ASTR 100Final Exam – Spring 2015University of Maryland Unive.docxikirkton
ASTR 100
Final Exam – Spring 2015
University of Maryland University College
Dr. Hunt
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Section-1
Check the letter that represents the best answer to each of the multiple choice questions. Answer all questions in this section. Each question is worth 1 point.
This section is worth 50 points.
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[1] In the scientific method, a hypothesis is _____.
A ) is a statement of fact
B ) makes a prediction that can be tested
C ) is usually proven to be correct
D ) can only be tested once
E ) all of these
[2] Which of the following can be considered a definition of "theory?"
A ) A theory can be an explanation of scientific laws.
B ) A theory is an integrated explanation of numerous hypotheses, each supported by a large body of observations and experiments.
C ) A theory is a condensation and simplification of many data that previously appeared unrelated.
D ) A theory is a prediction for new data suggesting new relationships among a range of natural phenomena.
E ) All of the above.
[3] An integrated explanation of numerous hypotheses is known as a _____.
A ) fact
B ) law
C ) control
D ) theory
E ) guess
[4] What is the correct sequence of steps in the scientific method?
I. State a problem
II. Analyze and interpret data
III. Develop a hypothesis
IV. Share the results with other scientists
V. Design and perform experiment to test the hypothesis
A ) I – II - III - IV – V
B ) III – I - V – II – IV
C ) V – IV – III – II – I
D ) I – III – V – II – IV
E ) V – II – I – III - IV
[5] Ptolemy's model sought to explain retrograde motion by _____.
A) adding circles to epicycle orbits
B) adding circles to elliptical orbits
C) adding epicycles to elliptical orbits
D) adding epicycles to circular orbits
[6] Which of the following is correctly ordered from shortest to longest lifetime?
A) Sun, very high mass star, very low mass star
B) very low mass star, Sun, very high mass star
C) very high mass star, Sun, very low mass star
D) Sun, very low mass star, very high mass star
[7] Which of the following is correctly ordered from smallest to largest size?
A) Moon, neutron star, white dwarf, galaxy
B) white dwarf, neutron star, Moon, galaxy
C) planet, neutron star, white dwarf, galaxy
D) neutron star, Moon, white dwarf, galaxy
[8] Inner planets have _____ than outer planets.
A) lower densities
B) higher densities
C) thicker atmospheres
D) higher masses
[9] A star’s energy is normally generated by ____ reactions.
A) chemical
B) biological
C) fusion
D) fission
[10] Measurements indicate that a certain star has a very high intrinsic brightness (100,000 times as bright as the Sun) and yet is relatively cool (3500 K). How can this be?
A) The star must be in the upper part of the main sequence.
B) The star must be very large.
C) The star must be quite small.
D) There must be an error in observation, because no star ...
ASTR 100Final Exam – Spring 2015University of Maryland Unive.docxikirkton
ASTR 100
Final Exam – Spring 2015
University of Maryland University College
Dr. Hunt
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Section-1
Check the letter that represents the best answer to each of the multiple choice questions. Answer all questions in this section. Each question is worth 1 point.
This section is worth 50 points.
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
[1] In the scientific method, a hypothesis is _____.
A ) is a statement of fact
B ) makes a prediction that can be tested
C ) is usually proven to be correct
D ) can only be tested once
E ) all of these
[2] Which of the following can be considered a definition of "theory?"
A ) A theory can be an explanation of scientific laws.
B ) A theory is an integrated explanation of numerous hypotheses, each supported by a large body of observations and experiments.
C ) A theory is a condensation and simplification of many data that previously appeared unrelated.
D ) A theory is a prediction for new data suggesting new relationships among a range of natural phenomena.
E ) All of the above.
[3] An integrated explanation of numerous hypotheses is known as a _____.
A ) fact
B ) law
C ) control
D ) theory
E ) guess
[4] What is the correct sequence of steps in the scientific method?
I. State a problem
II. Analyze and interpret data
III. Develop a hypothesis
IV. Share the results with other scientists
V. Design and perform experiment to test the hypothesis
A ) I – II - III - IV – V
B ) III – I - V – II – IV
C ) V – IV – III – II – I
D ) I – III – V – II – IV
E ) V – II – I – III - IV
[5] Ptolemy's model sought to explain retrograde motion by _____.
A) adding circles to epicycle orbits
B) adding circles to elliptical orbits
C) adding epicycles to elliptical orbits
D) adding epicycles to circular orbits
[6] Which of the following is correctly ordered from shortest to longest lifetime?
A) Sun, very high mass star, very low mass star
B) very low mass star, Sun, very high mass star
C) very high mass star, Sun, very low mass star
D) Sun, very low mass star, very high mass star
[7] Which of the following is correctly ordered from smallest to largest size?
A) Moon, neutron star, white dwarf, galaxy
B) white dwarf, neutron star, Moon, galaxy
C) planet, neutron star, white dwarf, galaxy
D) neutron star, Moon, white dwarf, galaxy
[8] Inner planets have _____ than outer planets.
A) lower densities
B) higher densities
C) thicker atmospheres
D) higher masses
[9] A star’s energy is normally generated by ____ reactions.
A) chemical
B) biological
C) fusion
D) fission
[10] Measurements indicate that a certain star has a very high intrinsic brightness (100,000 times as bright as the Sun) and yet is relatively cool (3500 K). How can this be?
A) The star must be in the upper part of the main sequence.
B) The star must be very large.
C) The star must be quite small.
D) There must be an error in observation, because no star ...
have fun using these activities I got from the web and this is my first word document send to slideshare. Hope you have fun and don't forget to give this a like!
1 What is the maximum number of planets readily visible to .pdfabhishek483040
1. What is the maximum number of planets readily visible to the
naked eye on a given night?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
2. Planets
a. move rapidly across the sky relative to the stars.
b. are stationary relative to the stars.
c. all move at the same rate relative to the stars.
d. move slowly relative to the stars.
e. can appear anywhere in the sky.
3. The Moon
a. may appear anywhere in the sky.
b. always appears within a few degrees of the zodiac.
c. always appears within a few degrees of the celestial
equator.
d. generally appears opposite the Sun.
4. The most readily observed motion of a celestial object is
produced by
a. the motion of the planets across the sky.
b. the rotation of the Earth.
c. the revolution of the Earth.
d. the motion of the Sun around the galaxy.
5. An astronomical unit is the
a. distance from the Earth to the Moon.
b. distance from the Earth to the Sun.
c. distance from the Earth to the nearest star.
d. distance light travels in one year.
e. circumference of the Earth.
6. Which of the following statements about planets is FALSE?
a. none are visible to observers on the Earth
b. they move relative to the stars
c. they are found along the zodiac
d. they do not twinkle as stars do
7. Where must an observer be located on the Earth to view the
entire sky over the course of a year?
a. the north pole
b. the south pole
c. the equator
d. anywhere on the Earth
8. Diurnal motions are caused by
a. the rapid rotations of heavenly bodies.
b. the motion of the Moon about the Earth.
c. the motion of the Sun about the Earth.
d. the motion of the Earth on its rotation axis.
e. the precession of the Earth's axis.
9. Suppose you are on a strange planet. Since you have had an
astronomy class at the university, you are aware of the daily
motion of stars about a fixed point in the sky. Furthermore,
you notice that this fixed point is 30 degrees above the
horizon. You then deduce that your latitude on this planet is
a. 0.
b. 15.
c. 30.
d. 45.
e. 60.
10. Precession is
a. the accuracy with which numbers are given in astronomy.
b. the slow motion of the Earth's rotation axis on the
celestial sphere.
c. the apparent backward motion of planets on the celestial
sphere.
d. the daily eastward motion of the Sun around the celestial
sphere.
(I will downvote if you dont answer all the questions in detail)..
This presentation explains Present Simple by using facts related to the Solar System. Adverbs of frequency are also explained.
For more information go to
http://englishverywell33.blogspot.com.co/2017/03/welcome.html
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
2. Chapter 7
Which planets have a rocky, relatively dense
composition?
a) Jupiter, Saturn, Earth, and Mars
b) Uranus, Neptune, Earth, and Mars
c) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
d) Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
3. Chapter 7
Which planets have a rocky, relatively dense
composition?
a) Jupiter, Saturn, Earth, and Mars
b) Uranus, Neptune, Earth, and Mars
c) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
d) Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
4. Chapter 7
Most of the solar system's planets
a) are made of rocks and minerals.
b) are made of gas.
c) orbit the Sun in the same direction.
d) rotate in the same direction as they orbit the Sun.
e) C and D
5. Chapter 7
Most of the solar system's planets
a) are made of rocks and minerals.
b) are made of gas.
c) orbit the Sun in the same direction.
d) rotate in the same direction as they orbit the Sun.
e) C and D
6. Chapter 7
What patterns can been seen comparing the
terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth,
Mars) to the Jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, Neptune)?
a) The jovian planets are much more massive.
b) The terrestrial planets are much more dense.
c) The terrestrial planets are rocky and the jovian
planets are gaseous.
d) All of the above
e) A and C.
7. Chapter 7
What patterns can been seen comparing the
terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth,
Mars) to the Jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, Neptune)?
a) The jovian planets are much more massive.
b) The terrestrial planets are much more dense.
c) The terrestrial planets are rocky and the jovian
planets are gaseous.
d) All of the above
e) A and C.
8. Chapter 7
Where do asteroids come from?
a) There are the remains of a planet between Mars
and Jupiter that broke up.
b) They are escaped small moons.
c) They are leftover planetesimals from the inner solar
system.
d) They are leftover planetesimals from the outer
solar system.
9. Chapter 7
Where do asteroids come from?
a) There are the remains of a planet between Mars
and Jupiter that broke up.
b) They are escaped small moons.
c) They are leftover planetesimals from the inner
solar system.
d) They are leftover planetesimals from the outer
solar system.
10. Chapter 7
Where do comets come from?
a) There are the remains of a planet between Mars
and Jupiter that broke up.
b) They are escaped small moons.
c) They are leftover planetesimals from the inner solar
system.
d) They are leftover planetesimals from the outer
solar system.
11. Chapter 7
Where do comets come from?
a) There are the remains of a planet between Mars
and Jupiter that broke up.
b) They are escaped small moons.
c) They are leftover planetesimals from the inner solar
system.
d) They are leftover planetesimals from the outer
solar system.
12. Chapter 7
Where do asteroids orbit?
a) between Mars and Jupiter
b) in the same plane as the planets
c) some in the plane of the planets, some at large
angles to it
d) between Neptune and Pluto
e) A and C
13. Chapter 7
Where do asteroids orbit?
a) between Mars and Jupiter
b) in the same plane as the planets
c) some in the plane of the planets, some at large
angles to it
d) between Neptune and Pluto
e) A and C
14. Chapter 7
How do comets differ from asteroids?
a) They are mostly ices, not rock.
b) Their orbits are usually much farther from the Sun.
c) They are leftover pieces of a smashed planet.
d) all of the above
e) A and B
15. Chapter 7
How do comets differ from asteroids?
a) They are mostly ices, not rock.
b) Their orbits are usually much farther from the Sun.
c) They are leftover pieces of a smashed planet.
d) all of the above
e) A and B
16. Chapter 7
According to the scale model of the solar
system used in Chapter 1, the Sun is the size
of a grapefruit. How far away from Earth is it?
a) about an inch away
b) about a foot away
c) about 40 feet away
d) about a block away
e) about a mile away
17. Chapter 7
According to the scale model of the solar
system used in Chapter 1, the Sun is the size
of a grapefruit. How far away from Earth is it?
a) about an inch away
b) about a foot away
c) about 40 feet away
d) about a block away
e) about a mile away
18. Chapter 7
According to the scale model of the solar
system used in Chapter 1, where does the
asteroid belt lie?
a) between Mars and Jupiter, around the National Air
and Space Museum
b) between Uranus and Neptune, around the Hirshorn
Museum
c) between Neptune and Pluto, around the Art and
Industries Building
d) beyond Neptune, but still within the Mall
e) well beyond the orbits of the planets, and off the
scale completely (i.e. in a different state)
19. Chapter 7
According to the scale model of the solar
system used in Chapter 1, where does the
asteroid belt lie?
a) between Mars and Jupiter, around the National
Air and Space Museum
b) between Uranus and Neptune, around the Hirshorn
Museum
c) between Neptune and Pluto, around the Art and
Industries Building
d) beyond Neptune, but still within the Mall
e) well beyond the orbits of the planets, and off the
scale completely (i.e. in a different state)
20. Chapter 7
According to the scale model of the solar
system used in Chapter 1, where does the
Kuiper belt lie?
a) between Mars and Jupiter, around the National Air
and Space Museum
b) between Uranus and Neptune, around the Hirshorn
Museum
c) between Neptune and Pluto, around the Art and
Industries Building
d) beyond Neptune, but still within the Mall
e) well beyond the orbits of the planets, and off the
scale completely (i.e. in a different state)
21. Chapter 7
According to the scale model of the solar
system used in Chapter 1, where does the
Kuiper belt lie?
a) between Mars and Jupiter, around the National Air
and Space Museum
b) between Uranus and Neptune, around the Hirshorn
Museum
c) between Neptune and Pluto, around the Art and
Industries Building
d) beyond Neptune, but still within the Mall
e) well beyond the orbits of the planets, and off the
scale completely (i.e. in a different state)
22. Chapter 7
According to the scale model of the solar
system used in Chapter 1, where does the Oort
cloud lie?
a) between Mars and Jupiter, around the National Air
and Space Museum
b) between Uranus and Neptune, around the Hirshorn
Museum
c) between Neptune and Pluto, around the Art and
Industries Building
d) beyond Neptune, but still within the Mall
e) well beyond the orbits of the planets, and off the
scale completely (i.e. in a different state)
23. Chapter 7
According to the scale model of the solar
system used in Chapter 1, where does the Oort
cloud lie?
a) between Mars and Jupiter, around the National Air
and Space Museum
b) between Uranus and Neptune, around the Hirshorn
Museum
c) between Neptune and Pluto, around the Art and
Industries Building
d) beyond Neptune, but still within the Mall
e) well beyond the orbits of the planets, and off
the scale completely (i.e. in a different state)
24. Chapter 7
What is the order in which the 4 types of
exploratory spacecraft are likely to be sent to
planets?
a) flyby, orbiter, lander, sample return
b) lander, orbiter, flyby, sample return
c) sample return, flyby, lander, orbiter
d) flyby, lander, sample return, orbiter
e) sample return, orbiter, lander, flyby
25. Chapter 7
What is the order in which the 4 types of
exploratory spacecraft are likely to be sent to
planets?
a) flyby, orbiter, lander, sample return
b) lander, orbiter, flyby, sample return
c) sample return, flyby, lander, orbiter
d) flyby, lander, sample return, orbiter
e) sample return, orbiter, lander, flyby
Editor's Notes
Answer: d) Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
Answer: d) Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
Answer: e) C and D
Answer: e) C and D
Answer: d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Answer: c) They are leftover planetesimals from the inner solar system
Answer: c) They are leftover planetesimals from the inner solar system
Answer: d) They are leftover planetesimals from the outer solar system.
Answer: d) They are leftover planetesimals from the outer solar system.
Answer: e) A and C
Answer: e) A and C
Answer: e) A and B
Answer: e) A and B
Answer: c) about 40 feet away
Answer: c) about 40 feet away
Answer: a) between Mars and Jupiter, around the National Air and Space Museum
Answer: a) between Mars and Jupiter, around the National Air and Space Museum
Answer: d) beyond Neptune, but still within the Mall
Answer: d) beyond Neptune, but still within the Mall
Answer: e) well beyond the orbits of the planets, and off the scale completely (i.e. in a different state)
Answer: e) well beyond the orbits of the planets, and off the scale completely (i.e. in a different state)