The document discusses three methods for solving second degree equations (ax2 + bx + c = 0):
1) The square-root method, which is used when the x-term is missing. It involves solving for x2 and taking the square root to find x.
2) Factoring, which involves factoring the equation into the form (ax + b)(cx + d) = 0. It is only applicable if b2 - 4ac is a perfect square.
3) The quadratic formula, which can be used to solve any second degree equation.