Role of Sportex Sciences in the Promotion of Sports and physical education with special

1. Role of Sportex Sciences
in the Promotion of Sports
and Physical Education with
special reference to Physical
Growth & Development.
D.K. KANSAL
PRINCIPAL, IGIPESS
B-BLOCK, VIKASPURI, NEW DELHI.

2. SPORTS SCIENCE/S
Those parts of Science or
sciences as are used for Sports
Promotion, training and winning
with fair play in sportsmen spirit.
For example Science of Training,
Sports anthropometry, Sports
Psychology, Sports Physiology,
Sports Biomechanics etc.

3. EXERCISE SCIENCE
Those parts of science subjects as
help in the promotion of exercises
used for improving Health Fitness
and Wellness. For example
Exercise Physiology, Kinesiology,
Exercise Biochemistry Exercise
Biomechanics.

4. SPORTEX SCIENCES
Those common science subjects or
their parts as are used for the
promotion of both Sports and
Exercise Sciences. E.g. Sportex
Biochemistry, Sportex Biomechanics,
Sportex Physiology, Kinanthro-
pometry, Sportex Genetics, Sportex
Nutrition etc.

5. ROLE OF SPORTEX SCIENCES
Now-a-days, we all agree that Physical
Fitness and Sports Performance is the
result of interaction of the following:-
1. Human Structural & Functional Capacities.
2. Patterns of Human Growth & Development.
3. Science of Sports Training.
4. Nutritional, Genetical and Environmental
Factors etc.

6. SPORTEX SCIENCES PROMOTE
1. Talent Selection.
2. Sports Training Methods.
3. Measurement & Evaluation.
4. Physical Fitness
5. Sports Medicine.
6. Health.
7. Wellness
8. Eradication of inactivity Diseases.
9. Physiotherapy.
10. Health Education.

7. DIFFICULTY IN SPORTEX SCIENCE
DEVELOPMENT
“All the disciplines of Sports Sciences
have their own areas of study. Each
discipline has its own qualified cadre of
workers who are taken from their
respective mother sciences and they then
specialize in the concerned sports
discipline”. But do not have the requisite
knowledge of Sports.
Hardayal Singh,
M.A. (Phy.Edu.) & Ph.D.
(Training Methods)

8. SPORTEX SCIENCE INFANCY
• Due to the abovementioned practical
problem of finding two way difficulty
of training scientists in sports and
sports persons in sportex science,
the subject of sportex science is yet
in its infancy stage in most of the
countries except few like Germany,
Russia etc.

9. MOTHER DISCIPLINES OF SPORTEX SCIENCE
(Spex = Sports + Exercise)
1. Physical Education
2. Human Genetics.
3. Human Kinanthropometry.
4. Human Medicine.
5. Science of Training (Coaching).
6. Human Nutrition.
7. Human Biochemistry.
8. Human Physiology.
9. Human Cell Biology
10.Human Psychology.
11.Human Biomechanics.
12.Human Health Education.

10. LIST OF SPORTEX SCIENCES
(For specialization at M.P.Ed./Ph.D. Level).
(i) Science of Sportex Training Methods
(ii) Sportex Physiology (iii) Sportex
Biomechanics (iv) Sports Psychology (v)
Sportex Pedogogy (vi) Sportex Nutrition
(vii) Sportex Kinanthropometry (viii)
Sportex Biochemistry (ix) Sportex
Genetics (x) Sportex Growth &
Development (xi) Sportex Neuro-
Physiology (xii) Sportex Medicine

11. LIST OF SPORTEX SCIENCES
(Contd.)
(xiii) Sportex Measurement & Evaluation (xiv)
Sportex Computer Science & Statistics (xv)
Physical Fitness (xvi) Sportex Health Education
(xvii) Sportex Physiotherapy (xviii) Sportex
Science of Special Population (xix) Sportex
Science of Recreation (xx) Sportex Science of
Wellness (xxi) Sportex Science of Illness
Prevention etc. etc. (xxii) Sportex Spiritual Science
or Sportsmanship Science (Homeostatic based
feed back) (xxiii) Spex Science for Defence (xxiv)
Spex Science for Physical Education.

12. PHYSICAL GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
Physical Growth: It is the process of
increase in size due to increase in cell
number and/or cell size.
Development: it is the process of attaining
adult status due to increase in functions,
maturity, complexity of function, change in
proportionality, composition and/or density
etc. It is usually accompanied with
physical or physiological growth.

13. GROWTH PATTERNS
Patterns of Growth are studied with the
help of distance and velocity curves of
Growth and development.
Distance Curves: The presentation of
magnitude of any variable against age.
Velocity Curves: The presentation of rate
of increase or decrease in any variable
with changing age.

14. SOME IMPORTANT TERMS OF
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
• Landmarks: Bony points needed for
measuring anthropometric variables
of Human Beings.
• F.H. Plane: Frankfurt-Horizontal
plane (Landmarks Tragus and
Orbitale in Horizontal plane).

15. SOME DISTANCE CURVES

16. VELOCITY CURVES (HEIGHT)

17. FACTORS AFFECTING THE RATE OF
GROWTH AND THE AGE AT PUBERTY
- ADULT PHYSIQUE CLIMATE AND RACE
SEASON OF YEAR.
- HEREDITY.
- NUTRITION.
- ILLNESS
- EXERCISE.
- PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS.
- SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASS.
- FAMILY SIZE.
- SECULAR TREND.

18. MEASUREMENT OF AGE
TESTS:
(i) Chronological Age Table.
(ii) Radiological Age Standards.
(iii) Secondary Sex Character stages.
(iv) Dental Age.

19. CHRONOLOGICAL AND DEVELOPMENT AGE
• Chronological Age: Age in years since
one’s birth is called chronological age. It
is based on one’s date of birth and is
used in sports competitions and
school/college admissions.
• Development Age: Age in developmental
stages based on average growth and
developmental status of males and
females.

20. DEVELOPMENTAL AGE AND THE CONCEPT
OF PHYSIOLOGICAL MATURITY
- SKELETAL AGE
- DENTAL AGE
- MORPHOLOGICAL AGE: SIZE AND
SHAPE AGE
- SECONDARY SEX CHARACTER AGE.

21. SKELETAL AGE METHOD

22. REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS – METHODS
(BOYS)

23. REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS – METHODS
(GIRLS)

24. ADOLESCENT LANDMARKS
• Menarcheal Age: Age of first
menstruation in girls.
• Adolescent Spurt: Age of accelerated
growth and development during
Adolescence.
• Adolescent Peak Height Velocity:
Maximal rate of growth in height per year
during adolescent Growth period.

25. UTILITY OF GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
IN SPORTS & PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Adults Predictions: Physical Growth
and Development patterns are very
specific to sex, age and populations
and enable the sportex scientists to
Predict adult status at young ages,
best around ages 9 to 11 in boys
and 8 to 10 in girls.

26. HELP IN TALENT SELECTION &
GUIDANCE AT YOUNG AGE
• Different Sports have different Ages
of Peak Performance due to known
patterns of Growth & Development.
• Different Sports have specific
requirements of kinanthropometric
and Physiological variables.

27. SPECIFICATION OF SPORTS TRAINING
• Help decide Training Load, duration
& individualization.
• Enable Scientific Approach to
overall Training methods by dividing
the subject of Sports Training in two
categories: GTMT and TMT.

28. REDEFINE PHYSICAL EDUCATION AS
“The learning of role of physical
activities, Sports and Meditation for
Recreation, Health, Physical Fitness,
Wellness, Longevity, personality
development and happiness as
everyone’s essential and best
achievement to be possessed
preferably by the age of twenty years
or so”. - DEVINDER K. KANSAL

31. EFFECT OF BIOLOGICAL AGE ON PERFORMANCE

32. CHANGE IN PERFORMANCE STRUCTURE
WITH THE PASSAGE OF TIME AND
IMPROVEMENT IN PERFORMANCE

33. 100 M MALE STANDARDS
If the candidates of Olympic 100m runners are
selected in every country two years before the
Olympiad will be held:
QUALIFIED RECORD MUST BE BETTER THAN
10.4 SEC.
SUITABLE AREA OF AGE IS 18.2-25.5 YEARS
OLD,
DESIRABLE HEIGHT IS 176.0CM AND
CRITICAL VALUES IS 170.0CM.
SUITABLE AREA OF PONDERAL INDEX IS
22.89-24.21

34. MALE GYMNASTS
If the candidates of Olympic Gymnasts (m) are
selected in every country two years before the
Olympiad will be held:
QUALIFIED RECORD MUST BE BETTER THAN
109,
SUITABLE AREA OF AGE IS 18.0-24.6 YEARS
OLD,
DESIRABLE HEIGHT IS 163.0cm-1740cm AND
CRITICAL VALUES IS 158.0CM.
SUITABLE AREA OF PONDERAL INDEX IS
23.06-23.96

35. 100 M FEMALE STANDARDS
If the candidates of Olympic 100m runners are
selected in every country two years before the
Olympiad will be held:
QUALIFIED RECORD MUST BE BETTER THAN
11.7 SEC.
SUITABLE AREA OF AGE IS 16.8-24.2 YEARS
OLD,
DESIRABLE HEIGHT IS 166.0CM AND
CRITICAL VALUES IS 160.0CM.
SUITABLE AREA OF PONDERAL INDEX IS
22.47-23.41

36. FEMALE GYMNASTS
If the candidates of Olympic Gymnasts (m) are selected in
every country two years before the Olympiad will be
held:
• QUALIFIED RECORD MUST BE BETTER THAN 74.3,
• SUITABLE AREA OF AGE IS 13.3-18.5 YEARS OLD,
• DESIRABLE HEIGHT IS 154.0cm-1640cm AND
• CRITICAL VALUES IS 149.0CM.
• SUITABLE AREA OF PONDERAL INDEX IS 22.35-
23.25.

37. I. Early Matured Boy & II. Average Boy
Age (yr) 11 (G1 PH1) 12 ½ (G3 PH2) 13 ¼ (G5 PH4) 14 ½ (G5 PH5)
12
(G1
PH1)
13 ¾
(G3
PH2)
14 ¾
(G5
PH4)
15 ½
(G5
PH5)

38. HEIGHT (OLYMPIANS)

39. ADOLESCENT VARIATIONS

40. GROWTH AT ADOLESCENCE

41. SHAPE CHANGES (PROPORTIONS)

43. BODY WEIGHT

44. DISTANCE CURVES (HEIGHT NORMS)

45. EXAMPLES OF SPORTEX
SCIENCES EQUIPMENTS