Presented by The Royal's Dr. Fotini Zachariades at our annual Women in Mind Conference.
She is a Clinical, Health, and
Rehabilitation Psychologist currently at the Women’s
Mental Health Program at The Royal
Presented by The Royal's Dr. Fotini Zachariades at our annual Women in Mind Conference.
She is a Clinical, Health, and
Rehabilitation Psychologist currently at the Women’s
Mental Health Program at The Royal
This document was created to create awareness, understanding and education about Complex PTSD. It includes the explanation of how trauma can manifest physically and emotionally, the cyclical nature of the symptoms and methods for recovery.
I have used this chart to help myself identify where I am in my healing and also to remind myself what tools I can use when I am in a flashback.
Crime victim are at risk for developing PTSD. Rape trauma syndrome is also known as PTSD. PTSD is not only a veterans condition. PTSD develop after experiencing a traumatic event. Traumatic events may include child abuse, child sex abuse, sexual assault, natural disasters, accidents, or combat trauma. PTSD awareness, education, and early intervention can help survivors of crime from developing PTSD, or chronic long term effects of crime victimization.
Professional Risk Assessment: Suicide and Self Harm RiskDr Gemma Russell
Presentation delivered to Lifeworks Australia as part of their professional development in 2013.
Specifically discusses how to conduct a comprehensive risk assessment and the implications for different levels of risk. Also highlights, ethical and legal responsibilities of the practitioner.
This document was created to create awareness, understanding and education about Complex PTSD. It includes the explanation of how trauma can manifest physically and emotionally, the cyclical nature of the symptoms and methods for recovery.
I have used this chart to help myself identify where I am in my healing and also to remind myself what tools I can use when I am in a flashback.
Crime victim are at risk for developing PTSD. Rape trauma syndrome is also known as PTSD. PTSD is not only a veterans condition. PTSD develop after experiencing a traumatic event. Traumatic events may include child abuse, child sex abuse, sexual assault, natural disasters, accidents, or combat trauma. PTSD awareness, education, and early intervention can help survivors of crime from developing PTSD, or chronic long term effects of crime victimization.
Professional Risk Assessment: Suicide and Self Harm RiskDr Gemma Russell
Presentation delivered to Lifeworks Australia as part of their professional development in 2013.
Specifically discusses how to conduct a comprehensive risk assessment and the implications for different levels of risk. Also highlights, ethical and legal responsibilities of the practitioner.
Mobile learning isn’t one flavour or one approach it’s a whole grocery storeAndy Black
on the fly presentation on its not on flavour of mible learning its a whole grocery store .
presetation develpoed by Geoff Stead and Andy Black
delivered by Andy
Use the Harvard Business Case, The Ready-to-Eat Breakfast Cereal .docxjessiehampson
Use the Harvard Business Case, “The Ready-to-Eat Breakfast Cereal Industry in 1994” as the basis for answering the following questions:
Prior to the entry of private label producers, how would you classify demand (elastic, inelastic, unit elastic) for cereals produced by the Big Three? Support your answer by using details from the case and referencing the factors that influence the elasticity of demand
How would the entry of new private label producers impact the elasticity of demand for the Big Three’s products?
Identify both a variable cost and a fixed cost of cereal production
Minimum 2 scholarly Articles References.
Minimum of 500 Words, APA Format
Your paper will be submitted to Turnitin software, No plagiarism.
Chapter Nine:
Sexual Assault
Background
Defining Rape
Multiple definitions
May be a discrepancy between the legal definition and common definition
Definition used by this textbook-an unwanted act of oral, vaginal, or anal penetration committed though the use of force, threat of force, or when incapacitated
Benchmark Study: National Violence Against Women Survey (National Institute of Justice and Centers for Disease Control, 1998)
1 in 6 (17%) women and 1 in 33 (3%) men have experienced an attempted or completed rape (in the United States)
The Scope of the Problem
Underreporting
Other studies report 15-33% of women and 10-15% of men experienced an attempted or completed rape (in the United States)
3 out of 5 sexual assault victims stated the offender was an intimate, relative, friend, or acquaintance which leads to underreporting
Sexual abuse of children under the age of 12 is rarely reported
The Unique Situation of Sexual Abuse/Rape Survivors
Crises resulting from sexual abuse and rape differ in nature, intensity, and extent from other forms of crisis
The Dynamics of Rape
Social/Cultural Factors
Four different factors:
Gender inequality
Pornography
Social disorganization
Legitimization of violence
Historically, the crime of rape has been seen as:
A crime against the woman’s father or her husband
Psychosocial means by which the victors in wars reward themselves and humiliate their opponents
The Dynamics of Rape Cont.
Personal and Psychological Factors of Rapists
Acts hostile but often feels weak
Lacks interpersonal skills
May need to exercise power
May show sadistic patters
Sees women as sexual objects
Holds stereotypical and rigid views of males and females
Harbors chronic feelings of anger toward women and seeks to control them
Rape as an exercise in power and control
Four categories of rapists:
Anger
Power exploitative
Power reassurance
Sadistic
Myths About Rape
Rape is just rough sex.
Equating rape and sex is perhaps the most destructive myth of all.
Women “cry rape” to gain revenge.
People do not want to believe that rape really occurs
Serves to focus the blame for sexual violence on victims rather than perpetrators
Easier to believe than knowing rape can happen to anyone
Rape is motiva ...
Covers the causes, theories and recommendations for domestic violence. Also has many real life domestic violence stories that has occurred in Pakistan.
Running head ASSIGNMENT 3-ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY .docxtoddr4
Running head: ASSIGNMENT 3-ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
ASSIGNMENT 3-ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 9
Assignment 3-Annotated Bibliography
Stephanie Rincon
Professor Terri Klosek
FP6525 | Psychology of the Victim
December 26,2018
Assignment 3-Annotated Bibliography
Introduction
The problem looked into by the paper includes domestic violence victimization. Domestic violence victimization is a serious offense that has for a long time disturbed families, individuals, and the social sectors (Van der Kolk, 2017). Since it touches on family, the most affected individuals comprise of women and children who undergo physical and mental abuse. Most of the known perpetrators of the crime include men who assault their partners. Domestic violence victimization focuses on individuals who are embroiled in a conflict involving a romantic relationship (Anderberg, Rainer, Wadsworth, & Wilson, 2015). Despite having the above factor as a general definition of domestic violence, one has to know that there are several features of domestic violence which are still being discovered while others remain unknown. The discussion looks into women and children as victims who are affected by the crime. It also looks at possible countermeasures to use in dealing with the problem.
Presenting Domestic Violence Victimization and Population (Women and Children)
The presentation occurs through the discussion of the following literature work:
Van der Kolk, B. (2017). Developmental Trauma Disorder: Toward a rational diagnosis for children with complex trauma histories. Psychiatric annals, 35(5), 401-408.
More than 85% of domestic violence victims are women (Van der Kolk, 2017). Those affected falls between the ages of 24 and 25 years. The population of victims includes intimate partners, people sharing a residence, and married couples. Domestic violence victimization affects individuals from diverse ethnicities, socioeconomic backgrounds, ethnicities, and sexual orientation. The connection for domestic violence victimization revolves around the magnitude of trauma it creates on the victims. Victims undergo psychological disturbance since they suffer from the shock that affects them for many years unless they receive the needed attention. Domestic violence victimization occurs on a physical level. It comprises of different abuses that may lead to injury, harm, and damage upon women. Sometimes women fall victims of aggravated physical abuses via deadly weapons used on them to injure them.
García-Moreno, C., Hegarty, K., d'Oliveira, A., Koziol-McLain, J., Colombini, M., & Feder, G. (2015). The health-systems response to violence against women. The Lancet, 385(9977),, 1567-1579.
It is important to note that domestic violence occurs on emotional and psy.
2. Background
Culture has a role in the definition of partner violence
Not limited to a husband and wife relationship
Common terms:
Battering-physical violence perpetrated by one person on
another
Abuse-general term that describes the unequal power
relationship within which the assault occurs
Assault-verbal and behavioral threats to others, pets, or
property
Domestic violence-any act of assault by a social partner or
relative, regardless of marital status
3. Incidence of Partner Violence
Bradley v. State of Mississippi, 1824
State of North Carolina v. Oliver, 1874
Domestic disturbance calls outnumber other types of
calls in which the possibility of violence exists to both
civilians and police
4. Incidence of Partner Violence Cont.
1.5 million women and 830,000 men were victims of
intimate violence in the United States
15.5 million children live in families where violence has
occurred and about 7 million have witnessed severe
violence
These rates are apparently decreasing
5. Emerging Approaches to
Partner Violence
Scream Quietly or the Neighbors Will Hear, 1974 (England)
National Organization for Women and Massachusetts
Coalition of Battered Women Service Groups (United States)
The Domestic Abuse Intervention Project in Duluth,
Minnesota (Duluth Model)
Police procedures, increased prosecution of partner violence, and
enhanced legal protection
Countywide coordinated community responses
Domestic violence units have been formed
The Violence Against Women Act of 1994
6. Psychosocial and Cultural Dynamics
Attachment/Traumatic Bonding Theory
Coercive control
Cultural reinforcement
Exchange Theory
Feminist Theory
Intraindividual Theory
Learned Helplessness/Battered Woman Syndrome
Masochism
Nested Ecological Theory
Psychological entrapment
Sociobiology
Stockholm Syndrome
System Theory
7. Dynamics of Partner Violence
Psychological factors
Behaviors of men vs. women
Stressors
Geographic and social isolation
Economic stress
Medical problems
Inadequate parenting skills
Pregnancy
Family dysfunction
Substance abuse
Education/vocational disparity
Age
Disenfranchisement
Rejection
Threat to masculinity
8. Dynamics of Partner Violence Cont.
Types of batterers
Family only
Dysphoric/borderline
Violent/anti-social
Low-level anti-social
The cycle of violence
Phase I: Tranquility prevails
Phase II: Tensions starts to build
Phase III: A violent episode occurs
Phase IV: The relationship takes on crisis proportions
Abuser is remorseful and the victim forgives them
Abuser is not remorseful and asserts control over the victim
The victim takes new action
9. Myths About Battering
Battered women overstate the case
Battered women provoke the beating
Battered women are masochists
Battering is a private, family matter
Alcohol abuse is the prime reason for spousal abuse
Battering occurs only in problem families
Only low-income and working-class families
experience violence
10. Myths About Battering Cont.
The battering cannot be that bad or the victim would leave
A husband has patriarchal rights
The beaten spouse exaggerates the problem to exact
revenge
Women are too sensitive, especially when they are
pregnant
Battering is rare
Battering is confined to mentally ill people
Violence and love cannot coexist
Elder abuse between partners is neither prevalent nor
dangerous
11. Realities for Abused Women
Victim has a fear of reprisal.
She is grateful that her children have food, clothing, and shelter.
She believes that she will suffer shame if her secret gets out.
Her self-concept is dependent on the relationship.
Early affection and prior love in the relationship persist.
If financially well off, the woman is unable to deal with a reduction
in her financial freedom.
In the cyclic nature of abuse, she may tend to forget the batterings
and remember only the good times.
Early role models of an abusive parent may lead her to believe that
relationships exist in no other way.
12. Realities for Abused Women Cont.
The woman may hold religious values that strongly discourage
separation or divorce.
The woman may be undereducated, have small children to raise, or
lack job skills.
She may be so socially, physically, geographically, or financially
isolated that she has no resources.
She may be so badly injured that she is unable physically to leave.
Love or sorrow at the mate’s professed inability to exist without her
may compel her to stay.
Because of previous negative experiences with the authorities, she
may believe she has no options.
Due to language barriers, she may be unable to communicate her
abuse.
Leaving an abusive relationship is one of the most dangerous
things the victim can do.
14. Shelters
Counseling women at shelters
Shelter dynamics
Grief
Depression
Terror
Those who have decided to leave
Follow-up
Counseling
Victim may relapse and re-unite with the abuser
Long-term follow support (6 months)
Going to a shelter without follow-up may increase violence
15. Intervention With Children
Art and play models of therapy
Treatment goals:
• Create an alliance with the parent
• Provide psycho-education to both parent and child
• Restore the parent’s self-esteem and confidence
• Establish a safe environment for the child to express thoughts
and feelings
• Relieve the child’s symptoms, including difficulty with living
transitions, sleeping, nightmares, and other trauma symptoms
• Reestablish the child’s previous level of cognitive functioning and
attachment with the caregiver
• Reassure that what has happened is not the child’s fault
• Help the child to regain emotional regulation
• Provide stress reduction strategies
16. Courtship Violence
Violence occurs in approximately 25% of courtship
relationships
Number of dating partners and dating frequency have
the highest positive correlation
Grade point average has the highest negative
correlation
25% of victims and 30 percent of offenders interviewed
interpreted violence in courtship as a sign of love!
The longer the abusive relationship continues, the
higher the degree of violence
Stalking
17. Gay and Lesbian Violence
Prevalence of violence
Complicating factors
Crisis intervention involving gay and lesbian
violence
Sensitivity
Precipitating factors
Specific issues
Severity
Safety and support
Treatment issues
19. A Typical 24-Session Anger
Management Group
Starting the Group
Making Choices
Support and Confrontation
Managing Stress
Understanding the Cycle of Violence
Costs
Intergenerational Issues
Feelings
Power and Control
Assertion
Alcohol and Drug Effects
Sex
Summing Up
Programs Success