to keep the environment clean and protect water sources. Effective sanitation systems prevent contamination of soil and water. Global organizations promote sanitation facilities in both urban and rural areas, but financial constraints and lack of public awareness have obstructed expansion of sanitation schemes. Innovating service mixes and using marketing approaches can help make sanitation programs more cost-effective and improve health.
This document discusses good governance in the WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) sector. It defines key terms like governance, good governance, water governance, and local governance. Good governance involves transparency, accountability, participation of stakeholders, and sustainable service provision. Water governance requires multi-dimensional approaches across different levels. Local governance for WASH services involves decision-making and relationships that deliver services at the local level through stakeholder participation and gender-sensitive, equitable approaches.
Presentation by Gezahegn Lemecha from IRC WASH on the concept of Climate Resilient WASH. This presentation was given during the Climate Resilient WASH learning workshop in Adama, Ethiopia, on 23 September 2021.
WASH during Emergencies - Presented at MIT Class "Disseminating WASH Innovati...Tom Mahin
This document discusses approaches to implementing water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) during emergencies such as natural disasters, conflicts, and disease outbreaks. It highlights how displacement of large populations increases the risk of waterborne diseases like cholera. Chlorinating water sources is an effective way to reduce cholera but faces challenges for rural and household use. New approaches like chlorine dispensers and tablet chlorinators aim to improve chlorine dosing of community water sources. Hygiene promotion to increase handwashing and use of treated water is also important for preventing outbreaks. The document describes Haiti's 2010 earthquake and 2011 cholera response as case studies.
The document summarizes the Sphere Project, which establishes minimum standards for Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in humanitarian responses. It provides an overview of the Sphere Handbook, including its core beliefs of the right to assistance and alleviating human suffering. The minimum standards cover WASH, food, shelter and health. Each WASH standard addresses key areas like hygiene promotion, water supply, excreta disposal, and provides minimum requirements, key actions, indicators and guidance notes.
Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) through School. School as Center of Excel...Oswar Mungkasa
This document outlines Indonesia's efforts to promote water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) through schools. It discusses milestones such as establishing a school health program in 1970 and a national policy on community-based water and sanitation in 2003. Currently there are 43 million students and 2.7 million teachers in 245,000 educational institutions. The new agenda is to make schools centers of excellence that can accelerate WASH development in surrounding communities. Key next steps include consolidating WASH in school projects, developing a roadmap, piloting projects with support from Dubai Cares, and advocating to replicate programs with local governments and other partners.
Nepal has taken several adaptation actions in response to climate change, guided by national policies and plans. Key actors implementing adaptation include government ministries and local governments working with NGOs and communities. Priority needs addressed are agriculture, water resources, disasters, forests, health, and urban infrastructure. The National Adaptation Program of Action guides implementation of community-level Local Adaptation Plans of Action to build resilience. Programs promote climate literacy, alternative energy, and community-based adaptation in areas like agriculture, though documentation of results needs improvement. Opportunities include strong policies and mainstreaming with other initiatives, while capacity and funding challenges remain.
Sanitation focuses on drainage, sewerage disposal, and providing safe disposal of human excreta to keep the environment clean and protect water sources. Effective sanitation systems prevent contamination of soil and water. Global organizations promote sanitation facilities in both urban and rural areas, but financial constraints and lack of public awareness have obstructed expansion of sanitation schemes. Innovating service mixes and using marketing approaches can help make sanitation programs more cost-effective and improve health.
This document discusses good governance in the WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) sector. It defines key terms like governance, good governance, water governance, and local governance. Good governance involves transparency, accountability, participation of stakeholders, and sustainable service provision. Water governance requires multi-dimensional approaches across different levels. Local governance for WASH services involves decision-making and relationships that deliver services at the local level through stakeholder participation and gender-sensitive, equitable approaches.
Presentation by Gezahegn Lemecha from IRC WASH on the concept of Climate Resilient WASH. This presentation was given during the Climate Resilient WASH learning workshop in Adama, Ethiopia, on 23 September 2021.
WASH during Emergencies - Presented at MIT Class "Disseminating WASH Innovati...Tom Mahin
This document discusses approaches to implementing water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) during emergencies such as natural disasters, conflicts, and disease outbreaks. It highlights how displacement of large populations increases the risk of waterborne diseases like cholera. Chlorinating water sources is an effective way to reduce cholera but faces challenges for rural and household use. New approaches like chlorine dispensers and tablet chlorinators aim to improve chlorine dosing of community water sources. Hygiene promotion to increase handwashing and use of treated water is also important for preventing outbreaks. The document describes Haiti's 2010 earthquake and 2011 cholera response as case studies.
The document summarizes the Sphere Project, which establishes minimum standards for Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in humanitarian responses. It provides an overview of the Sphere Handbook, including its core beliefs of the right to assistance and alleviating human suffering. The minimum standards cover WASH, food, shelter and health. Each WASH standard addresses key areas like hygiene promotion, water supply, excreta disposal, and provides minimum requirements, key actions, indicators and guidance notes.
Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) through School. School as Center of Excel...Oswar Mungkasa
This document outlines Indonesia's efforts to promote water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) through schools. It discusses milestones such as establishing a school health program in 1970 and a national policy on community-based water and sanitation in 2003. Currently there are 43 million students and 2.7 million teachers in 245,000 educational institutions. The new agenda is to make schools centers of excellence that can accelerate WASH development in surrounding communities. Key next steps include consolidating WASH in school projects, developing a roadmap, piloting projects with support from Dubai Cares, and advocating to replicate programs with local governments and other partners.
Nepal has taken several adaptation actions in response to climate change, guided by national policies and plans. Key actors implementing adaptation include government ministries and local governments working with NGOs and communities. Priority needs addressed are agriculture, water resources, disasters, forests, health, and urban infrastructure. The National Adaptation Program of Action guides implementation of community-level Local Adaptation Plans of Action to build resilience. Programs promote climate literacy, alternative energy, and community-based adaptation in areas like agriculture, though documentation of results needs improvement. Opportunities include strong policies and mainstreaming with other initiatives, while capacity and funding challenges remain.
Climate change strategies and policies in ethiopia zewdeazewde alemayehu
1) Ethiopia has developed various policies and strategies to address climate change, beginning with provisions in its constitution guaranteeing environmental rights and sustainable development.
2) Key policies and strategies include the National Adaptation Program of Action, Climate Resilient Green Economy Strategy, and serving as a leader in international climate negotiations.
3) The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is responsible for coordinating climate change efforts and ensuring the realization of environmental rights defined in the constitution.
UNICEF is observing impacts of climate change in East Asia and the Pacific region. Temperatures have risen 0.74°C in the past century and are projected to increase further. Evidence also shows rising sea levels, changes in sea ice and arctic temperatures. Countries like Mongolia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Pacific Islands are experiencing effects like declines in grasslands and forests, changes in rainfall patterns, rising sea levels and temperatures. If emissions continue, the region will likely see more frequent heavy rainfall, heat waves and sea level rise. This poses risks to natural resources, infrastructure and access to water and sanitation. UNICEF is working with countries to assess impacts, strengthen policies and build resilience in the water, san
Disaster risk reduction practices in bangladeshJahangir Alam
Bangladesh
DRR concept
Evolving Paradigms of DM
Actions and Strategies on DRR
Working with Community
Gaps, Concerns, Limitations & Challenges
Learning and Observation
Step Forward
DP ?New generation DRR Practitioner
GANDHI? Conclusion
Bangladesh:
B-Bay of Bengal
A- Agriculture
N-NGOs
G-Garments and GB
L-Land of Rivers
A-Adaptability
D-Disasters, DM, Democracy
E-Emergency
S-SAARC
H-High: Population growth, Vulnerabilities
The document summarizes key points from a presentation about nutrition policy and food security in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It discusses the SDGs which were adopted in 2015 and include 17 goals to end poverty, hunger, and promote health, education, gender equality, and more. The presentation focuses on SDG 2 to end hunger and promote nutrition, the indicators FAO is responsible for monitoring related to agriculture and food security, and Malaysia's commitment and progress toward implementing the 2030 SDG agenda.
Public Engagement Presentation - Jessica CarrollJessica Carroll
This document discusses various approaches to public engagement used by governments. It begins by defining public engagement as a way for governments, stakeholders, communities and citizens to work together to achieve societal goals. Open government data and participatory governance are also defined, outlining their importance in improving public engagement. The document then examines good practices for public engagement used by various cities, including guiding principles, communication strategies, and frameworks. Interactive engagement techniques like voting pads and citizen juries are described. The IAP2 spectrum for public participation is presented, and examples of public engagement in the budgetary process from different cities are provided.
This presentation by Ambrose Kibuuka is a part of IRC’s in-house “What’s for Lunch series”, It reviews progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for sanitation and hygiene, sector trends focusing on Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) and sanitation marketing, and how rich nations achieved universal access to sanitation. It also briefly looks at WASH linkages with climate change, stunting, nutrition, and gender and social inclusion. The presentation concludes that unsafely managed sanitation, especially in rural areas, remains a challenge in developing countries as a result of population growth, climate change and the lack of funding for on-site sanitation and faecal sludge removal. Systems strengthening (in particular access to financing) and strong public commitment are required to achieve universal access to sanitation by 2030. The presentation includes a list of 21 references.
This document discusses emergency coordination in Nigeria. It defines coordination as the intelligent sharing of information and discussion of issues among independent organizations with a common purpose. The key points are:
1) Nigeria's coordination system is called NEMANEMA and involves coordination at the federal, state, and local levels between government agencies, NGOs, and community groups.
2) Effective coordination requires clear communication, transparency, establishing mandates with the government, and recognizing different capacities and competencies.
3) Challenges to coordination include fragmentation, lack of understanding between groups, and competitiveness over funds. Trust, shared vision, and ground rules can help support effective collaboration.
The Sphere standards were created in 1997 to improve disaster response quality and accountability. They establish minimum standards in four sectors: water/sanitation/hygiene, food/nutrition, shelter/settlements, and health. The health standards aim to prevent excess mortality and morbidity by maintaining crude and under-5 mortality rates below double pre-disaster levels through essential health services. Preparedness is key and includes contingency planning, stockpiling, emergency services, training, and community planning to ensure health facilities remain functional during disasters.
These slides describe basics of non-governmental organizations in the context of Nepal. You will get to know about legal frameworks of NGOs also. Slides will focus from health perspective.
On 22 May, 2020, the International Day of Biological Diversity, the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) hosted an online event to discuss how we can translate the global ambition around nature-based solutions for climate change into local action.
This is a presentation given by Chip Cunliffe, sustainable development director at AXA XL.
More details: https://www.iied.org/nature-based-solutions-for-climate-change-global-ambition-local-action
“The aim of the Handbook is to improve the quality of humanitarian response in situations of disaster and conflict, and to enhance the accountability of the humanitarian system to disaster-affected people”
This document outlines the importance of emergency preparedness and response planning for disasters. Key points include:
1) Advance planning, ability to mobilize resources quickly, and practice drills are essential to effective emergency response. Clear lines of authority and coordination between levels of government and organizations are needed.
2) Detailed response plans must be prepared in advance, identify responsibilities, and include inventory of resources, contact information, and trigger mechanisms. Plans must be reviewed and practiced regularly.
3) Training of emergency response teams is critical. Exercises help identify gaps and develop backup strategies. Advance preparation and warning systems can help minimize disaster impacts. Response does not end with the event and lessons learned should inform future plans.
In Nigeria, every year an estimated 124,000 children under the age of 5 die because of diarrhea, mainly due to unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene. Lack of adequate water and sanitation are also major causes of other diseases, including respiratory infection and under-nutrition
OECD Green Talks LIVE: The gender-environment nexusOECD Environment
Gender equality and environmental sustainability are gaining political momentum as global challenges that require urgent co-ordinated action. Women and men around the world are affected in a differentiated way by climate change, deforestation, land degradation, desertification, unsustainable infrastructure, growing water scarcity and inadequate sanitation, making the goals of gender equality and environmental sustainability mutually reinforcing. They may also experience differentiated health impacts from air pollution and chemicals. Yet, very few countries integrate a gender lens to their environmental data collection and policy making.
On 30 March 2023, the OECD held a Green Talks: LIVE webinar, with a presentation by Dimitra Xynou and Valentina Bellisi, Policy Analysts from the Green Finance and Investment division. These are the slides from their presentation.
This document discusses public health emergency preparedness and response. It highlights that planning requires a regional approach since emergencies often cross jurisdictional borders. The public health response differs from other agencies in that it does not involve protective equipment, emergency vehicles, or law enforcement functions. Key public health roles in response include prevention, surveillance, intervention, and addressing emergencies on a larger scale. Planning involves various grants, annexes to the overall plan, and use of the Strategic National Stockpile. The incident command system is used to coordinate the multi-agency response and establish command and control.
This presentation was given by Telesforo Laplana of Plan Philippines
Step by Step Guide sa Disaster Management:
1. Rapid Assessment Form
2. Camp Management Checklist
3. Psychosocial Response
4. Sphere Standards
Tackling sanitation challenges in indian villagesAniket Harsh
This document discusses interventions for improving rural sanitation and creating model villages in India. It outlines that inadequate sanitation costs India over 600,000 lives annually and leads to economic losses of over 2 trillion rupees. To address this, it proposes implementing a demand-driven approach focusing on behavior change through community awareness campaigns. It also suggests supplying affordable and low-maintenance sanitation options like bio-toilets. Developing a gendered approach, improving hygiene practices, fostering government champions, and customizing solutions for each community are key cornerstones for effective sanitation provision outlined in the document.
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA)FAO
This document discusses Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA). It defines DRR as reducing disaster risks through analyzing and managing causal factors, reducing exposure to hazards, lessening vulnerability, improving land and environment management, and preparing for adverse events. CCA is defined as adjusting systems in response to actual or expected climate impacts to moderate potential damages or benefit from opportunities. The document outlines international processes and agendas for DRR and CCA and priorities for action. It discusses rationales for and barriers to harnessing synergies between DRR and CCA, and approaches to facilitate their integration, such as improved access to climate information and risk governance.
The risk of communicable disease transmission increases after disasters due to contamination of water supplies, disruption of disease prevention programs, and overcrowding in shelters. Diseases like cholera, typhoid, and hepatitis spread easily in these conditions. Surveillance is important to identify outbreaks early and target control measures. Key responses include epidemiological monitoring of endemic and disaster-related illnesses, investigation of anomalies, and routine preventative treatment of health workers. Mass vaccination or treatment should be avoided without cause. The goal is to curb epidemics through timely response based on surveillance data.
Access and Behavioral Outcome Indicators for Water, Sanitation, and HygieneAED
The document summarizes a webinar presentation about a manual on access and behavioral outcome indicators for water, sanitation and hygiene programs. The manual was developed through an evidence-based process involving major organizations in the WASH field. It includes essential indicators for measuring access to water and sanitation facilities and behaviors related to handwashing, water treatment and safe excreta disposal. The presentation discusses how the manual can be used to select appropriate indicators for programs, set targets, and modify interventions based on whether targets are met. Limitations and plans for further development are also addressed.
The desire to address the critical need for water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in schools is gaining momentum worldwide. The lack of clean drinking water, toilet facilities for girls and boys and good hygiene practices in schools has a negative impact on the health and cognitive abilities of the entire school population, leads to absenteeism and affects girls especially hard.
This webinar highlights HIP's experience fostering a supportive environment and models for WASH-Friendly Schools in Madagascar and Ethiopia and materials developed to help schools become WASH-friendly.
Presentation by Sarah Fry, USAID-HIP Senior Hygiene Programming Advisor, followed by a Q&A with Sarah and Julia Rosenbaum, USAID-HIP Deputy Director. Moderated by Patricia Mantey, USAID-HIP Knowledge Management Specialist.
More information on USAID-HIP is available at http://www.hip.watsan.net
Climate change strategies and policies in ethiopia zewdeazewde alemayehu
1) Ethiopia has developed various policies and strategies to address climate change, beginning with provisions in its constitution guaranteeing environmental rights and sustainable development.
2) Key policies and strategies include the National Adaptation Program of Action, Climate Resilient Green Economy Strategy, and serving as a leader in international climate negotiations.
3) The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is responsible for coordinating climate change efforts and ensuring the realization of environmental rights defined in the constitution.
UNICEF is observing impacts of climate change in East Asia and the Pacific region. Temperatures have risen 0.74°C in the past century and are projected to increase further. Evidence also shows rising sea levels, changes in sea ice and arctic temperatures. Countries like Mongolia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Pacific Islands are experiencing effects like declines in grasslands and forests, changes in rainfall patterns, rising sea levels and temperatures. If emissions continue, the region will likely see more frequent heavy rainfall, heat waves and sea level rise. This poses risks to natural resources, infrastructure and access to water and sanitation. UNICEF is working with countries to assess impacts, strengthen policies and build resilience in the water, san
Disaster risk reduction practices in bangladeshJahangir Alam
Bangladesh
DRR concept
Evolving Paradigms of DM
Actions and Strategies on DRR
Working with Community
Gaps, Concerns, Limitations & Challenges
Learning and Observation
Step Forward
DP ?New generation DRR Practitioner
GANDHI? Conclusion
Bangladesh:
B-Bay of Bengal
A- Agriculture
N-NGOs
G-Garments and GB
L-Land of Rivers
A-Adaptability
D-Disasters, DM, Democracy
E-Emergency
S-SAARC
H-High: Population growth, Vulnerabilities
The document summarizes key points from a presentation about nutrition policy and food security in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It discusses the SDGs which were adopted in 2015 and include 17 goals to end poverty, hunger, and promote health, education, gender equality, and more. The presentation focuses on SDG 2 to end hunger and promote nutrition, the indicators FAO is responsible for monitoring related to agriculture and food security, and Malaysia's commitment and progress toward implementing the 2030 SDG agenda.
Public Engagement Presentation - Jessica CarrollJessica Carroll
This document discusses various approaches to public engagement used by governments. It begins by defining public engagement as a way for governments, stakeholders, communities and citizens to work together to achieve societal goals. Open government data and participatory governance are also defined, outlining their importance in improving public engagement. The document then examines good practices for public engagement used by various cities, including guiding principles, communication strategies, and frameworks. Interactive engagement techniques like voting pads and citizen juries are described. The IAP2 spectrum for public participation is presented, and examples of public engagement in the budgetary process from different cities are provided.
This presentation by Ambrose Kibuuka is a part of IRC’s in-house “What’s for Lunch series”, It reviews progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for sanitation and hygiene, sector trends focusing on Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) and sanitation marketing, and how rich nations achieved universal access to sanitation. It also briefly looks at WASH linkages with climate change, stunting, nutrition, and gender and social inclusion. The presentation concludes that unsafely managed sanitation, especially in rural areas, remains a challenge in developing countries as a result of population growth, climate change and the lack of funding for on-site sanitation and faecal sludge removal. Systems strengthening (in particular access to financing) and strong public commitment are required to achieve universal access to sanitation by 2030. The presentation includes a list of 21 references.
This document discusses emergency coordination in Nigeria. It defines coordination as the intelligent sharing of information and discussion of issues among independent organizations with a common purpose. The key points are:
1) Nigeria's coordination system is called NEMANEMA and involves coordination at the federal, state, and local levels between government agencies, NGOs, and community groups.
2) Effective coordination requires clear communication, transparency, establishing mandates with the government, and recognizing different capacities and competencies.
3) Challenges to coordination include fragmentation, lack of understanding between groups, and competitiveness over funds. Trust, shared vision, and ground rules can help support effective collaboration.
The Sphere standards were created in 1997 to improve disaster response quality and accountability. They establish minimum standards in four sectors: water/sanitation/hygiene, food/nutrition, shelter/settlements, and health. The health standards aim to prevent excess mortality and morbidity by maintaining crude and under-5 mortality rates below double pre-disaster levels through essential health services. Preparedness is key and includes contingency planning, stockpiling, emergency services, training, and community planning to ensure health facilities remain functional during disasters.
These slides describe basics of non-governmental organizations in the context of Nepal. You will get to know about legal frameworks of NGOs also. Slides will focus from health perspective.
On 22 May, 2020, the International Day of Biological Diversity, the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) hosted an online event to discuss how we can translate the global ambition around nature-based solutions for climate change into local action.
This is a presentation given by Chip Cunliffe, sustainable development director at AXA XL.
More details: https://www.iied.org/nature-based-solutions-for-climate-change-global-ambition-local-action
“The aim of the Handbook is to improve the quality of humanitarian response in situations of disaster and conflict, and to enhance the accountability of the humanitarian system to disaster-affected people”
This document outlines the importance of emergency preparedness and response planning for disasters. Key points include:
1) Advance planning, ability to mobilize resources quickly, and practice drills are essential to effective emergency response. Clear lines of authority and coordination between levels of government and organizations are needed.
2) Detailed response plans must be prepared in advance, identify responsibilities, and include inventory of resources, contact information, and trigger mechanisms. Plans must be reviewed and practiced regularly.
3) Training of emergency response teams is critical. Exercises help identify gaps and develop backup strategies. Advance preparation and warning systems can help minimize disaster impacts. Response does not end with the event and lessons learned should inform future plans.
In Nigeria, every year an estimated 124,000 children under the age of 5 die because of diarrhea, mainly due to unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene. Lack of adequate water and sanitation are also major causes of other diseases, including respiratory infection and under-nutrition
OECD Green Talks LIVE: The gender-environment nexusOECD Environment
Gender equality and environmental sustainability are gaining political momentum as global challenges that require urgent co-ordinated action. Women and men around the world are affected in a differentiated way by climate change, deforestation, land degradation, desertification, unsustainable infrastructure, growing water scarcity and inadequate sanitation, making the goals of gender equality and environmental sustainability mutually reinforcing. They may also experience differentiated health impacts from air pollution and chemicals. Yet, very few countries integrate a gender lens to their environmental data collection and policy making.
On 30 March 2023, the OECD held a Green Talks: LIVE webinar, with a presentation by Dimitra Xynou and Valentina Bellisi, Policy Analysts from the Green Finance and Investment division. These are the slides from their presentation.
This document discusses public health emergency preparedness and response. It highlights that planning requires a regional approach since emergencies often cross jurisdictional borders. The public health response differs from other agencies in that it does not involve protective equipment, emergency vehicles, or law enforcement functions. Key public health roles in response include prevention, surveillance, intervention, and addressing emergencies on a larger scale. Planning involves various grants, annexes to the overall plan, and use of the Strategic National Stockpile. The incident command system is used to coordinate the multi-agency response and establish command and control.
This presentation was given by Telesforo Laplana of Plan Philippines
Step by Step Guide sa Disaster Management:
1. Rapid Assessment Form
2. Camp Management Checklist
3. Psychosocial Response
4. Sphere Standards
Tackling sanitation challenges in indian villagesAniket Harsh
This document discusses interventions for improving rural sanitation and creating model villages in India. It outlines that inadequate sanitation costs India over 600,000 lives annually and leads to economic losses of over 2 trillion rupees. To address this, it proposes implementing a demand-driven approach focusing on behavior change through community awareness campaigns. It also suggests supplying affordable and low-maintenance sanitation options like bio-toilets. Developing a gendered approach, improving hygiene practices, fostering government champions, and customizing solutions for each community are key cornerstones for effective sanitation provision outlined in the document.
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA)FAO
This document discusses Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA). It defines DRR as reducing disaster risks through analyzing and managing causal factors, reducing exposure to hazards, lessening vulnerability, improving land and environment management, and preparing for adverse events. CCA is defined as adjusting systems in response to actual or expected climate impacts to moderate potential damages or benefit from opportunities. The document outlines international processes and agendas for DRR and CCA and priorities for action. It discusses rationales for and barriers to harnessing synergies between DRR and CCA, and approaches to facilitate their integration, such as improved access to climate information and risk governance.
The risk of communicable disease transmission increases after disasters due to contamination of water supplies, disruption of disease prevention programs, and overcrowding in shelters. Diseases like cholera, typhoid, and hepatitis spread easily in these conditions. Surveillance is important to identify outbreaks early and target control measures. Key responses include epidemiological monitoring of endemic and disaster-related illnesses, investigation of anomalies, and routine preventative treatment of health workers. Mass vaccination or treatment should be avoided without cause. The goal is to curb epidemics through timely response based on surveillance data.
Access and Behavioral Outcome Indicators for Water, Sanitation, and HygieneAED
The document summarizes a webinar presentation about a manual on access and behavioral outcome indicators for water, sanitation and hygiene programs. The manual was developed through an evidence-based process involving major organizations in the WASH field. It includes essential indicators for measuring access to water and sanitation facilities and behaviors related to handwashing, water treatment and safe excreta disposal. The presentation discusses how the manual can be used to select appropriate indicators for programs, set targets, and modify interventions based on whether targets are met. Limitations and plans for further development are also addressed.
The desire to address the critical need for water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in schools is gaining momentum worldwide. The lack of clean drinking water, toilet facilities for girls and boys and good hygiene practices in schools has a negative impact on the health and cognitive abilities of the entire school population, leads to absenteeism and affects girls especially hard.
This webinar highlights HIP's experience fostering a supportive environment and models for WASH-Friendly Schools in Madagascar and Ethiopia and materials developed to help schools become WASH-friendly.
Presentation by Sarah Fry, USAID-HIP Senior Hygiene Programming Advisor, followed by a Q&A with Sarah and Julia Rosenbaum, USAID-HIP Deputy Director. Moderated by Patricia Mantey, USAID-HIP Knowledge Management Specialist.
More information on USAID-HIP is available at http://www.hip.watsan.net
Meeting the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Needs of People Living with HIV/AID...AED
The document discusses integrating water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) initiatives into HIV/AIDS programs. Key points include:
- Diarrhea is a major issue for those with HIV/AIDS and reduces nutrient/medication absorption.
- Simple interventions like water treatment, handwashing with soap, and use of latrines can significantly reduce diarrhea rates.
- An approach is presented that identifies small, doable actions to improve WASH practices and integrates these strategies into existing HIV/AIDS home-based care, testing, and treatment programs.
This webinar covers the USAID/Hygiene Improvement Project's WASH Training Package, which includeds information on hand washing; safe water treatment, storage and handling; and sanitation. The WASH Training Package consists of three main documents: a guide for training outreach workers, an outreach workers handbook, and a collection of resource materials.
Integration of WASH and Nutrition: Successes, Challenges, and Implications fo...Jordan Teague
The relationship between water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and nutrition is well-known and well-documented in the literature. Lack of WASH causes diarrheal disease and is associated with environmental enteropathy. Both of these inhibit the absorption and use of calories and nutrients, causing undernutrition. In turn, undernutrition makes children more vulnerable to enteric infections like diarrheal disease.
It is recognized that WASH and nutrition programs are both necessary to achieve improved health outcomes. Studies have shown that the most effective interventions will be those that combine both improved nutrition and infection control and prevention efforts. However, there is
limited evidence on how WASH and nutrition programs are integrated in the field, what barriers these programs face, and what stakeholders believe to be necessary for successful integration.
This study explored this integration to identify barriers to and necessary steps for successful integration of WASH and nutrition programs.Participants identified a total of 14 barriers or challenges and a total of 11 actions, strategies, or changes needed to support effective integration. The main barriers and needs are listed below.
Barriers:
- Insufficient or siloed funding
- Staff capacity and interest
- Knowledge of each sector
- Coordination between sectors
- Lack of evidence on impact of integrated programs
Needs:
- Comprehensive strategy
- Coordination between sectors
- Funding and donor support
- Evidence of impact of integrated programs
- Leadership
Integrating programs in public health is not an emerging concept, but has yet to be operationalized in WASH and nutrition practice. Below are several suggested initial steps toward effective integration of WASH and nutrition:
- Donors should support and fund integration in appropriate contexts through integrated funding streams
- Donors should fund operational research to generate the evidence base of the additive or multiplicative effects of integrated programs and to formulate a standard methodology for integration
- The WASH and nutrition sectors should improve knowledge sharing and cross-training
- Organizations and donors should design incentives through reporting or evaluation criteria for the WASH and nutrition sectors to work in collaboration toward common
goals, objectives, and targets
Source: Teague, J, et al. (2014). Water, sanitation, hygiene, and nutrition: successes, challenges, and implications for integration. International Journal of Public Health. DOI: 10.1007/s00038-014-0580-8.
An overview of Rotary India WinS (WASH in Schools) program in India. Rotary in India is undertaking WASH program in 10000 government schools. We must know that fulfilling every child's right to water, sanitation and hygiene education remains a major challenge in India. Although our Union and State governments have made great strides over the years towards safeguarding the well being of children, there are millions of children in our country who have no access to drinking water, sanitation facilities and hygiene education. The sustainable WinS (WASH in Schools) program launched by Rotary with the support of UNICEF is intended to improve health, foster learning and enable children to participate as agents of change for their siblings, their parents and the community at large. Rotary in India will have a role in making sure that every child receives the benefits of WASH in Schools.
The document provides instructions for enlarging shapes from their centers of enlargement with various scale factors to form a word. Readers are told to enlarge each shape on their worksheet according to the instructions on each shape, which may include different scale factors and whether to leave shapes with negative scale factors until the end. An example is provided of a shape labeled to be left until the end.
The document provides highlights from the cast and crew of a high school musical production of Grease. It mentions various students fulfilling roles like Danny Zuko and Sandy, as well as working as part of the stage crew. It also references rehearsing song routines and building the set pieces, showing the collaborative effort required to put on the musical performance.
This document provides instructions for setting up newspaper-style columns in a word processing document. It explains that newspaper columns present information that reads down, then up again. The steps outlined include selecting the text for columns, clicking the Page Layout tab, choosing the number of columns from the Columns button dropdown, and optionally adding a line between columns. It also provides directions for centering a heading across multiple columns using continuous breaks.
The document outlines rules for blogging safely by not posting personal information like home addresses, full names, phone numbers, age, or photos of oneself, as well as copyrighted content or social media details. It notes that bloggers can post photos of objects, drawings, photos taken at school, information and writing they created themselves, and links to other sites.
Texas STaR Chart - Collins Middle School Campus Reportckingwevl
The document discusses Collins Middle School's 2009 results from the Texas STaR Chart assessment. The STaR Chart is a tool used to evaluate a school's technology and readiness based on the state's Long-Range Plan for Technology. Collins Middle School scored in the "Developing Technology" level for all four key areas of Teaching and Learning, Educator Preparation and Development, Leadership/Administration/Support, and Infrastructure. Leadership, Administration and Instructional Support was identified as a strength while Teaching and Learning was noted as an area for improvement.
The document provides guidance to students and families on preparing for and navigating the college admissions process. It discusses what colleges look for in applications, including grades, standardized test scores, extracurricular activities, and recommendations. It also provides timelines for activities like taking standardized tests, researching colleges, writing essays, and submitting applications. The goal is to help students identify good college fits and strengthen their applications.
1. O documento discute a origem da consciência humana e da Família Galáctica da Terra, sugerindo que elas surgiram de uma fragmentação inicial de uma consciência unificada no Todo.
2. Essa fragmentação ocorreu quando parte da consciência unificada passou pelo "Prisma de Lira", um buraco branco na constelação de Lira, e se dividiu em sete frequências vibratórias representando a consciência coletiva da Família Galáctica.
3. Cada fragmento obteve con
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Ramesh Chembath is the AVP of Sales and Marketing at Godrej Appliances. The document discusses key issues and challenges in rural marketing, including a large and diverse rural market, infrastructure challenges, and standard of living issues. It also outlines effective rural marketing strategies like utilizing rural media and distribution channels like local markets. The role of IT in retail is described, including tools for inventory management, forecasting, and point-of-sale systems. Record management processes like creation, maintenance, and disposition are also summarized.
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3 TZ Marketing Sanitation Striking Wash CommunicationWash Com
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Experiences and Lessons Learned in Sanitation Marketing
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5. The Hygiene Improvement Framework (HIF) for a Sanitation Market HARDWARE GOODS and SERVICES PROMOTION MARKETING and PROMOTION ENABLING ENVIRONMENT POLICY and LAWS HYGIENE IMPROVEMENT HH SANITATION
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Editor's Notes
Sanitation markets offer a self-sustaining dynamic – a household has no incentive to wait for the next subsidized sanitation campaign. Socio-cultural pressure and desire for status and health motivate households to improve santiation. The market brings them information on how they can afford to purchase what they want.
In sanitation marketing, households are no longer beneficiaries, but are treated as consumers Consumers have the freedom to step onto the sanitation ladder wherever they wish and improve their sanitation status at a pace that they can afford. There are cultures where a nice toilet/latrine is a status symbol, offered for the use of guests, but not used by the household. Obviously there are promotion challenges in these situations
The Hygiene Improvement Framework (HIF) was developed some years ago in the USAID Environmental Health Project as a conceptual framework for designing programs that improve hygiene behaviors in individuals and populations. These can include water provision and treatment, handwashing, sanitation, etc. Programmers need to ensure that each of these sectors is addressed in some fashion as overlooking gaps in a particular area can undermine investments in another.
There is an existing framework in place – some kind of demand, some kind of supply and some kind of enabling environment, no matter how weak they might be We study each of these areas in detail: what is the nature of the demand, what motivates people to address sanitation, what messages touch them, what are their aspirations; what are the existing products and services, the potential for new ones, the market linkages, etc.; what kind of access to credit exists, role of local, regional, national government, development programs, et We design a program to fill gaps in the current functions of the market and to build capacity in market actors to assume these functions, and we figure out how to nudge the market forward to get consumers to begin making purchases and the money (incentives) flowing We implement our activities and where supply, demand, and the enabling market meet – we’ve a santiation market
This Diagram, (taken from HIP’s Sanitation Marketing for Managers – Guidance and Tools for Program Development), does a good job of mapping out the key actors in the sanitation market, their functions, and their inter-relationships.
Refer to notes on previous animated slide
HIP has worked closely with numerous donors, NGOs, and individual consultants on these efforts…
HIP hygiene improvement activities began in 2006… and Sanitation Marketing in 2008. Supply-side of market received most attention.
Currently 21 SanPlat producers and 67 sales points operate in four of Madagascar’s six principle cities. One Bloc Sanitaire has been operating and five more are coming on line.
Program kicked-off with detailed Opportunities Assessment that concluded that, yes, conditions in Uganda are conducive and supportive of a Sanmark initiative. GoU’s Financing Strategy for Improving Sanitation and Hygiene (ISH) key supporting policy at national level, whilke local by-laws further support and focus attention on increasing access to sanitation.
In-Depth Interviews with consumers and suppliers; communication and financial assessments conducted. Demonstrated interest from government leaders in neighboring Districts; bodes well for replication PLAN/Uganda continuing to fund activities to support linking CLTS and sanitation marketing, in support of District SanMark strategy.
Districts – Pachacutec in Callao (Lima); peri-urban; ADRA Peru NGO implementer Chinchero in Cusco; rural communities and secondary city; ADRA Peru is NGO Implementer Independencia in Huaraz; rural communities and secondary city; CARE Peru is implementer - Namora in Cajamarca; rural and secondary city; CARE Peru is implementer - Belen in Iquitos; peri-urban and secondary city; CARITAS Peru implementer
Demand assessment showed that health messages not motivators – status is important Already demand for sanitation – but articulated for a high rung option – pour flush toilet No CLTS, but intensive marketing assessment and campaigns In Chinchero, a key actor turned out to be a financial institution who saw profit in making home improvement loans for sanitation Independencia a hardware store came up with its own low-cost flush toilet product to market Pachacutec developed a low cost toilet and superstructure option that fit better with the location and building materials employed there Cajamarca experimented with village banks for credit, market leadership was assumed by rural hardware stores, market accessed state funding through a poverty alleviation program. Looking at the water and santiaton utility of Lima, the mining industry, and others to implement santiation marketing activities in new geographies
Multi-faceted approach – needs not only interdisciplinary team but experienced professionals. Approach is about understanding, targeting, building capacity, facilitating, the actors and their market functions, and strategically nudging the market toward self-sustaining status Social marketing of sanitation is inherently complex – the investment for a household is substantial, the hardware requires site-specific design, construction; the market segments are varied and multi-dimensional, working with demand supply and enabling environment brings in business, finance, engineering, marketing, communication, governance, etc.: interventinos are multi-disciplinary and integrating them a challenge Old habits - Paradigm change – from supply side approaches to market-building Programmatically (no hardware subsidies, no status quo) Professionally (engineers, public health practitioners, marketers think differently) Moving from beneficiaries to consumers Expect the unexpected…market directions are hard to define, they will grow organically to best serve the needs of participants; need to be ready to respond and react to these positive developments
This materials can be downloaded by clicking on the link provided on this slide. You can also send an email to one of the contact listed and we will send you the CD containing this materials. We hope you will find it useful. Feel free to adapt it, copy and paste in your training manual or in any other materials as you see fit. Please let us know how it works. Also 2010 productions from WSP: Reports on Global Scaling up Sanitation Project: Progress Report: Indonesia, Tanzania, and the States of Himachal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, India July1 – December 31 2009 Building the Capacity of Local Government to Scale Up Community-Led Total Sanitation and Santiation Marketing in Rural Areas… April 2010 Case Study on sustainability of Rural Sanitation Marketing in Vietnam… April 2010 And from the WSP Sanitation Global Practice Team a Technical Paper on; Financing On-Site Sanitation for the Poor: A Six Country Comparative Review and Analysis… January 2010
Sarah Fry on HIP/ Madagascar Sanitation Marketing Malva Baskovitch on WSP /Peru Sanitation Marketing