This document provides an overview of integrated programming technologies. It discusses:
1. Integration allows separately developed software components and systems to be combined into a complete system by connecting them. This involves challenges like network unreliability and handling different technologies.
2. Common integration methods include file transfer, shared databases, remote procedure calls, and messaging between systems.
3. Middleware sits between operating systems and applications to enable integration. Examples are transaction-oriented, message-oriented, and object-oriented middleware. Integrative architectures like CORBA and DCOM also act as middleware.
The document is for beginners who are going to make their careers in Middleware technologies. It will provide the information regarding implementation of integration before EAI and what were the disadvantages which are overcome by EAI.
Making Multicloud Application Integration More EfficientCognizant
With the dramatic, ever-growing increase of companies migrating applications and data to public and private clouds, the integration of cloud and on-premises applications is both absolutely essential and extremely complex. We offer a brief roadmap to establishing a "cloud console" for integrating multicloud environments.
Abstract - Various aspects of three proposed architectures for distributed software are examined. A Crucial need to
create an ideal model for optimal architecture which meets the needs of the organization for flexibility, extensibility
and integration, to fulfill exhaustive performance for potential talents processes and opportunities in the corporations
a permanent and ongoing need. The excellence of the proposed architecture is demonstrated by presenting a rigor scenario based proof of adaptively and compatibility of the architecture in cases of merging and varying organizations, where the whole structure of hierarchies is revised.
Keywords: ERP, Data-centric architecture, architecture Component-based, Plug in architecture, distributed systems
This paper presents a fast, inexpensive and safe process to plan and monitor ERP implementation processes like SAP R3. Based in concrete experiences at industrial unities of multinational companies, the process is considered simple and effective to control this kind of dynamic projects.
This presentation was provided by Chris Shillum of ORCID during the NFAIS Forethought Strategic Summit "Transforming Systems Through Transformed Content." The event was held June 16-17, 2021.
The document is for beginners who are going to make their careers in Middleware technologies. It will provide the information regarding implementation of integration before EAI and what were the disadvantages which are overcome by EAI.
Making Multicloud Application Integration More EfficientCognizant
With the dramatic, ever-growing increase of companies migrating applications and data to public and private clouds, the integration of cloud and on-premises applications is both absolutely essential and extremely complex. We offer a brief roadmap to establishing a "cloud console" for integrating multicloud environments.
Abstract - Various aspects of three proposed architectures for distributed software are examined. A Crucial need to
create an ideal model for optimal architecture which meets the needs of the organization for flexibility, extensibility
and integration, to fulfill exhaustive performance for potential talents processes and opportunities in the corporations
a permanent and ongoing need. The excellence of the proposed architecture is demonstrated by presenting a rigor scenario based proof of adaptively and compatibility of the architecture in cases of merging and varying organizations, where the whole structure of hierarchies is revised.
Keywords: ERP, Data-centric architecture, architecture Component-based, Plug in architecture, distributed systems
This paper presents a fast, inexpensive and safe process to plan and monitor ERP implementation processes like SAP R3. Based in concrete experiences at industrial unities of multinational companies, the process is considered simple and effective to control this kind of dynamic projects.
This presentation was provided by Chris Shillum of ORCID during the NFAIS Forethought Strategic Summit "Transforming Systems Through Transformed Content." The event was held June 16-17, 2021.
MBA 5401, Management Information Systems 1 Course Lea.docxaryan532920
MBA 5401, Management Information Systems 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
8. Analyze the importance of software, hardware, and telecommunications to the business.
8.1 Examine how technologies such as software, hardware, and telecommunications support
business operations.
8.2 Explain current technologies used in organizations.
8.3 Explain emerging technologies in business.
Reading Assignment
Chapter 5:
IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
Chapter 7:
Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Unit Lesson
IT Infrastructure and Technology
How are IT infrastructure and emerging technologies important to organizations? In the last unit, we
talked about the role that information technology (IT) plays in organizations and business strategy. In this unit,
we will discuss a natural continuation of that topic with a focus on emerging technologies and communication
technologies such as wireless technology, the Internet, and telecommunications.
What is IT infrastructure? If you remember from the textbook reading in Chapter 1, our IT infrastructure
includes the shared technology resources that provide the platform supporting our information systems
applications. IT infrastructure includes everything technical that supports the business. It supports both the
business and IT strategies.
Think of it this way: If our strategy is to offer our customer a specific service such as electronic invoicing
(EDI), how can we do that without the infrastructure in place to carry out that goal? The IT infrastructure in this
case is the EDI software, the hardware (a server, database, and the Internet), the personnel, educational
services, management services, and so on.
How has the IT infrastructure evolved over time? Most of us have a sense of the scope’s answer to this
question. It is enormous! Just look at computers—the first ones were huge. Businesses used mainframes the
size of trucks, and now servers are the size of a desktop.
Simple applications of the past have now become suites, or bundles of applications that can work together.
Now, there are enterprise-level applications that help improve an organization’s productivity and efficiency via
a collection of programs with common business applications. They are designed to be customizable to solve
enterprise-wide problems rather than personal or departmental problems.
In addition, there are newly emerging enterprise-level tools such as enterprise database management
software. Again, this concept of enterprise level takes the already existing tools to a different level to answer
the need for more storage and enterprise-wide sharing.
Years ago, dialing into the Internet meant using a slow modem. Now, businesses can use fiber-optic and
wireless technologies. In the past, for small to medium-sized organizations, many of the emerging
UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
Infrastru ...
IT 8003 Cloud ComputingFor this activi.docxvrickens
IT 8003 Cloud Computing
For this activity you need to divide your class in groups
1
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
2
SuperTax Overview
Did you know President Abraham Lincoln, one of America's most beloved leaders, also instituted one of its least liked obligations - the income tax? In this brief history of taxes, see the historical events which shaped income taxes in the United States today.
SuperTax is an American tax preparation software package developed in the mid-1980s.
SuperTax Corporation is headquartered in Mountain View, California.
2
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
3
SuperTax Information
Desktop Software.
Support MS Windows and Mac OS.
Software method: CD/DVD media format.
Different versions:
SuperTAX Basic, Deluxe, Premier, and Home & Business.
Used by millions of users and organizations.
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
4
SuperTAX Project
SuperTAX has hired your group as a consultant to move their Desktop Software to a Traditional IT Hosted Software, available Online.
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
5
For Discussion:
Find the challenges that your team will encounter attempting to move SuperTAX Software to the new platform.
Prepared a presentation for the class.
On your Group you will need to define positions.
For example:
Project Manager, Senior Project Network, Senior Project Engineer, etc.
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
6
Infrastructure
Software Development
Software Testing
Marketing & Business Model
Project Management
CHALLENGES
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
7
Infrastructure
No more test in a single machine. (CD/DVD format model)
Test in a production cluster. (20, 30 users?)
A larger cluster can bring problems. (1000’s of users)
Testing must be done for different clients (mobile, desktops, OS)
Small performance bottleneck. Slow performance.
CHALLENGES
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
8
Marketing & Business Model
One time fixed cost vs. subscription model
Before a CD was sold, now a subscription model.
Maintenance and replacement of cooling, power, and server is required
CHALLENGES
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
9
Project Management
Project can take many months to years for Software Development cycle.
What model is appropriate for Hosted application. (Agile vs. waterfall)
Ability to try new features faster.
CHALLENGES
RUNNING HEAD: INTERSESSION 5 FINAL PROJECT PROJECTION 1
INTERSESSION 5 FINAL PROJECT PROJECTION 5
INTERSESSION 5 FINAL PROJECT PROJECTION
Shalini Kantamneni
Ottawa University
Intersession 5 Final Project Projection
The Design Process
This process involves the formulation of a model to be used in deriving a comprehensive cloud application. In this case, the model-view-controller design pattern will be used. This type of design pattern partitions the logic of the application into three distinct domains that are to be interconnected to provide a working cloud application (Jailia et al., 2016). ...
The Indo-American Journal of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences is an online international journal published quarterly. It is a peer-reviewed journal that focuses on disseminating high-quality original research work, reviews, and short communications of the publishable paper.
This powerpoint presentation talks about the Bootstrap 5 and other Bootstrap like Bootstrap 3 and 4. And the difference between the 3 bootstrap version.
MBA 5401, Management Information Systems 1 Course Lea.docxaryan532920
MBA 5401, Management Information Systems 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
8. Analyze the importance of software, hardware, and telecommunications to the business.
8.1 Examine how technologies such as software, hardware, and telecommunications support
business operations.
8.2 Explain current technologies used in organizations.
8.3 Explain emerging technologies in business.
Reading Assignment
Chapter 5:
IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
Chapter 7:
Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Unit Lesson
IT Infrastructure and Technology
How are IT infrastructure and emerging technologies important to organizations? In the last unit, we
talked about the role that information technology (IT) plays in organizations and business strategy. In this unit,
we will discuss a natural continuation of that topic with a focus on emerging technologies and communication
technologies such as wireless technology, the Internet, and telecommunications.
What is IT infrastructure? If you remember from the textbook reading in Chapter 1, our IT infrastructure
includes the shared technology resources that provide the platform supporting our information systems
applications. IT infrastructure includes everything technical that supports the business. It supports both the
business and IT strategies.
Think of it this way: If our strategy is to offer our customer a specific service such as electronic invoicing
(EDI), how can we do that without the infrastructure in place to carry out that goal? The IT infrastructure in this
case is the EDI software, the hardware (a server, database, and the Internet), the personnel, educational
services, management services, and so on.
How has the IT infrastructure evolved over time? Most of us have a sense of the scope’s answer to this
question. It is enormous! Just look at computers—the first ones were huge. Businesses used mainframes the
size of trucks, and now servers are the size of a desktop.
Simple applications of the past have now become suites, or bundles of applications that can work together.
Now, there are enterprise-level applications that help improve an organization’s productivity and efficiency via
a collection of programs with common business applications. They are designed to be customizable to solve
enterprise-wide problems rather than personal or departmental problems.
In addition, there are newly emerging enterprise-level tools such as enterprise database management
software. Again, this concept of enterprise level takes the already existing tools to a different level to answer
the need for more storage and enterprise-wide sharing.
Years ago, dialing into the Internet meant using a slow modem. Now, businesses can use fiber-optic and
wireless technologies. In the past, for small to medium-sized organizations, many of the emerging
UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
Infrastru ...
IT 8003 Cloud ComputingFor this activi.docxvrickens
IT 8003 Cloud Computing
For this activity you need to divide your class in groups
1
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
2
SuperTax Overview
Did you know President Abraham Lincoln, one of America's most beloved leaders, also instituted one of its least liked obligations - the income tax? In this brief history of taxes, see the historical events which shaped income taxes in the United States today.
SuperTax is an American tax preparation software package developed in the mid-1980s.
SuperTax Corporation is headquartered in Mountain View, California.
2
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
3
SuperTax Information
Desktop Software.
Support MS Windows and Mac OS.
Software method: CD/DVD media format.
Different versions:
SuperTAX Basic, Deluxe, Premier, and Home & Business.
Used by millions of users and organizations.
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
4
SuperTAX Project
SuperTAX has hired your group as a consultant to move their Desktop Software to a Traditional IT Hosted Software, available Online.
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
5
For Discussion:
Find the challenges that your team will encounter attempting to move SuperTAX Software to the new platform.
Prepared a presentation for the class.
On your Group you will need to define positions.
For example:
Project Manager, Senior Project Network, Senior Project Engineer, etc.
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
6
Infrastructure
Software Development
Software Testing
Marketing & Business Model
Project Management
CHALLENGES
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
7
Infrastructure
No more test in a single machine. (CD/DVD format model)
Test in a production cluster. (20, 30 users?)
A larger cluster can bring problems. (1000’s of users)
Testing must be done for different clients (mobile, desktops, OS)
Small performance bottleneck. Slow performance.
CHALLENGES
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
8
Marketing & Business Model
One time fixed cost vs. subscription model
Before a CD was sold, now a subscription model.
Maintenance and replacement of cooling, power, and server is required
CHALLENGES
Group Activity 1 “SuperTAX Software”
9
Project Management
Project can take many months to years for Software Development cycle.
What model is appropriate for Hosted application. (Agile vs. waterfall)
Ability to try new features faster.
CHALLENGES
RUNNING HEAD: INTERSESSION 5 FINAL PROJECT PROJECTION 1
INTERSESSION 5 FINAL PROJECT PROJECTION 5
INTERSESSION 5 FINAL PROJECT PROJECTION
Shalini Kantamneni
Ottawa University
Intersession 5 Final Project Projection
The Design Process
This process involves the formulation of a model to be used in deriving a comprehensive cloud application. In this case, the model-view-controller design pattern will be used. This type of design pattern partitions the logic of the application into three distinct domains that are to be interconnected to provide a working cloud application (Jailia et al., 2016). ...
The Indo-American Journal of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences is an online international journal published quarterly. It is a peer-reviewed journal that focuses on disseminating high-quality original research work, reviews, and short communications of the publishable paper.
This powerpoint presentation talks about the Bootstrap 5 and other Bootstrap like Bootstrap 3 and 4. And the difference between the 3 bootstrap version.
This presentation talks about the physical security. Physical security is also useful in our today's lives especially when we are working at a corporate company.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
3. CHAPTER 01: Lesson 1
Darwin Alvin I. Sunga
Integrated Programming
(Overview)
TECHNOLOGIES
4. At the end of this chapter, the students should able to :
1. Learn what is
▪ Integrated Programming Technologies
▪ Overview of Inter System Communication
▪ The Need for Integration
▪ Models of Integration
▪ Fundamental Challenges of Integration
▪ Methods for Integration
▪ Middleware and Integrative Architectures
5. The Internet of Things (IoT) describes the network
of physical objects—“things”—that are
embedded with sensors, software, and other
technologies for the purpose of connecting and
exchanging data with other devices and systems
over the internet.
https://www.oracle.com/ph/internet-of-things/what-is-iot/
6. What is
Integrated
❑ combining or coordinating separate elements so as to provide a
harmonious, interrelated whole
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/integrated
❑ with two or more things combined in order to become more effective
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/integrated
14. Most of the applications that run in organizations’
hardly live in isolation.
Whether the registrar application must interface with
the finance application, the human resource
management application must connect to each other.
https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
16. Integration of multiple, independently developed, managed
and maintained applications components that may
normally use incompatible technologies and heterogeneous
platforms enables transmission of information between
applications, automates flow of data between applications
that make up the business process flow.
https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
It seems like any application can be made better
by integrating it with other applications.
25. https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
Most of organizations consist of more than one
department, running department specific applications
and those applications interact with each other to
achieve the overall objective of the organizations.
Information systems change overtime by growing in their
size, incorporating functionality of the existing standalone
systems.
Applications originally intended to operate separately,
later on are required to interoperate with others.
26. https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
Some of the reasons for integration are the following;
✓ Technology change affects all layers; legacy does not go away so easily.
✓ The architecture of the organization information system depends on constraints
related to the technology but also to the organization.
✓ Within an enterprise, each department may have its own IT infrastructure, systems and
databases which are maintained independently. Integrating them may bring additional
value to the company.
✓ Integration assists in formation of Zero Latency organization - when all functions
within the organization work with the same up-to-date information, latency between
applications is eliminated/ reduced.
✓ Updating and integrating of applications is possible whenever required. New
applications can be created by integrating real time data from different parts of the
enterprise
33. https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
To support common business processes and data
sharing across applications, applications need to be
integrated. Application integration needs to provide
efficient, reliable and secure data exchange
between multiple enterprises applications.
Challenges of integration span far across business and
technical issues. All integration solutions have to deal
with a few fundamental challenges:
34. https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
Network unreliability
Integration solutions have to transport data from one computer
to another across networks. Compared to a process running on
a single computer, distributed computing has to be prepared
to deal with a much larger set of possible problems. Often
times, two systems to be integrated are separated by
continents and data between them has to travel through
phone-lines, LAN segments, routers, switches, public networks,
and satellite links. Each of these steps can cause delays or
interruptions.
41. https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
File Transfer
One of the possible solutions to allow these applications to be integrated
is allowing each application produce files containing information that
other applications need to consume. Integrators take the responsibility of
transforming files into different formats. Produce the files at regular
intervals according to the nature of the business, which can be consumed
or read by another file.
An important decision with files is what format to use. Very rarely will the output of one
application be exactly what's needed for another, so you'll have to do a fair bit of
processing of files along the way. Not just do all the applications that use a file have to
read it, you also have to be able to use processing tools on it.
42. https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
Shared Database
A common data base can be used for integrating applications. A single
physical data base can be shared by different applications running on
different platforms. This method integrates applications by having them
store their data in a single shared database.
If a family of integrated applications all rely on the same database, then we can be
pretty sure that they are always consistent all of the time. If we do get simultaneous
updates to a single piece of data from different sources, then we have transaction
management systems that handle that about as gracefully as it ever can be managed
43. https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
Remote Procedure Invocation
This method develops each application which is required to be integrated
as a large-scale object or component with encapsulated data. And it
provides an interface to allow other applications to interact with the
running application
Remote Procedure Invocation applies the principle of encapsulation to integrating
applications. If an application needs some information that is owned by another
application, it asks that application directly. If one application needs to modify the data
of another, then it does so by making a call to the other application. Each application
can maintain the integrity of the data it owns. Furthermore, each application can alter its
internal data without having every other application be affected.
44. https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
Messaging
Messaging allows interaction between applications possible. Message
passing can be used to transfer packets of data frequently, immediately,
reliably, and asynchronously, or synchronously using customizable formats
In essence, a message is transmitted in five steps:
1) Create— the sender creates the message and populates it with data.
2) Send — the sender adds the message to a channel.
3) Deliver — the messaging system moves the message from the sender’s computer to
the receiver’s computer, making it available to the receiver.
4) Receive — the receiver reads the message from the channel.
5) Process — the receiver extracts the data from the message.
46. https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
is a software programming running at the top of operating
system and below the applications. It connects applications or
software components.
Middleware provides a standard high level interface to the
application developers and integrators, so that application can
easily interoperate. Interoperability is the ability of two or more
components or systems to exchange information
Middleware
47. https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
There are three types of middleware
✓ Transaction-oriented middleware: supports distributed computing
involving database applications.
✓ Message-oriented middleware: supports reliable, asynchronous
communications between distributed components or applications.
✓ Object-oriented middleware: systems are based on object-oriented
paradigm, and primarily support synchronous communications
between distributed objects or software components.
(eg. CORBA, DCOM and RMI)
49. https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
✓ Common Object Request Broker Architecture CORBA is a software
standard that is defined and maintained by the Object Management
Group (OMG). The Common Object Request Broker Architecture
(CORBA) is a standard architecture for a distributed objects system.
CORBA is designed to allow distributed objects to interoperate in a
heterogeneous environment, where objects can be implemented in
different programming language and/or deployed on different platforms.
50. https://pdfcoffee.com/integrative-programming-and-technologies-chapter-1-pdf-free.html
✓ Distributed component object model. DCOM extends the COM to
support communication between objects. DCOM is a software
architecture or remote protocol that defines a binary standard for
component interoperability. DCOM is a software architecture that allows
applications to be built from binary software components. Is binary
interface standard for software components, that allows inter-process
communication. Binary interface is a program interface between binary
program modules often one of the module is library or operating system
and the other is user program module. Defines how computational
routines are called in machine code or low-level which is hardware
independent.