This document summarizes a presentation on lameness in dairy cows and its impacts on welfare and farm sustainability. A simulation model was used to estimate the prevalence and economic costs of different foot disorders in dairy herds. Subclinical disorders were found to account for 32% of total costs of €53 per cow annually. Digital dermatitis caused the highest costs due to its high incidence and clinical prevalence. Welfare impacts were also estimated based on pain levels associated with different disorders. Improving foot health was determined to benefit both welfare and farm economics through reduced production losses and improved sustainability.
Lameness, Hoof, and Leg Issues in Dairy Cattle- Part 2DAIReXNET
This document discusses factors that can lead to interrupted production of sole tissue in cattle, resulting in lameness issues. It notes that poor hygiene, defective soles, and other external factors can play a role. It also describes how excessive pressure on the corium from issues like claw shape, flooring, and prolonged standing can reduce blood flow and cause bruising. Left untreated, problems like sole abscesses and ulcers can develop. The document emphasizes the importance of cow comfort, proper trimming and foot care, and early treatment of lame cows to prevent problems from worsening.
This document provides information on managing lameness in dairy cows to improve their productivity and welfare. It notes that lameness is one of the main reasons cows are culled and costs farms money, and that many lame cows go undetected. It recommends daily monitoring for early signs of lameness, soft deep bedding for comfort, soft flooring like rubber, regular foot bathing and claw trimming, and prompt treatment of any lameness issues detected. Adopting these practices can help cows move freely, reduce lameness incidence, and improve milk yields.
Can I Really Prevent My Cows from Becoming Lame?DAIReXNET
This document discusses factors that can lead to lameness in dairy cattle from both internal and external perspectives. Internally, laminitis, loss of hoof cushioning, and excessive pressure can affect hoof health. Externally, factors like cow comfort, handling, nutrition, stress, and hygiene influence hoof health. Proper management of stall access and condition, movement and handling of cows, and trimming can help minimize external impacts and prevent lameness.
Dan McFarland, an Agricultural Engineering Extension Educator for Penn State University, presented this material for DAIReXNET on January 14, 2015.
Find more information at http://www.extension.org/pages/15830/archived-dairy-cattle-webinars
This document discusses lameness in dairy cattle. It begins by introducing the topic and outlining the structure of lameness, which involves 3 phases: initial activation, local mechanical damage, and progressive local damage of bone. It then discusses prevention methods like locomotion scoring and foot trimming programs. Lameness negatively impacts productivity by reducing milk production and causing late pregnancy. The conclusion emphasizes that lameness can be prevented through proper management strategies as it significantly affects animal health and production.
Cattle lameness is one of the most significant issues in dairy farming, with 95% of lame cattle being dairy breeds. The majority of cases involve the digits, with 50% being in the hind limbs and 50% involving the horny tissue or skin such as digital dermatitis. Foot rot is caused by bacteria such as Fusobacterium necrophorum living in soil that enters through skin injuries between the toes, causing swelling and pain. It is treated with antibiotics and cleaning of lesions. Digital dermatitis causes lameness and lesions on the feet, and is linked to bacteria like Dichelobacter and Treponema, though its cause is uncertain. Interdigital dermatitis is a skin infection between the
Metabolic disorders in dairy animals are disturbances in metabolic processes that often occur around calving. Key periods are the last 3 weeks of pregnancy and the first 3 weeks of lactation due to hormonal and dietary changes. Common metabolic disorders include milk fever, ketosis, fatty liver disease, left displaced abomasum, and laminitis. Preventing these disorders requires careful management of nutrition, especially transition diets between dry and lactating periods.
Lameness, Hoof, and Leg Issues in Dairy Cattle- Part 2DAIReXNET
This document discusses factors that can lead to interrupted production of sole tissue in cattle, resulting in lameness issues. It notes that poor hygiene, defective soles, and other external factors can play a role. It also describes how excessive pressure on the corium from issues like claw shape, flooring, and prolonged standing can reduce blood flow and cause bruising. Left untreated, problems like sole abscesses and ulcers can develop. The document emphasizes the importance of cow comfort, proper trimming and foot care, and early treatment of lame cows to prevent problems from worsening.
This document provides information on managing lameness in dairy cows to improve their productivity and welfare. It notes that lameness is one of the main reasons cows are culled and costs farms money, and that many lame cows go undetected. It recommends daily monitoring for early signs of lameness, soft deep bedding for comfort, soft flooring like rubber, regular foot bathing and claw trimming, and prompt treatment of any lameness issues detected. Adopting these practices can help cows move freely, reduce lameness incidence, and improve milk yields.
Can I Really Prevent My Cows from Becoming Lame?DAIReXNET
This document discusses factors that can lead to lameness in dairy cattle from both internal and external perspectives. Internally, laminitis, loss of hoof cushioning, and excessive pressure can affect hoof health. Externally, factors like cow comfort, handling, nutrition, stress, and hygiene influence hoof health. Proper management of stall access and condition, movement and handling of cows, and trimming can help minimize external impacts and prevent lameness.
Dan McFarland, an Agricultural Engineering Extension Educator for Penn State University, presented this material for DAIReXNET on January 14, 2015.
Find more information at http://www.extension.org/pages/15830/archived-dairy-cattle-webinars
This document discusses lameness in dairy cattle. It begins by introducing the topic and outlining the structure of lameness, which involves 3 phases: initial activation, local mechanical damage, and progressive local damage of bone. It then discusses prevention methods like locomotion scoring and foot trimming programs. Lameness negatively impacts productivity by reducing milk production and causing late pregnancy. The conclusion emphasizes that lameness can be prevented through proper management strategies as it significantly affects animal health and production.
Cattle lameness is one of the most significant issues in dairy farming, with 95% of lame cattle being dairy breeds. The majority of cases involve the digits, with 50% being in the hind limbs and 50% involving the horny tissue or skin such as digital dermatitis. Foot rot is caused by bacteria such as Fusobacterium necrophorum living in soil that enters through skin injuries between the toes, causing swelling and pain. It is treated with antibiotics and cleaning of lesions. Digital dermatitis causes lameness and lesions on the feet, and is linked to bacteria like Dichelobacter and Treponema, though its cause is uncertain. Interdigital dermatitis is a skin infection between the
Metabolic disorders in dairy animals are disturbances in metabolic processes that often occur around calving. Key periods are the last 3 weeks of pregnancy and the first 3 weeks of lactation due to hormonal and dietary changes. Common metabolic disorders include milk fever, ketosis, fatty liver disease, left displaced abomasum, and laminitis. Preventing these disorders requires careful management of nutrition, especially transition diets between dry and lactating periods.
Claw affection presented by dr. awad rizkAwad Rizk
Claw affections in cattle are common causes of lameness in dairy cows, accounting for 90% of limb affections. The most common claw disorders that cause lameness are interdigital necrobacillosis (foot rot), interdigital hyperplasia (corns), interdigital dermatitis (scald), digital dermatitis (heel warts), and laminitis. These disorders lead to pain and inflammation, reducing productivity and changing cow behavior. Proper management including clean, dry housing and regular foot trimming can help prevent and control claw disorders.
lameness (equine hoof affections) Dr. Alaa GhazyDr. Alaa Ghazy
Laminitis is a painful condition that affects the sensitive laminae that attach the hoof wall to the pedal bone. It occurs in three phases - acute, sub-acute, and chronic. The primary causes are excessive carbohydrate/grain intake, retained placenta, pituitary tumors, and more. Treatment focuses on eliminating the cause, relieving pain, improving circulation, and providing support. This involves medication, corrective trimming and shoeing, and sometimes surgery. Nail bind occurs when a nail is driven too close to the laminae, while nail prick means the nail penetrated the laminae. Both can cause lameness. Penetrating wounds to the foot are serious as infection can be introduced near important
Dairy Reproduction: Identifying Problems and Solutions for Your HerdDAIReXNET
Ray Nebel of Select Sires, Inc. presented this information for DAIReXNET on March 17, 2014. A recording of the full presentation can be found at http://www.extension.org/pages/15830/archived-dairy-cattle-webinars#.Uyigy86nbZU,
This document summarizes several metabolic disorders that can occur in livestock, including pasture bloat, enterotoxemia, grass tetany, ketosis, night blindness, nitrate poisoning, liver abscesses, pregnancy disease in ewes, parturient paresis (milk fever), mastitis, displaced abomasum, hemorrhagic bowel syndrome, and laminitis. The causes, symptoms, and treatments are described briefly for each disorder. Metabolic disorders can be caused by genetic defects, toxins, nutrient deficiencies or excesses, and other factors like changes in diet or lush pastures. timely diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent illness and death in affected animals.
Reproductive behaviour: 1-Sexual behaviour in animalsrhfayed
Reproductive Behaviour involve behaviour patterns associated with courtship, copulation, birth, maternal care and with suckling attempts of newborn. It is species specific behaviour
Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the udder in dairy cows that can range from subclinical to clinical. It is primarily caused by bacterial infections that enter through the teat canal. Mastitis has significant economic impacts on dairy farms through reduced milk production and quality. Proper milking procedures and hygiene are critical to mastitis prevention. A 10 step program including teat dipping, equipment maintenance, and monitoring somatic cell counts can help control mastitis on dairy farms.
This document discusses whether technology pays for itself in dairy farming. It provides an overview of the history of sensor use on dairy farms since the 1970s and their increasing adoption. Success factors for precision technology include system specifications that provide useful information, cost efficiency where benefits outweigh costs, and non-economic factors like risk tolerance. Studies show sensor systems for mastitis and estrus detection can increase productivity and profitability on farms, though their benefits are not always fully realized in practice due to limited use of sensor information and farmer attitudes. In conclusion, sensors have the potential to improve farms economically and enhance dairy cattle welfare but not all systems may be cost-effective.
Animal health economics and precision farmingHenk Hogeveen
Last week I was at Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) in Indonesia. The goal was to do a field visit on the Avian Influenza project we have together with IPB, Wageningen University and Utrecht University.
I was invited at three groups to present something about my research: Animal health economics and precision farming. I have provided some generic background about animal health economics, but also gave some examples of work we did i normative modelling and empirical modelling and showed developments in the field that we call precision livestock farming. The presentation here, is the combination of all three presentation. So it contains a large number of slides.
I was invited by Study club Morgen (tomorrow), a group of progressive (larger) Dutch dairy farmers to present at their annual meeting about cattle replacement decisions. Core of my presentation is that young stock rearing is more costly than you think. Given the Dutch phosphate laws (that are now developed), the costs will only increase. Think about the need for replacement: how many of your cows do need to be replaced and based upon that, think about numbers of young stock to raise. Do raise the young stock good.
Effect of sensor systems on production, health, reproduction and economic res...Henk Hogeveen
This study investigated the effects of sensor systems on Dutch dairy farms in terms of milk production, udder health, reproduction, and economics. Data was collected from 512 farms with and without sensors from 2003-2013. Farms with automatic milking systems (AMS) or cow management systems (CMS) that used sensors for mastitis and estrus detection were compared with farms without sensors. The results showed lower somatic cell counts on CMS farms after sensor investment, but higher counts on AMS farms. Sensor use did not improve reproduction performance. Capital costs increased for AMS farms after investment, but no effects on labor costs were observed. In conclusion, sensor investment was associated with improved udder health on CMS farms but not other measured outcomes.
I just gave a opening keynote on the North American Precision dairy farming conference. I showed some data that we recently collected on the use of sensor systems and the effects of these systems on farm performance.
Inaugural address: Management of animal healthHenk Hogeveen
Inaugural address. On June 4, I gave my inaugural address, entitled Optimal management of animal health: Balancing between the interests of farmers and society.
Although that event is quite ceremonial, nowadays slides are used to support the address. However, the slides are merely illustrations than very informative.
Economic farm figures and the milk quotumHenk Hogeveen
I was invited by veterinary practise 't Leijdal (Chaam, the Netherlands) to give a presentation to their farmers. At the moment, the milk quota in the EU is abandoned. Many farmers think it is "liberation day". However, there will be a higher demand for their stockmanship and economic enterpreneurship. I gave a few ideas what will be important. Production per cow per day will become essential and due to the higher value of milk production losses, animal diseases wil lhave larger economic consequences
Last week I gave a presentation about the costs of mastitis at a symposium organized by the Dutch farm magazine Boerderij in co-operation with GD Animal Health Service. The title of the symposium was: Gezonde melkveehouderij (healthy dairy farming). I was asked to present the effects of the abolishment of the milk quota on costs of mastitis. Costs of mastitis do increase with more than 50 % because of the liberalized milk market in the EU. Besides that, I asked attention for preventive costs and failure costs of mastitis. The farmers are the ones that have to find the optimal balance and farm-specific economic calculations can help them with those decisions.
Economic analysis for different levels of decision makingHenk Hogeveen
I was invited to give a keynote presentation for the German languaged Epidemiology meeting which was held last week in Zurich, Switzerland. My presentation gave an overview of the decision problem in animal health and gives some examples of economic analyses that have been made at different levels of decision making. Specific items were: dry cow therapy, Q fever and BSE
Associations between farmer participation in veterinary herd health programs ...Henk Hogeveen
As you might know from me already, veterinary herd health and management programs are an important part of the activities of production animal vets in the Netherlands. The final presentation I gave at the Livestock Production and Health group of the South African Veterinary Assocation in Skukuza was summarizing the PhD work of Marjolein Derks (who will defend her thesis on June 26). There are some interesting findings from this work.
The economics of an infectious disease outbreak: Using the European Q Fever e...Henk Hogeveen
The Q fever outbreak a number of years was quite devastating. Human health was affected and this lead to quite some stringent measures to guarantee the prevention of transmission from goats to humans. Maaike Gonggrijp, for her MSc work, made an interesting quantitative value chain analysis. For the Livestock Production and Health group of the South African Veterinary Assocation, I used that work to present in the small ruminant session.
Economic consequences of reproductive performance in dairy cattle Henk Hogeveen
This document summarizes the economic consequences of reproductive performance in dairy cattle. It finds that the optimal voluntary waiting period before starting inseminations varies depending on cow factors and economic considerations, but is generally less than 10 weeks for 90% of cows. The optimal time to stop inseminating cows is between 10-16 months postpartum based on models of declining conception probabilities over time. Accounting for factors like parity, months in milk, milk production level, and previous insemination attempts provides a more accurate assessment of when insemination value turns negative.
New developments in the Dutch dairy sectorHenk Hogeveen
This was the opening presentation I gave at the 2014 Congress of the LIvestock Health and Production Group of the South African Veterinary Association. The organization asked me to give an overview of recent developments in the Dutch dairy sector. i have chose to pick three developments that are, in my opinion, interesting for veterinarians: 1. the ongoing automation of the sector, 2. the abolisment of the quota system (and a little background) and 3. the reduced use of antibiotics.
Economics of animal health: A little theory and some applicationsHenk Hogeveen
At the moment I am in Kenya, at a site visit of Dr Esther Wafula, who is doing a PhD with us in Utrecht. Today I gave a presentation at KARI, the Kenyan Agricultural Research Institute. This is a huge institute, consisting of more than 3000 people. People responsible for animal health work both from KARI as well as the University of Nairobi were present.
The presentation has quite some overlap with the one I gave last year in Kupang. However, I added some new figures about the complexity of management as well as the first research results of Dr Wafula: costs of trypanosomosis.
Bel Leerdammer, an important cheese producer in the Netherlands is working on the welfare of cows of farmers that deliver milk to them. To work on claw health they have initiated a claw health course for their farmers. A pilot version of that course is now being set up by Martien van Bostelen and Rinus van Wijck. They have asked me to do something on the economics of claw health. Besides the use of a calculation tool, I have explained the economics of claw health during a presentation. These are the slides I used during that presentation.
Balancing antibiotic treatment with regard to mastitisHenk Hogeveen
These are the sildes of a presentation I gave at the NMC Annual Meeting, held in Fort Worth Texas on January 27, 2014. I was asked to tell something on the economics of mastitis treatment. I broadened that to balancing. Economics is about optimization, but nowadays in antibiotic treatment in animals factors such as animal welfare and a reduction in the use of antibiotics play also a role. The farmer and the veterinary advisor have to balance this. The presentation aims at setting up spreadsheet to support decision making
Claw affection presented by dr. awad rizkAwad Rizk
Claw affections in cattle are common causes of lameness in dairy cows, accounting for 90% of limb affections. The most common claw disorders that cause lameness are interdigital necrobacillosis (foot rot), interdigital hyperplasia (corns), interdigital dermatitis (scald), digital dermatitis (heel warts), and laminitis. These disorders lead to pain and inflammation, reducing productivity and changing cow behavior. Proper management including clean, dry housing and regular foot trimming can help prevent and control claw disorders.
lameness (equine hoof affections) Dr. Alaa GhazyDr. Alaa Ghazy
Laminitis is a painful condition that affects the sensitive laminae that attach the hoof wall to the pedal bone. It occurs in three phases - acute, sub-acute, and chronic. The primary causes are excessive carbohydrate/grain intake, retained placenta, pituitary tumors, and more. Treatment focuses on eliminating the cause, relieving pain, improving circulation, and providing support. This involves medication, corrective trimming and shoeing, and sometimes surgery. Nail bind occurs when a nail is driven too close to the laminae, while nail prick means the nail penetrated the laminae. Both can cause lameness. Penetrating wounds to the foot are serious as infection can be introduced near important
Dairy Reproduction: Identifying Problems and Solutions for Your HerdDAIReXNET
Ray Nebel of Select Sires, Inc. presented this information for DAIReXNET on March 17, 2014. A recording of the full presentation can be found at http://www.extension.org/pages/15830/archived-dairy-cattle-webinars#.Uyigy86nbZU,
This document summarizes several metabolic disorders that can occur in livestock, including pasture bloat, enterotoxemia, grass tetany, ketosis, night blindness, nitrate poisoning, liver abscesses, pregnancy disease in ewes, parturient paresis (milk fever), mastitis, displaced abomasum, hemorrhagic bowel syndrome, and laminitis. The causes, symptoms, and treatments are described briefly for each disorder. Metabolic disorders can be caused by genetic defects, toxins, nutrient deficiencies or excesses, and other factors like changes in diet or lush pastures. timely diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent illness and death in affected animals.
Reproductive behaviour: 1-Sexual behaviour in animalsrhfayed
Reproductive Behaviour involve behaviour patterns associated with courtship, copulation, birth, maternal care and with suckling attempts of newborn. It is species specific behaviour
Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the udder in dairy cows that can range from subclinical to clinical. It is primarily caused by bacterial infections that enter through the teat canal. Mastitis has significant economic impacts on dairy farms through reduced milk production and quality. Proper milking procedures and hygiene are critical to mastitis prevention. A 10 step program including teat dipping, equipment maintenance, and monitoring somatic cell counts can help control mastitis on dairy farms.
This document discusses whether technology pays for itself in dairy farming. It provides an overview of the history of sensor use on dairy farms since the 1970s and their increasing adoption. Success factors for precision technology include system specifications that provide useful information, cost efficiency where benefits outweigh costs, and non-economic factors like risk tolerance. Studies show sensor systems for mastitis and estrus detection can increase productivity and profitability on farms, though their benefits are not always fully realized in practice due to limited use of sensor information and farmer attitudes. In conclusion, sensors have the potential to improve farms economically and enhance dairy cattle welfare but not all systems may be cost-effective.
Animal health economics and precision farmingHenk Hogeveen
Last week I was at Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) in Indonesia. The goal was to do a field visit on the Avian Influenza project we have together with IPB, Wageningen University and Utrecht University.
I was invited at three groups to present something about my research: Animal health economics and precision farming. I have provided some generic background about animal health economics, but also gave some examples of work we did i normative modelling and empirical modelling and showed developments in the field that we call precision livestock farming. The presentation here, is the combination of all three presentation. So it contains a large number of slides.
I was invited by Study club Morgen (tomorrow), a group of progressive (larger) Dutch dairy farmers to present at their annual meeting about cattle replacement decisions. Core of my presentation is that young stock rearing is more costly than you think. Given the Dutch phosphate laws (that are now developed), the costs will only increase. Think about the need for replacement: how many of your cows do need to be replaced and based upon that, think about numbers of young stock to raise. Do raise the young stock good.
Effect of sensor systems on production, health, reproduction and economic res...Henk Hogeveen
This study investigated the effects of sensor systems on Dutch dairy farms in terms of milk production, udder health, reproduction, and economics. Data was collected from 512 farms with and without sensors from 2003-2013. Farms with automatic milking systems (AMS) or cow management systems (CMS) that used sensors for mastitis and estrus detection were compared with farms without sensors. The results showed lower somatic cell counts on CMS farms after sensor investment, but higher counts on AMS farms. Sensor use did not improve reproduction performance. Capital costs increased for AMS farms after investment, but no effects on labor costs were observed. In conclusion, sensor investment was associated with improved udder health on CMS farms but not other measured outcomes.
I just gave a opening keynote on the North American Precision dairy farming conference. I showed some data that we recently collected on the use of sensor systems and the effects of these systems on farm performance.
Inaugural address: Management of animal healthHenk Hogeveen
Inaugural address. On June 4, I gave my inaugural address, entitled Optimal management of animal health: Balancing between the interests of farmers and society.
Although that event is quite ceremonial, nowadays slides are used to support the address. However, the slides are merely illustrations than very informative.
Economic farm figures and the milk quotumHenk Hogeveen
I was invited by veterinary practise 't Leijdal (Chaam, the Netherlands) to give a presentation to their farmers. At the moment, the milk quota in the EU is abandoned. Many farmers think it is "liberation day". However, there will be a higher demand for their stockmanship and economic enterpreneurship. I gave a few ideas what will be important. Production per cow per day will become essential and due to the higher value of milk production losses, animal diseases wil lhave larger economic consequences
Last week I gave a presentation about the costs of mastitis at a symposium organized by the Dutch farm magazine Boerderij in co-operation with GD Animal Health Service. The title of the symposium was: Gezonde melkveehouderij (healthy dairy farming). I was asked to present the effects of the abolishment of the milk quota on costs of mastitis. Costs of mastitis do increase with more than 50 % because of the liberalized milk market in the EU. Besides that, I asked attention for preventive costs and failure costs of mastitis. The farmers are the ones that have to find the optimal balance and farm-specific economic calculations can help them with those decisions.
Economic analysis for different levels of decision makingHenk Hogeveen
I was invited to give a keynote presentation for the German languaged Epidemiology meeting which was held last week in Zurich, Switzerland. My presentation gave an overview of the decision problem in animal health and gives some examples of economic analyses that have been made at different levels of decision making. Specific items were: dry cow therapy, Q fever and BSE
Associations between farmer participation in veterinary herd health programs ...Henk Hogeveen
As you might know from me already, veterinary herd health and management programs are an important part of the activities of production animal vets in the Netherlands. The final presentation I gave at the Livestock Production and Health group of the South African Veterinary Assocation in Skukuza was summarizing the PhD work of Marjolein Derks (who will defend her thesis on June 26). There are some interesting findings from this work.
The economics of an infectious disease outbreak: Using the European Q Fever e...Henk Hogeveen
The Q fever outbreak a number of years was quite devastating. Human health was affected and this lead to quite some stringent measures to guarantee the prevention of transmission from goats to humans. Maaike Gonggrijp, for her MSc work, made an interesting quantitative value chain analysis. For the Livestock Production and Health group of the South African Veterinary Assocation, I used that work to present in the small ruminant session.
Economic consequences of reproductive performance in dairy cattle Henk Hogeveen
This document summarizes the economic consequences of reproductive performance in dairy cattle. It finds that the optimal voluntary waiting period before starting inseminations varies depending on cow factors and economic considerations, but is generally less than 10 weeks for 90% of cows. The optimal time to stop inseminating cows is between 10-16 months postpartum based on models of declining conception probabilities over time. Accounting for factors like parity, months in milk, milk production level, and previous insemination attempts provides a more accurate assessment of when insemination value turns negative.
New developments in the Dutch dairy sectorHenk Hogeveen
This was the opening presentation I gave at the 2014 Congress of the LIvestock Health and Production Group of the South African Veterinary Association. The organization asked me to give an overview of recent developments in the Dutch dairy sector. i have chose to pick three developments that are, in my opinion, interesting for veterinarians: 1. the ongoing automation of the sector, 2. the abolisment of the quota system (and a little background) and 3. the reduced use of antibiotics.
Economics of animal health: A little theory and some applicationsHenk Hogeveen
At the moment I am in Kenya, at a site visit of Dr Esther Wafula, who is doing a PhD with us in Utrecht. Today I gave a presentation at KARI, the Kenyan Agricultural Research Institute. This is a huge institute, consisting of more than 3000 people. People responsible for animal health work both from KARI as well as the University of Nairobi were present.
The presentation has quite some overlap with the one I gave last year in Kupang. However, I added some new figures about the complexity of management as well as the first research results of Dr Wafula: costs of trypanosomosis.
Bel Leerdammer, an important cheese producer in the Netherlands is working on the welfare of cows of farmers that deliver milk to them. To work on claw health they have initiated a claw health course for their farmers. A pilot version of that course is now being set up by Martien van Bostelen and Rinus van Wijck. They have asked me to do something on the economics of claw health. Besides the use of a calculation tool, I have explained the economics of claw health during a presentation. These are the slides I used during that presentation.
Balancing antibiotic treatment with regard to mastitisHenk Hogeveen
These are the sildes of a presentation I gave at the NMC Annual Meeting, held in Fort Worth Texas on January 27, 2014. I was asked to tell something on the economics of mastitis treatment. I broadened that to balancing. Economics is about optimization, but nowadays in antibiotic treatment in animals factors such as animal welfare and a reduction in the use of antibiotics play also a role. The farmer and the veterinary advisor have to balance this. The presentation aims at setting up spreadsheet to support decision making
These are slides (in Dutch) of a presentation I gave at a dairy farmers study club in Alphen (Brabant), the Netherlands. It combines the most important findings of the work of Chaidate Inchaisri and the investment analysis of Niels Rutten on activity meters. Besides it shows the possibilities of using farm-specific tools to calculate costs of reproduction.
This is the second presentation I was invited to give at the CAVI conference held in Galway, Ireland on October 12. it deals with precision dairy farming. A field that is coming up and growing in importance in modern dairy farming
These are the slides of a presentation I was invited to give at the Cattle Association of Veterinary Ireland (CAVI) at their annual conference, held in Galway, Ireland. The presentation deals with economics of production diseases.
Precision dairy farming: how to make it work on the farmHenk Hogeveen
Today I will give a wrap-up presentation at the 2nd North American Precision Dairy Farming Conference, held in Rochester MN, and excelently organized by the University of Minnesota (under leadership or Marcia Endres).
In this presentation I provide the factors that are crucial for a proper pick-up of precision dairy farming applications and I link them to examples of succesful and less successful attempts.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...Diana Rendina
Librarians are leading the way in creating future-ready citizens – now we need to update our spaces to match. In this session, attendees will get inspiration for transforming their library spaces. You’ll learn how to survey students and patrons, create a focus group, and use design thinking to brainstorm ideas for your space. We’ll discuss budget friendly ways to change your space as well as how to find funding. No matter where you’re at, you’ll find ideas for reimagining your space in this session.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
Foot disorders, claw health, farm economics and animal welfare
1. Lameness, cow welfare and
sustainable farming
Henk Hogeveen
together with
Mariëlle Bruijnis and Elsbeth Stassen
2. Sustainable farming
Literally: The capacity to endure
For dairy farming: Care for:
Environment
Cow welfare
--------
But also
Social responsibility
and decent profit
3. Claw health
Important for welfare
Associated with economic losses
Prevalence 80% (!!!)
No reduction of incidence and prevalence
Farmers don’t put measures into action
Underestimation of problem
4. In this presentation…..
Introduce different foot disorders
Model to simulate foot disorders in a dairy herd
Economic consequences of different foot
disorders
Welfare consequences of different foot disorders
Conclusion
6. Different foot disorders
Sole haemorrhages
and
White line disease
Interdigital dermatitis/
heel horn erosion
Interdigital hyperplasia
Digital dermatitis
Sole ulcer (corns, tyloma)
(Mortellaro’s disease) Interdigital phlegmon
7. Simulation model
No foot disorder,
healthy (H)
PSH PHS PHC PCH
Subclinical foot PSC Clinical foot
disorder disorder
(S) (C)
PCUL
Culled
(Cul)
8. Modelling assumptions
Assumptions (Dutch circumstances):
cubicle housing
concrete floor
pasturing
two foot trimming interventions/year
7 different foot disorders
9. Simulated prevalence
35.00%
30.00%
Clinical
Subclinical
25.00%
Prevalence, %
20.00%
15.00%
10.00%
5.00%
0.00%
SoH
SoH
SoH
SoH
SoH
SoH
SoH
SoH
SoH
SoH
SoH
SoH
SUL
SUL
SUL
SUL
SUL
SUL
SUL
SUL
SUL
SUL
SUL
SUL
DD
DD
DD
DD
DD
DD
DD
DD
DD
DD
DD
DD
IDHE
IDHE
IDHE
IDHE
IDHE
IDHE
IDHE
IDHE
IDHE
IDHE
IDHE
IDHE
IP
HYP
IP
HYP
IP
HYP
IP
HYP
IP
HYP
IP
HYP
IP
HYP
IP
HYP
IP
HYP
IP
HYP
IP
HYP
IP
HYP
WLD
WLD
WLD
WLD
WLD
WLD
WLD
WLD
WLD
WLD
WLD
WLD
C =15 C = 17 C = 18 C = 11 C = 11 C = 12 C = 12 C = 13 C = 14 C = 11 C = 12 C = 13
SC = 52 SC = 57 SC = 62 SC = 33 SC = 37 SC = 41 SC = 45 SC = 48 SC = 51 SC = 32 SC = 41 SC = 49
January February March April May June July August September October November December
11. Economic effects
Total costs (default input, The Netherlands)
Per farm (65 cows) : €3,474 per year (€2,282 to €4,965)
Per cow : €53 per cow/year
Costs of subclinical foot disorders: 32%
Average clinical foot disorder: €67/case
Average subclinical foot disorder: €13/case
Digital dermatitis gave highest costs
(high incidence, high clinical prevalence)
12. Cost components
Visit of veterinarian
Treatment
Visit of foot trimmer
Discarded milk
Labour of the dairy
farmer
Milk production losses
Prolonged calving
interval
Culling
13. Modelling welfare impact
Foot disorder
Pain
Physical abilities, Affective state, Behavioural abilities
health frustration and needs
Functioning Feelings Natural living
Welfare aspects bases on Fraser et al. 1997
14. Further steps
Pain estimation
Based on locomotion score and pathophysiology
Using literature and expertise
Calculation welfare impact
Herd level (including incidence)
Cow level (per case of foot disorder)
Weighing pain and duration
Questionnaire among experts
15. Weighing pain and duration
Experts:
Pain 0.65 and Duration 0.35, st dev: 0.20
Varying opinions on relative importance Duration
Pain more important than duration
1 2 3 4 5
1 12.1 21.7 35.7 43.9 50.7
2 26.4 42.4 53.6 61.4 63.6
Pain 3 45.0 56.4 70.0 76.4 80.0
4 62.1 75.7 85.7 89.9 92.9
5 82.9 88.6 94.3 96.4 98.6
16. Estimated welfare impact per case
Subclinical
Clinical
0.10
0.08
Relative impact
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.00
IP IDHE DD SoH WLD SUL HYP
17. Impact foot disorders at herd level
costs, clinical welfare, clinical
35% costs, subclinical welfare, subclinical
30%
25%
Relative impact
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
E
IP
YP
LD
D
L
H
H
SU
D
So
ID
H
W
18. Welfare vs economics
3.0
2.5
DD
SoH
average welfare impact per cow
2.0
IDHE
1.5
DD
1.0
SUL
IDHE
SoH
0.5 HYP
WLD
WLD
HYP
IP
0.0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0
average cost per cow (€/yr)
19. Concluding remarks
Subclinical foot disorders have substantial impact
Indirect cost factors (e.g. milk production losses, culling)
high
Likely to cause underestimation of problem
Costs due to foot disorders are substantial:
€ 53 per cow/year (mastitis: € 78 per cow/year)
Increase dairy farmer awareness and stimulate action
Costs and welfare consequences correlated
Welfare improvement more likely
20. Finally
Welfare improvement touches loss reduction
What about “welfare” of culled cows?
Improving dairy cow foot health
Improves sustainability
What are the effects of prevention (vs costs)?
Co-ordinated approach towards farmers