This document summarizes solar resources and how they are measured. It discusses that most of the sun's energy received on Earth is electromagnetic radiation across the solar spectrum. Some of this radiation is absorbed, scattered, or reflected by atmospheric components, reducing the amount that reaches the surface. What does get through is categorized as either direct radiation from the sun without scattering, or diffuse radiation that has been scattered by the atmosphere or clouds. Key instruments for measuring solar radiation include the pyrheliometer for beam radiation and the pyranometer for both direct and diffuse radiation. Maps show average annual and monthly direct normal irradiance levels across regions.

1. SOLAR RESOURCES
A Report for the course
PHOTOVOLTIC POWER PLANT
ENGINEERING
Submitted to: Submitted by:
SIR Pankaj Yadav Your Name: ANKITA SHARMA
PDPU M-TECH (Solar Energy) Roll No.- 17MSE002

2. Contents
• Solar resources
• Sun’s Energy
• Solar radiation at the earth’s surface
• Basic earth-sun angles
• Instrument for measuring solar radiation
• Solar radiation geometry

3. Solar Radiation
• Solar Spectrum most the energy received
from the sun is electromagnetic radiation in
the form of waves.
• Electromagnetic Spectrum is the range of all
types of electromagnetic radiation, based on
wavelength

4. Solar Radiation
• Atmospheric Effects: Solar radiation is absorbed,
cattered and reflected by components of the
atmosphere
• The amount of radiation reaching the earth is less
than what entered the top of the atmosphere. We
classify it in two categories:
1. Direct Radiation: radiation from the sun that
reaches the earth without scattering
2. Diffuse Radiation: radiation that is scattered by the
atmosphere and clouds

5. Solar Radiation

6. Instrument for measuring solar
radiation
 Pyrheliometer
 Pyranometer

7. Pyrheliometer- for measuring the
beam radiation

8. Pyranometer

9. Map of Direct normal irradiance-
Annual average

10. Monthly average-

11. Thankyou